C784 Statistics FULL COURSE REVIEW
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Lurking Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Associated with the explanatory and the
response variables that is not directly being studied.
Simpson's Paradox - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when a trend or result that appears in
groups of data disappears when we combine the data.
Regression Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER A process for estimating and analyzing the
relationship between variables.
Least-Squares Regression Line - CORRECT ANSWER AKA the line of best fit.
y = mx + b
"rise over run"
Interpolation - CORRECT ANSWER Using existing data along with the Least-Squares
Regression Line to make a prediction.
Extrapolation - CORRECT ANSWER Estimation by projecting OUTSIDE known data
points.
p-value - CORRECT ANSWER the probability that a result occurred by chance
Significance Levels in Hypothesis Testing - CORRECT ANSWER Statistically
Significant: If a measured p-value is less than the significance level.
NOT Statistically Significant: If a measured p-value is MORE than the significance level.
, Empirical Rule - CORRECT ANSWER 68 - 95 - 99.7
68% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
95% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
99.7% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
Used for Categorical (Qual) Data - CORRECT ANSWER Bar Chart
Pie Chart
Mean - CORRECT ANSWER Average - adding series then dividing by the total number
in that series
Center & Spread Measures - CORRECT ANSWER SYMMETRIC - Mean (center) /
Standard Deviation (spread)
SKEWED - Median (center) / IQR (spread)
CATEGORICAL - Mode (center) / no spread
What is the difference between a bar chart and a histogram? - CORRECT ANSWER BAR
CHART - Categorical data distributed over groups of categories
HISTOGRAM - Quantitative data distributed over various intervals
Outlier Formula - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5 x IQR above Q3 or below Q1
UPDATED Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Lurking Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Associated with the explanatory and the
response variables that is not directly being studied.
Simpson's Paradox - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs when a trend or result that appears in
groups of data disappears when we combine the data.
Regression Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER A process for estimating and analyzing the
relationship between variables.
Least-Squares Regression Line - CORRECT ANSWER AKA the line of best fit.
y = mx + b
"rise over run"
Interpolation - CORRECT ANSWER Using existing data along with the Least-Squares
Regression Line to make a prediction.
Extrapolation - CORRECT ANSWER Estimation by projecting OUTSIDE known data
points.
p-value - CORRECT ANSWER the probability that a result occurred by chance
Significance Levels in Hypothesis Testing - CORRECT ANSWER Statistically
Significant: If a measured p-value is less than the significance level.
NOT Statistically Significant: If a measured p-value is MORE than the significance level.
, Empirical Rule - CORRECT ANSWER 68 - 95 - 99.7
68% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
95% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
99.7% is w/in 1 standard deviation of the mean
Used for Categorical (Qual) Data - CORRECT ANSWER Bar Chart
Pie Chart
Mean - CORRECT ANSWER Average - adding series then dividing by the total number
in that series
Center & Spread Measures - CORRECT ANSWER SYMMETRIC - Mean (center) /
Standard Deviation (spread)
SKEWED - Median (center) / IQR (spread)
CATEGORICAL - Mode (center) / no spread
What is the difference between a bar chart and a histogram? - CORRECT ANSWER BAR
CHART - Categorical data distributed over groups of categories
HISTOGRAM - Quantitative data distributed over various intervals
Outlier Formula - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5 x IQR above Q3 or below Q1
