ATI CBC Level 2 Test
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
1. what does pH tell you the expression of the balance between carbon
dioxide and bicarbonate
2. what causes a lower pH in the body the greater the concentration of hydrogen, the
more acidic the body fluids
3. what causes a higher pH in the body the lower the concentration of hydrogen, the
more alkaline the body fluids
4. hyperventilation and hydrogen ions causes a decrease in hydrogen ions
5. hypoventilation and hydrogen ions causes an increase in hydrogen ions
6. normal pH for the blood 7.35-7.45
7. what causes respiratory acidosis hypoventilation
8. what causes hypoventilation - respiratory depression from opioids, poisons
- brain tumors, stroke, trauma
- muscle weakness, flail chest, obesity, sleep
apnea
- airway obstruction
- pneumothorax
9. manifestations of respiratory acidosis - tachycardia (severe is bradycardia), tachyp-
nea, hypertension
- anxiety, irritability, confusion, coma
- ineffective, shallow, rapid breathing
- pale or cyanotic
10. nursing care for a patient with respira- - oxygen therapy
tory acidosis - maintain patent airway
- positioning and breathing techniques
, ATI CBC Level 2 Test
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
11. what causes respiratory alkalosis hyperventilation
12. what causes hyperventilation - fear, anxiety, intracerebral trauma, excessive
mechanical ventilation
- hypoxemia from asphyxiation, high altitudes,
shock, pneumonia
13. lab values for respiratory alkalosis PaCO2: less than 35
pH: greater than 7.45
HCO3: less than 24
14. lab values for respiratory acidosis PaCO2: greater than 45
pH: less than 7.35
HCO3: greater than 28
15. manifestations of respiratory alkalosis - tachypnea
- inability to concentrate, numbness, tingling
- tachycardia, dysrhythmias
- rapid deep respirations
16. nursing care for respiratory alkalosis - oxygen therapy
- anxiety reduction interventions
- rebreathing techniques
17. what causes metabolic acidosis - diabetic ketoacidosis
- starvation
- heavy exercise, seizure activity, hypoxia
- liver failure
- diarrhea
18. lab values for metabolic acidosis pH: less than 7.35
HCO3: less than 24
PaCO2: greater than 35
, ATI CBC Level 2 Test
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
19. manifestations of metabolic acidosis - dysrhythmias
- bradycardia, weak pulses, hypotension,
tachypnea
- headache, drowsiness, confusion
- rapid deep respirations (kussmaul)
20. causes of metabolic alkalosis - oral ingestion of excess amount of antacids
- blood transfusions, TPN
- prolonged vomiting, NG suction
21. lab values for metabolic alkalosis pH: greater than 7.45
HCO3: greater than 28
PaCO2: greater than 45
22. manifestations of metabolic alkalosis - tachycardia, hypotensive
- atrial tachycardia
- numbness, tingling, tetany, muscle weakness,
hyperreflexia, confusion
- depressed skeletal muscles resulting in inef-
fective breathing
23. how to determine the type of imbalance - look at pH first (less than 7.35 acidosis, greater
than 7.45 alkalosis)
- look at PaCO2 and HCO3
24. a nurse is caring for a client admitted C.
with confusion and lethargy. the client
was found at home unresponsive with
an empty bottle of aspirin lying next to
her bed. Vital signs reveal blood pres-
sure 104/72, HR 116, RR 42 and deep,
which of the following should the nurse
expect?
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
1. what does pH tell you the expression of the balance between carbon
dioxide and bicarbonate
2. what causes a lower pH in the body the greater the concentration of hydrogen, the
more acidic the body fluids
3. what causes a higher pH in the body the lower the concentration of hydrogen, the
more alkaline the body fluids
4. hyperventilation and hydrogen ions causes a decrease in hydrogen ions
5. hypoventilation and hydrogen ions causes an increase in hydrogen ions
6. normal pH for the blood 7.35-7.45
7. what causes respiratory acidosis hypoventilation
8. what causes hypoventilation - respiratory depression from opioids, poisons
- brain tumors, stroke, trauma
- muscle weakness, flail chest, obesity, sleep
apnea
- airway obstruction
- pneumothorax
9. manifestations of respiratory acidosis - tachycardia (severe is bradycardia), tachyp-
nea, hypertension
- anxiety, irritability, confusion, coma
- ineffective, shallow, rapid breathing
- pale or cyanotic
10. nursing care for a patient with respira- - oxygen therapy
tory acidosis - maintain patent airway
- positioning and breathing techniques
, ATI CBC Level 2 Test
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
11. what causes respiratory alkalosis hyperventilation
12. what causes hyperventilation - fear, anxiety, intracerebral trauma, excessive
mechanical ventilation
- hypoxemia from asphyxiation, high altitudes,
shock, pneumonia
13. lab values for respiratory alkalosis PaCO2: less than 35
pH: greater than 7.45
HCO3: less than 24
14. lab values for respiratory acidosis PaCO2: greater than 45
pH: less than 7.35
HCO3: greater than 28
15. manifestations of respiratory alkalosis - tachypnea
- inability to concentrate, numbness, tingling
- tachycardia, dysrhythmias
- rapid deep respirations
16. nursing care for respiratory alkalosis - oxygen therapy
- anxiety reduction interventions
- rebreathing techniques
17. what causes metabolic acidosis - diabetic ketoacidosis
- starvation
- heavy exercise, seizure activity, hypoxia
- liver failure
- diarrhea
18. lab values for metabolic acidosis pH: less than 7.35
HCO3: less than 24
PaCO2: greater than 35
, ATI CBC Level 2 Test
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_fdwvfw
19. manifestations of metabolic acidosis - dysrhythmias
- bradycardia, weak pulses, hypotension,
tachypnea
- headache, drowsiness, confusion
- rapid deep respirations (kussmaul)
20. causes of metabolic alkalosis - oral ingestion of excess amount of antacids
- blood transfusions, TPN
- prolonged vomiting, NG suction
21. lab values for metabolic alkalosis pH: greater than 7.45
HCO3: greater than 28
PaCO2: greater than 45
22. manifestations of metabolic alkalosis - tachycardia, hypotensive
- atrial tachycardia
- numbness, tingling, tetany, muscle weakness,
hyperreflexia, confusion
- depressed skeletal muscles resulting in inef-
fective breathing
23. how to determine the type of imbalance - look at pH first (less than 7.35 acidosis, greater
than 7.45 alkalosis)
- look at PaCO2 and HCO3
24. a nurse is caring for a client admitted C.
with confusion and lethargy. the client
was found at home unresponsive with
an empty bottle of aspirin lying next to
her bed. Vital signs reveal blood pres-
sure 104/72, HR 116, RR 42 and deep,
which of the following should the nurse
expect?
