Microbiology Rio Salado 1-7
Questions With Complete Solutions
List several ways in which microbes affect our lives. - ANSWER · Maintenance of an ecological
balance on earth
Produce foods and chemical necessary for the survival of humans
Maintain health present on your skin, in your mouth, and in your stomach
Recognize the system of scientific nomenclature that uses genus and specific epithet names. -
ANSWER Designed by Carolus Linnaeus each living organism is assigned two names. The genus
is the first name and is always capitalized. The species name follows and is not capitalized.
Differentiate among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms. - ANSWER Most
common shapes of bacteria: Bacillius (rodlike); Coccus (spherical or ovoid); spiral (corkscrew or
curved).
Archaea: - ANSWER consist of prokaryotic cells and don't have cell walls. They live in extreme
environments
Fungi: - ANSWER eukaryotic organisms have distinct nucleus. Can be uni/multicellular
Protozoa: - ANSWER eukaryotic; unicellular. Most are parasites, names means "first animals"
Algae: - ANSWER uni/multicellular that obtain nourishment through photosynthesis.
,Viruses: - ANSWER non cellular that are parasites of cells. Structurally simple, difficult to kill.
Smaller than bacteria.
All organisms are classified into three basic domains. What are the domains? - ANSWER
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Explain the importance of observations made by Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek. - ANSWER
Hooke discovery marked that beginning of cell theory - that all living things are composed of
cells
VAm Leeu - observation of live microorganisms using his simple microscope
Compare the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis. - ANSWER Spontaneous
generation is that life could spontaneously generate
Biogenesis- the theory that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells.
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Needham, Spallanzani, Virchow, and Pasteur.
- ANSWER Needham claimed that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from heated
nutrient broth
Spallanzani suggested needham results were due to microorganisms in the air that were
entering his broth.
Virchow biogenesis
Pateur experiments that formed the basis for aseptic technique.
Identify the importance of Koch's postulates. - ANSWER Proved that microorganisms caused
disease
Explain how Pasteur's work influenced Lister and Koch. - ANSWER Because he participated in
the development of germ theory (idea that microorganisms might cause disease)Coined the
term vaccine and that the protection from disease or recovery is called immunity, and
discovered that avirulent bacteria can be used to cure fowl cholera
, Identify the importance of Jenner's work. - ANSWER He demonstrated that inoculation with
cowpox material provided humans with immunity from small pox
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Ehrlich and Fleming. - ANSWER Ehrlich
introduced an arsenic containing chemical called salvarsan to tx syphilis
Flemming observed that mold (penicillium) inhibited the growth of a bacterial culture.
Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology. - ANSWER Bacteriology:
the study of bacteria
Mycology: the study of fungi
Parasitology: the study of parasitic protozoa and worms
Immunology: the study of immunity
Virology: study of viruses
Explain the importance of recombinant DNA technology. - ANSWER bacteria can produce
substances such as proteins, vaccines, and enzymes
List at least four beneficial activities of microorganisms. - ANSWER Microorganisms degrade
dead plants and animals and recycle chemical elements to be used by living plants and animals.
Bacteria are used to decompose organic matter in sewage, and bioremediation processes use
bacteria to clean up toxic wastes. Bacteria are being used to control insect populations, and
microbes are commonly used to make products such as food and chemicals (called
biotechnology).
List two examples of biotechnology that use genetic engineering and two examples that do not.
- ANSWER agriculture to protect plants from frost and insects and to improve the shelf life of
products
Questions With Complete Solutions
List several ways in which microbes affect our lives. - ANSWER · Maintenance of an ecological
balance on earth
Produce foods and chemical necessary for the survival of humans
Maintain health present on your skin, in your mouth, and in your stomach
Recognize the system of scientific nomenclature that uses genus and specific epithet names. -
ANSWER Designed by Carolus Linnaeus each living organism is assigned two names. The genus
is the first name and is always capitalized. The species name follows and is not capitalized.
Differentiate among the major characteristics of each group of microorganisms. - ANSWER Most
common shapes of bacteria: Bacillius (rodlike); Coccus (spherical or ovoid); spiral (corkscrew or
curved).
Archaea: - ANSWER consist of prokaryotic cells and don't have cell walls. They live in extreme
environments
Fungi: - ANSWER eukaryotic organisms have distinct nucleus. Can be uni/multicellular
Protozoa: - ANSWER eukaryotic; unicellular. Most are parasites, names means "first animals"
Algae: - ANSWER uni/multicellular that obtain nourishment through photosynthesis.
,Viruses: - ANSWER non cellular that are parasites of cells. Structurally simple, difficult to kill.
Smaller than bacteria.
All organisms are classified into three basic domains. What are the domains? - ANSWER
Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
Explain the importance of observations made by Hooke and van Leeuwenhoek. - ANSWER
Hooke discovery marked that beginning of cell theory - that all living things are composed of
cells
VAm Leeu - observation of live microorganisms using his simple microscope
Compare the theories of spontaneous generation and biogenesis. - ANSWER Spontaneous
generation is that life could spontaneously generate
Biogenesis- the theory that living cells can arise only from preexisting living cells.
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Needham, Spallanzani, Virchow, and Pasteur.
- ANSWER Needham claimed that microorganisms could arise spontaneously from heated
nutrient broth
Spallanzani suggested needham results were due to microorganisms in the air that were
entering his broth.
Virchow biogenesis
Pateur experiments that formed the basis for aseptic technique.
Identify the importance of Koch's postulates. - ANSWER Proved that microorganisms caused
disease
Explain how Pasteur's work influenced Lister and Koch. - ANSWER Because he participated in
the development of germ theory (idea that microorganisms might cause disease)Coined the
term vaccine and that the protection from disease or recovery is called immunity, and
discovered that avirulent bacteria can be used to cure fowl cholera
, Identify the importance of Jenner's work. - ANSWER He demonstrated that inoculation with
cowpox material provided humans with immunity from small pox
Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Ehrlich and Fleming. - ANSWER Ehrlich
introduced an arsenic containing chemical called salvarsan to tx syphilis
Flemming observed that mold (penicillium) inhibited the growth of a bacterial culture.
Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology. - ANSWER Bacteriology:
the study of bacteria
Mycology: the study of fungi
Parasitology: the study of parasitic protozoa and worms
Immunology: the study of immunity
Virology: study of viruses
Explain the importance of recombinant DNA technology. - ANSWER bacteria can produce
substances such as proteins, vaccines, and enzymes
List at least four beneficial activities of microorganisms. - ANSWER Microorganisms degrade
dead plants and animals and recycle chemical elements to be used by living plants and animals.
Bacteria are used to decompose organic matter in sewage, and bioremediation processes use
bacteria to clean up toxic wastes. Bacteria are being used to control insect populations, and
microbes are commonly used to make products such as food and chemicals (called
biotechnology).
List two examples of biotechnology that use genetic engineering and two examples that do not.
- ANSWER agriculture to protect plants from frost and insects and to improve the shelf life of
products
