Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
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1. *A patient has been on bed rest for over 4 days. On *Answer: A*
assessment, the nurse identifies the following as a Rationale: Immobility dis-
sign associated with immobility:* rupts normal metabol-
A. Decreased peristalsis ic functioning: decreasing
B. Decreased heart rate the metabolic rate; alter-
C. Increased blood pressure ing the metabolism of car-
D. Increased urinary output bohydrates, fats, and pro-
teins; causing fluid, elec-
trolyte, and calcium imbal-
ances; and causing gas-
trointestinal disturbances
such as decreased ap-
petite and slowing of peri-
stalsis.
2. *A nurse is caring for an older adult who has had a *Answer: A*
fractured hip repaired. In the first few postoperative Rationale: The trapeze bar
days, which of the following nursing measures will allows the patient to pull
best facilitate the resumption of activities of daily liv- with the upper extremities
ing for this patient?* to raise the trunk off the
A. Encouraging use of an overhead trapeze for posi- bed, aid in transfer from
tioning and transfer. bed to wheelchair, or per-
B. Frequent family visits form upper-arm exercis-
C. Assisting the patient to a wheelchair once per day es. It increases indepen-
D. Ensuring that there is an order for physical therapy dence and maintains up-
per body strength to help
in performing activities of
daily living.
3. *An older-adult patient has been bedridden for 2 *Answer: D*
weeks. Which of the following complaints by the pa- Rationale: Patients whose
tient indicates to the nurse that he or she is develop- mobility is restricted
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
ing a complication of immobility?* require range-of-motion
A. Loss of appetite (ROM) exercises daily to
B. Gum soreness reduce the hazards of im-
C. Difficulty swallowing mobility. Temporary im-
D. Left-ankle joint stiffness mobilization results in
some muscle atrophy, loss
of muscle tone, and joint
stiffness. Two weeks of
joint immobilization with-
out ROM can quickly result
in contractures.
4. *The nurse is caring for a patient whose calcium in- *Answer: A*
take must increase because of high risk factors for Rationale: Teach patient
osteoporosis. Which of the following menus should and/or caregiver the cur-
the nurse recommend?* rent recommended di-
A. Cream of broccoli soup with whole wheat crackers, etary allowances for calci-
cheese, and tapioca for dessert um and review foods high
B. Hot dog on whole wheat bun with a side salad and in calcium (e.g., milk for-
an apple for dessert tified with vitamin D, leafy
C. Low-fat turkey chili with sour cream with a side green vegetables, yogurt,
salad and fresh pears for dessert and cheese).
D. Turkey salad on toast with tomato and lettuce and
honey bun for dessert
5. *A patient on prolonged bed rest is at an increased *Answer: C*
risk to develop this common complication of immobil- Rationale: Immobility is a
ity if preventive measures are not taken:* major risk factor for pres-
A. Myoclonus sure ulcers. Any break in
B. Pathological fractures the integrity of the skin is
C. Pressure ulcers difficult to heal. Preventing
D. Pruritus a pressure ulcer is much
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
less expensive than treat-
ing one; therefore preven-
tive nursing interventions
are imperative.
6. *To prevent complications of immobility, what would *Answer: B*
be the most effective activity on the first postoperative Rationale: Prevention of
day for a patient who has had abdominal surgery?* complications of immobil-
A. Turn, cough, and deep breathe every 30 minutes ity begins when the pa-
while awake tient becomes immobi-
B. Ambulate patient to chair in the hall lized. Every 30 minutes is
C. Passive range of motion 4 times a day not necessary and disrup-
D. Immobility is not a concern the first postoperative tive to the healing process.
day Active patient participation
in exercises is more bene-
ficial to preventing venous
stasis.
7. *Which of the following nursing interventions should *Answer: D*
be implemented to maintain a patent airway in a pa- Rationale: Incentive
tient on bed rest?* spirometry opens the air-
A. Isometric exercises way, preventing atelecta-
B. Administration of low-dose heparin sis.
C. Suctioning every 4 hours
D. Use of incentive spirometer every 2 hours while
awake
8. *What is the correct order in which elastic stockings *Answer: C*
should be applied?
1. Identify patient using two identifiers.
2. Smooth any creases or wrinkles.
3. Slide the remainder of the stocking over the pa-
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
tient's heel and up the leg
4. Turn the stocking inside out until heel is reached.
5. Assess the condition of the patient's skin and circu-
lation of the legs.
6. Place toes into foot of the stocking.
7. Use tape measure to measure patient's legs to de-
termine proper stocking size.*
A. 1, 5, 7, 4, 6, 2, 3
B. 1, 7, 5, 4, 6, 2, 3
C. 1, 5, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2
D. 1, 5, 4, 7, 6, 3, 2
9. *Which of the following are physiological outcomes of *Answer: C*
immobility?* Rationale: Physiologic
A. Increased metabolism outcomes of immobility
B. Reduced cardiac workload include decreased metab-
C. Decreased lung expansion olism, increased cardiac
D. Decreased oxygen demand workload, decreased lung
expansion, and increased
oxygen demand.
10. *An older adult has limited mobility as a result of a *Answer: B, C, D*
total knee replacement. During assessment you note Rationale: Patients who
that the patient has difficulty breathing while lying are immobile are at
flat. Which of the following assessment data support high risk for develop-
a possible pulmonary problem related to impaired ing pulmonary complica-
mobility? (Select all that apply.)* tions. The most common
A. B/P = 128/84 respiratory complications
B. Respirations 26/min on room air are atelectasis (collapse
C. HR 114 of alveoli) and hypostat-
D. Crackles over lower lobes heard on auscultation ic pneumonia (inflamma-
tion of the lung from sta-
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
1. *A patient has been on bed rest for over 4 days. On *Answer: A*
assessment, the nurse identifies the following as a Rationale: Immobility dis-
sign associated with immobility:* rupts normal metabol-
A. Decreased peristalsis ic functioning: decreasing
B. Decreased heart rate the metabolic rate; alter-
C. Increased blood pressure ing the metabolism of car-
D. Increased urinary output bohydrates, fats, and pro-
teins; causing fluid, elec-
trolyte, and calcium imbal-
ances; and causing gas-
trointestinal disturbances
such as decreased ap-
petite and slowing of peri-
stalsis.
2. *A nurse is caring for an older adult who has had a *Answer: A*
fractured hip repaired. In the first few postoperative Rationale: The trapeze bar
days, which of the following nursing measures will allows the patient to pull
best facilitate the resumption of activities of daily liv- with the upper extremities
ing for this patient?* to raise the trunk off the
A. Encouraging use of an overhead trapeze for posi- bed, aid in transfer from
tioning and transfer. bed to wheelchair, or per-
B. Frequent family visits form upper-arm exercis-
C. Assisting the patient to a wheelchair once per day es. It increases indepen-
D. Ensuring that there is an order for physical therapy dence and maintains up-
per body strength to help
in performing activities of
daily living.
3. *An older-adult patient has been bedridden for 2 *Answer: D*
weeks. Which of the following complaints by the pa- Rationale: Patients whose
tient indicates to the nurse that he or she is develop- mobility is restricted
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
ing a complication of immobility?* require range-of-motion
A. Loss of appetite (ROM) exercises daily to
B. Gum soreness reduce the hazards of im-
C. Difficulty swallowing mobility. Temporary im-
D. Left-ankle joint stiffness mobilization results in
some muscle atrophy, loss
of muscle tone, and joint
stiffness. Two weeks of
joint immobilization with-
out ROM can quickly result
in contractures.
4. *The nurse is caring for a patient whose calcium in- *Answer: A*
take must increase because of high risk factors for Rationale: Teach patient
osteoporosis. Which of the following menus should and/or caregiver the cur-
the nurse recommend?* rent recommended di-
A. Cream of broccoli soup with whole wheat crackers, etary allowances for calci-
cheese, and tapioca for dessert um and review foods high
B. Hot dog on whole wheat bun with a side salad and in calcium (e.g., milk for-
an apple for dessert tified with vitamin D, leafy
C. Low-fat turkey chili with sour cream with a side green vegetables, yogurt,
salad and fresh pears for dessert and cheese).
D. Turkey salad on toast with tomato and lettuce and
honey bun for dessert
5. *A patient on prolonged bed rest is at an increased *Answer: C*
risk to develop this common complication of immobil- Rationale: Immobility is a
ity if preventive measures are not taken:* major risk factor for pres-
A. Myoclonus sure ulcers. Any break in
B. Pathological fractures the integrity of the skin is
C. Pressure ulcers difficult to heal. Preventing
D. Pruritus a pressure ulcer is much
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
less expensive than treat-
ing one; therefore preven-
tive nursing interventions
are imperative.
6. *To prevent complications of immobility, what would *Answer: B*
be the most effective activity on the first postoperative Rationale: Prevention of
day for a patient who has had abdominal surgery?* complications of immobil-
A. Turn, cough, and deep breathe every 30 minutes ity begins when the pa-
while awake tient becomes immobi-
B. Ambulate patient to chair in the hall lized. Every 30 minutes is
C. Passive range of motion 4 times a day not necessary and disrup-
D. Immobility is not a concern the first postoperative tive to the healing process.
day Active patient participation
in exercises is more bene-
ficial to preventing venous
stasis.
7. *Which of the following nursing interventions should *Answer: D*
be implemented to maintain a patent airway in a pa- Rationale: Incentive
tient on bed rest?* spirometry opens the air-
A. Isometric exercises way, preventing atelecta-
B. Administration of low-dose heparin sis.
C. Suctioning every 4 hours
D. Use of incentive spirometer every 2 hours while
awake
8. *What is the correct order in which elastic stockings *Answer: C*
should be applied?
1. Identify patient using two identifiers.
2. Smooth any creases or wrinkles.
3. Slide the remainder of the stocking over the pa-
, Fundamentals Exam 1 (Potter & Perry Chapter Practice Questions)
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_azq624
tient's heel and up the leg
4. Turn the stocking inside out until heel is reached.
5. Assess the condition of the patient's skin and circu-
lation of the legs.
6. Place toes into foot of the stocking.
7. Use tape measure to measure patient's legs to de-
termine proper stocking size.*
A. 1, 5, 7, 4, 6, 2, 3
B. 1, 7, 5, 4, 6, 2, 3
C. 1, 5, 7, 4, 6, 3, 2
D. 1, 5, 4, 7, 6, 3, 2
9. *Which of the following are physiological outcomes of *Answer: C*
immobility?* Rationale: Physiologic
A. Increased metabolism outcomes of immobility
B. Reduced cardiac workload include decreased metab-
C. Decreased lung expansion olism, increased cardiac
D. Decreased oxygen demand workload, decreased lung
expansion, and increased
oxygen demand.
10. *An older adult has limited mobility as a result of a *Answer: B, C, D*
total knee replacement. During assessment you note Rationale: Patients who
that the patient has difficulty breathing while lying are immobile are at
flat. Which of the following assessment data support high risk for develop-
a possible pulmonary problem related to impaired ing pulmonary complica-
mobility? (Select all that apply.)* tions. The most common
A. B/P = 128/84 respiratory complications
B. Respirations 26/min on room air are atelectasis (collapse
C. HR 114 of alveoli) and hypostat-
D. Crackles over lower lobes heard on auscultation ic pneumonia (inflamma-
tion of the lung from sta-
