PORTAGE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

True/False: Persistent metaplasia can lead to dysplasia. - true True/False: Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia. - false (Barrett's esophagus is METAplasia) True/False: Persistent dysplasia eventually results in cancer. - true True/False: Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions. - true Match definitions for: sensitivity, reliability, validity, specificity - Sensitivity: proportion of people WITH a disease that test positive for the disease Reliability: likelihood of getting same result with repeat testing Validity: HOW a tool measures what it is intended to measure Specificity: people WITHOUT a disease who test negative for the disease Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - It is involved in cellular respiration They play a role in apoptosis Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - Proteins carry out the functions of the cell membrane Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - They are found far from the site of energy consumption They control free radicals High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - Pathophysiology (Pathophysiology is the study of disease, high blood pressure is an example of a disease) A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are these examples of? - signs (high blood pressure) AND symptoms (pt complaint of chest pain) Which of the following is NOT helpful to the clinician to make a diagnosis? - evidence-based practice (this is a stupid answer but just go with it... the other options were detailed history, physical exam, and lab tests) What are important factors when deciding upon a diagnosis? Select all that apply. - age, race, gender, lifestyle