HESI BIOLOGY (NURSE HUB TESTS 1-
5) EXAMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In the hierarchic system of classification, which of the following is least inclusive? -
Answer- family
Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of water? - Answer-
Two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom
Which of the following about carbohydrates is incorrect?
They contain only two elements: carbon and oxygen.
They are polymers of sugars.
Their most important functions are providing storage, structure, and energy.
They form the backbone of important molecules such as DNA and RNA. - Answer-
They contain only two elements: carbon and oxygen.
Which of the following is a lipid that is a component of cellular membranes and a
precursor to significant hormones and drugs? - Answer- steroids
Which of the following correctly identifies the difference between saturated and
unsaturated fats? - Answer- Unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds in
their hydrocarbon tail, while saturated fats contain no double bonds.
Which molecules are considered the most important in biology? - Answer-
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism is: - Answer- Metabolism
How are plant cells different from animal cells? - Answer- Plant cells have a cell wall;
Animal cells do not have a cell wall
Where in the cell does active transport take place? - Answer- plasma membrane
Which of the following microtubules can be used to move the cell? - Answer- Flagella
What is the function of lysosomes? - Answer- digestion
What is the first step of cellular respiration when glucose is converted to pyruvate? -
Answer- Glycolysis
What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to energy production in a cell? -
Answer- Cellular respiration and fermentation
What is the role of water in photosynthesis? - Answer- Supply electrons in the light
reactions
, What are the two categories of cellular reproduction? - Answer- Sexual reproduction
and asexual reproduction
Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of water? - Answer-
Two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom
Which of the following about carbohydrates is incorrect? - Answer- They contain only
two elements: carbon and oxygen.
Saturated fats - Answer- contain no double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail. As a
result are solid at room temperature and are considered detrimental to your
cardiovascular health.
Unsaturated fats - Answer- contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon
tail. As a result are liquid at room temperature.
Phospholipids - Answer- consist of two fatty acids bonded to a phosphate group. The
phosphate group is polar and soluble in water whereas the hydrocarbon tail of the
fatty acids is nonpolar and non-soluble in water. This quality is important in the
function of cellular membranes, including the plasma membrane, as the molecules
organize themselves in a way that creates a barrier to protect the cell.
Steroids - Answer- are lipids that are a component of cellular membranes and a
precursor to significant hormones and drugs.
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism is? - Answer-
metabolism
Lysosomes - Answer- are the digestive system of the cell. Lysosomes contain
hydrolytic enzymes which allow them to hydrolyze (break down) proteins, fats,
sugars, and nucleic acids taken into the cell as well as break down other worn out
organelles within the cell.
Ribosomes - Answer- site of protein synthesis, makes protein
Vacuoles - Answer- Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts,
proteins, and carbohydrates
Mitochondria - Answer- Powerhouse of the cell, and is the cite of cellular respiration
Chloroplasts - Answer- responsible for energy production, are found in plants and
are the site of photosynthesis
Which of the following is the fundamental unit of biology? - Answer- cell
The molecule that is used as the energy currency of the cell is which of the
following? - Answer- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
How does the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by meiosis differ
from the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis? - Answer-
5) EXAMS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
In the hierarchic system of classification, which of the following is least inclusive? -
Answer- family
Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of water? - Answer-
Two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom
Which of the following about carbohydrates is incorrect?
They contain only two elements: carbon and oxygen.
They are polymers of sugars.
Their most important functions are providing storage, structure, and energy.
They form the backbone of important molecules such as DNA and RNA. - Answer-
They contain only two elements: carbon and oxygen.
Which of the following is a lipid that is a component of cellular membranes and a
precursor to significant hormones and drugs? - Answer- steroids
Which of the following correctly identifies the difference between saturated and
unsaturated fats? - Answer- Unsaturated fats contain one or more double bonds in
their hydrocarbon tail, while saturated fats contain no double bonds.
Which molecules are considered the most important in biology? - Answer-
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism is: - Answer- Metabolism
How are plant cells different from animal cells? - Answer- Plant cells have a cell wall;
Animal cells do not have a cell wall
Where in the cell does active transport take place? - Answer- plasma membrane
Which of the following microtubules can be used to move the cell? - Answer- Flagella
What is the function of lysosomes? - Answer- digestion
What is the first step of cellular respiration when glucose is converted to pyruvate? -
Answer- Glycolysis
What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to energy production in a cell? -
Answer- Cellular respiration and fermentation
What is the role of water in photosynthesis? - Answer- Supply electrons in the light
reactions
, What are the two categories of cellular reproduction? - Answer- Sexual reproduction
and asexual reproduction
Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of water? - Answer-
Two hydrogen atoms covalently bonded to one oxygen atom
Which of the following about carbohydrates is incorrect? - Answer- They contain only
two elements: carbon and oxygen.
Saturated fats - Answer- contain no double bonds in their hydrocarbon tail. As a
result are solid at room temperature and are considered detrimental to your
cardiovascular health.
Unsaturated fats - Answer- contain one or more double bonds in their hydrocarbon
tail. As a result are liquid at room temperature.
Phospholipids - Answer- consist of two fatty acids bonded to a phosphate group. The
phosphate group is polar and soluble in water whereas the hydrocarbon tail of the
fatty acids is nonpolar and non-soluble in water. This quality is important in the
function of cellular membranes, including the plasma membrane, as the molecules
organize themselves in a way that creates a barrier to protect the cell.
Steroids - Answer- are lipids that are a component of cellular membranes and a
precursor to significant hormones and drugs.
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in an organism is? - Answer-
metabolism
Lysosomes - Answer- are the digestive system of the cell. Lysosomes contain
hydrolytic enzymes which allow them to hydrolyze (break down) proteins, fats,
sugars, and nucleic acids taken into the cell as well as break down other worn out
organelles within the cell.
Ribosomes - Answer- site of protein synthesis, makes protein
Vacuoles - Answer- Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts,
proteins, and carbohydrates
Mitochondria - Answer- Powerhouse of the cell, and is the cite of cellular respiration
Chloroplasts - Answer- responsible for energy production, are found in plants and
are the site of photosynthesis
Which of the following is the fundamental unit of biology? - Answer- cell
The molecule that is used as the energy currency of the cell is which of the
following? - Answer- Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
How does the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by meiosis differ
from the number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis? - Answer-
