AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is cardiac catheterization and coronary angiography? ANSW✅✅-*gold standard in
assessment of the anatomy and physiology of the heart and all its vasculature
When do we use cardiac cath? ANSW✅✅-to evaluate the extent and severity of cardiac disease in
symptomatic pts
-to determine if medical interventions necessary
-to exclude severe disease in pts who have equivocal findings
What are the types of cardiac cath angiographies? ANSW✅✅-right(not common), left, coronary
What is the most common risk from cardiac cath invasive procedures? ANSW✅✅Access site
bleeding
Where do they gain access to the heart with cardiac cath lab? ANSW✅✅Through femoral artery
(L) and femoral vein (R)
What is the point of the angiography when performed with cardiac cath? ANSW✅✅-Defines
anatomy of coronary vessels and the extent of coronary disease
-if >50% is considered significant
superior vena cava ANSW✅✅
right atrium ANSW✅✅
right pulmonary artery ANSW✅✅
right pulmonary veins ANSW✅✅
,tricuspid valve ANSW✅✅
right ventricle ANSW✅✅
chordae tendineae ANSW✅✅
inferior vena cava ANSW✅✅
septum ANSW✅✅
left ventricle ANSW✅✅
aortic semilunar valve ANSW✅✅
bicuspid valve ANSW✅✅
pulmonary semilunar valve ANSW✅✅
left pulmonary veins ANSW✅✅
left atrium ANSW✅✅
left pulmonary artery ANSW✅✅
aorta ANSW✅✅
pathway of a drop of blood ANSW✅✅from body→superior and inferior vena cava→right
atrium→tricuspid valve→right ventricle→pulmonary semilunar valve→pulmonary
artery→lungs→pulmonary veins→left atrium→bicuspid valve→left ventricle→aortic semilunar
valve→aorta→body
, I ANSW✅✅Iodine
I ANSW✅✅LAG
More than five big boxes apart ANSW✅✅Sinus tachycardia is defined as a heart rate more than
100 bpm how do the R waves appear on the ECG
Ventricular tachycardia ANSW✅✅The patient has an ECG with five premature ventricular
contraction's in succession what is this called
Tricuspid stenosis ANSW✅✅During diastole the right atrial pressure is much higher than the right
ventricular pressure what does this indicate
None of the above - it's normal ANSW✅✅During systole the left atrial pressure is much more
lower than the left ventricular pressure what does this indicate
False ANSW✅✅Two or false the size of a color flow jet is always related to the volume of blood
creating the jet
75% ANSW✅✅What is the normal O2 saturation of blood in the pulmonary artery
5MM HG ANSW✅✅What is a typical value for mean right atrial pressure
Grade 5 of 6 ANSW✅✅A thrill is most like associated with which of the following murmurs
2 of 6 ANSW✅✅Which of the following grades represents a murmur that is most faint
Pulmonic insufficiency ANSW✅✅Which of the following flow patterns is most likely to be the
longest
False ANSW✅✅True or false the hemodynamic evaluation of MR is performed during diastole