MEDICAL SURGERY EXAM 1 UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
3 Phases of Surgery - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Preoperative, post operative, intraoperative
Characteristics of calcium deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅muscle cramps, hypotension, decreased
Cardiac output, neuro changes, dysphagia
Characteristics of calcium excess - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hypertension, EKG changes, muscle/ joint
pain, nausea, thirst, dehydration, constipation
Normal Calcium level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8.5 - 10.6
Normal Potassium level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5- 5
Excessive Potassium level characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cardiac dysrhythmias, death,
twitching, muscle weakness
Lower Potassium Levels characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polyuria, constipation, dysrhythmias,
muscle weakness, orthostatic hypotension
Difference Between Chrons and Ulcerative Colitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chrons is the entire digestive
tract and multilayer, Ulcerative colitis is only rectum and large colon, Chrons can have dangerous weight
loss
Definition of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a decrease in frequency of bowel movements from
what is "normal"
Complications of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅fecal impaction, hemorrhoids
, Treatments of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Stool softeners, laxatives, stimulants, saline and
osmotic solutions
Nursing interventions for constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased fluid and fiber in diet,
ambulate, exercise, avoid laxatives/enemas, establish regular time to defecate
Definition of diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passage of at least 3 watery stools per day, can be from
an infection
Complications of diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalances,
malabsorption/malnutrition,
Treatments for diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Loperamide, Bismuth, pepto, lomotil-- treatments
depends on the cause
Nursing Actions for diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅encourage fluid intake, monitor electrolyte
imbalace, assess contributing factors,
Types of Antiemtics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Zofran, Reglen
Side effect of Reglen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tremors, headaches, drowsiness
Definition of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅characterized by erosion of the GI mucosa resulting from
digestive action of HCl acid and pepsin
Complications of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hemorrhagem perforation
Treatments for PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H2 receptors blockers, PPI, antibiotics, antacids
Common cause of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H. Pylori
ANSWERS
3 Phases of Surgery - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Preoperative, post operative, intraoperative
Characteristics of calcium deficiency - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅muscle cramps, hypotension, decreased
Cardiac output, neuro changes, dysphagia
Characteristics of calcium excess - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hypertension, EKG changes, muscle/ joint
pain, nausea, thirst, dehydration, constipation
Normal Calcium level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅8.5 - 10.6
Normal Potassium level - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅3.5- 5
Excessive Potassium level characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅cardiac dysrhythmias, death,
twitching, muscle weakness
Lower Potassium Levels characteristics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅polyuria, constipation, dysrhythmias,
muscle weakness, orthostatic hypotension
Difference Between Chrons and Ulcerative Colitis - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Chrons is the entire digestive
tract and multilayer, Ulcerative colitis is only rectum and large colon, Chrons can have dangerous weight
loss
Definition of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅a decrease in frequency of bowel movements from
what is "normal"
Complications of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅fecal impaction, hemorrhoids
, Treatments of Constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Stool softeners, laxatives, stimulants, saline and
osmotic solutions
Nursing interventions for constipation - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Increased fluid and fiber in diet,
ambulate, exercise, avoid laxatives/enemas, establish regular time to defecate
Definition of diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅passage of at least 3 watery stools per day, can be from
an infection
Complications of diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅dehydration, fluid and electrolyte imbalances,
malabsorption/malnutrition,
Treatments for diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Loperamide, Bismuth, pepto, lomotil-- treatments
depends on the cause
Nursing Actions for diarrhea - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅encourage fluid intake, monitor electrolyte
imbalace, assess contributing factors,
Types of Antiemtics - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Zofran, Reglen
Side effect of Reglen - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅Tremors, headaches, drowsiness
Definition of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅characterized by erosion of the GI mucosa resulting from
digestive action of HCl acid and pepsin
Complications of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅hemorrhagem perforation
Treatments for PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H2 receptors blockers, PPI, antibiotics, antacids
Common cause of PUD - CORRECT ANSWER✅✅H. Pylori
