CCI ECHO TEST RCS REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ANSWERS
Afterload ANSW✅✅Composed of myocardial wall stress, arterial pressure, resistance, and
impedance
Tricuspid stenosis ANSW✅✅Causes right ventricle to shrink due to blood pooling in the atrium
Mechanical valve infections ANSW✅✅Localized to prosthesis-tissue junction, detectable at 3mm
or larger via TTE
Cardiac rhabdomyoma ANSW✅✅Benign tumor derived from striated muscle in children
Cardiac myxoma ANSW✅✅Most common benign heart tumor in adults, often in left atrium
Acyanotic heart disease ANSW✅✅Includes defects like ASD, VSD, and PDA, increasing pulmonary
blood flow
True aneurysm ANSW✅✅Involves all three layers of an arterial vessel wall
M-Mode study ANSW✅✅Obtained at standardized level between tips of mitral valve leaflets and
posterior papillary muscle
Mitral stenosis diagnosis ANSW✅✅Definitive with thickened valve, reduced orifice area <2.0 cm2
Pericardiectomy ANSW✅✅Post-surgery echocardiography shows RV enlargement with
paradoxical septal motion
Pericardial effusion ANSW✅✅Appears as anechoic space between hyperechoic pericardial layers
, HIPAA ANSW✅✅Regulates privacy of medical information for anyone working in a U.S. medical
facility
Mean gradient ANSW✅✅Correlates with Doppler assessment of pressure gradient across a valve
Loeffler syndrome ANSW✅✅Associated with high eosinophil levels, restrictive cardiomyopathy
Isovolumetric contraction ANSW✅✅Phase where ventricle volume remains constant during
contraction
Pericardium function ANSW✅✅Limits ventricular filling, protects heart, reduces friction, allows
contraction
Pericardium ANSW✅✅Surrounds heart, reduces friction, aids contraction, prevents infection.
Vena contracta ANSW✅✅Width ≥7mm indicates severe mitral regurgitation.
Patent foramen ovale ANSW✅✅Allows blood shunting between atria, common in 25%
population.
Transesophageal transducers ANSW✅✅Require high-level disinfectant, not thermal sterilization.
Incisura ANSW✅✅Occurs immediately after aortic valve closure in aortic pressure wave.
Porcine bioprosthetic valves ANSW✅✅Low risk of valvular rejection, offer lower gradients.
Parasternal views ANSW✅✅Obtained at 3rd intercostal space, avoid steep IVS angle.
Harmonic imaging ANSW✅✅Improves border delineation, detects wall motion, but reduces axial
resolution.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ANSWERS
Afterload ANSW✅✅Composed of myocardial wall stress, arterial pressure, resistance, and
impedance
Tricuspid stenosis ANSW✅✅Causes right ventricle to shrink due to blood pooling in the atrium
Mechanical valve infections ANSW✅✅Localized to prosthesis-tissue junction, detectable at 3mm
or larger via TTE
Cardiac rhabdomyoma ANSW✅✅Benign tumor derived from striated muscle in children
Cardiac myxoma ANSW✅✅Most common benign heart tumor in adults, often in left atrium
Acyanotic heart disease ANSW✅✅Includes defects like ASD, VSD, and PDA, increasing pulmonary
blood flow
True aneurysm ANSW✅✅Involves all three layers of an arterial vessel wall
M-Mode study ANSW✅✅Obtained at standardized level between tips of mitral valve leaflets and
posterior papillary muscle
Mitral stenosis diagnosis ANSW✅✅Definitive with thickened valve, reduced orifice area <2.0 cm2
Pericardiectomy ANSW✅✅Post-surgery echocardiography shows RV enlargement with
paradoxical septal motion
Pericardial effusion ANSW✅✅Appears as anechoic space between hyperechoic pericardial layers
, HIPAA ANSW✅✅Regulates privacy of medical information for anyone working in a U.S. medical
facility
Mean gradient ANSW✅✅Correlates with Doppler assessment of pressure gradient across a valve
Loeffler syndrome ANSW✅✅Associated with high eosinophil levels, restrictive cardiomyopathy
Isovolumetric contraction ANSW✅✅Phase where ventricle volume remains constant during
contraction
Pericardium function ANSW✅✅Limits ventricular filling, protects heart, reduces friction, allows
contraction
Pericardium ANSW✅✅Surrounds heart, reduces friction, aids contraction, prevents infection.
Vena contracta ANSW✅✅Width ≥7mm indicates severe mitral regurgitation.
Patent foramen ovale ANSW✅✅Allows blood shunting between atria, common in 25%
population.
Transesophageal transducers ANSW✅✅Require high-level disinfectant, not thermal sterilization.
Incisura ANSW✅✅Occurs immediately after aortic valve closure in aortic pressure wave.
Porcine bioprosthetic valves ANSW✅✅Low risk of valvular rejection, offer lower gradients.
Parasternal views ANSW✅✅Obtained at 3rd intercostal space, avoid steep IVS angle.
Harmonic imaging ANSW✅✅Improves border delineation, detects wall motion, but reduces axial
resolution.
