Pediatrics FNP Exam Quiz 1 AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+ RATED A+

Pediatrics FNP Exam Quiz 1 AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+ RATED A+ Metabolic screening - Answer- - Hypothyroidism, Phenylketonuria, Maple Syrup Disease, Urea Cycle disorder Hearing problems - Answer- Correcting hearing impairment can reduce language delays vision problems - Answer- - congenital cataract, strabismus ( corrected with glasses) What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for Inflammatory bowel disease? - Answer- Iron, Folate, selenium, magnesium, zinc, calcium, Vit D What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for Chronic diarrhea? - Answer- Zinc What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for cystic fibrosis? - Answer- Fat soluble vitamins (ADEK), protein-calorie malnutrition What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for congenital heart defects? - Answer- - Protein- calorie malnutrition What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for prematurity? - Answer- Vit D, calcium, iron What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for Liver disease - Answer- Vit K, essential fatty acid deficiency What are the possible nutrient deficiencies for Renal disease? - Answer- Zinc, copper, iron, magnesium - with dialysis: water soluble vitamins What nutrients interact with antibiotic? What is the effect? - Answer- -Minerals, fats, protein - Temporary decrease in absorption; destroys "good" bacteria What is the prevention for antibiotic- nutrient drug interaction? - Answer- Probiotics What nutrients interact with anticonvulsants? What is the effect? - Answer- - Vitamins D, K, B6, B12 folate, Ca - Decreases nutrient absorption and stores What is the prevention for anticonvulsant a- nutrient interactions? - Answer- Vitamin mineral supplement (but may influence drug efficacy ) What nutrients interact with Diuretics? What is the effect? - Answer- - K, Mg, Ca, folate - possible loss of stores; may also cause N/V/D What is the prevention for diuretic- nutrient interaction? - Answer- Food high in K, Mg; strategies to help with reduced appetite What nutrients interact with corticosteriods? What is the effect? - Answer- - Calcium, potassium, phosphorus, Vitamin C, glucose, Vit D, Zinc, water - Long-term use can cause stunting; can deplete Ca, P; can affect glucose. Can cause fluid retention, weight gain, vomiting, diarrhea. Can lead to osteoporosis What is the prevention for corticosteroid- nutrient interaction? - Answer- Monitor weight, labs, Supplemental Ca, Vit D What is the effect of Stimulants on nutrition? - Answer- - May reduce appetite, cause weight loss, affect overall growth What is the prevention for effects of stimulants on nutrition? - Answer- - Eat prior to taking meds, Monitor growth When will and infant regain birth weight? - Answer- 10-14 days old Infant will double birth weight by_____. - Answer- 4-6 months Infant will triple birth weight by_______. - Answer- 12 months During what period is the most rapid weight gain noted? - Answer- Infancy What age group has the second most rapid growth? - Answer- Adolescence What age groups are considered to have steady growth - Answer- Preschool and school age Cut- off values for weight stunting? - Answer- Less than 3rd length /height Cut- off value for underweight or wasting? - Answer- Less than 3rd weight for length Less than 90% Ideal body weight Less than 5th BMI for age What are the cut off values for Overweight? - Answer- - 85th - 95th BMI for age What is the cut off value for obesity? - Answer- >97th weight for length >95th BMI for age Definition of fever of unknown origin in children ? - Answer- Temperature > 38.3C (101 F) lasting a minimum of 8 days, with no diagnosis despite clinical and laboratory evaluation Fever without localizing signs FWLS - Answer- Acute and progressive (e.g meningitis, bacteremia) May warrant empiric antibiotics, especially in infants The first period of reactivity in newborns includes - Answer- -Sympathetic and parasympathetic system changes Sympathetic system changes in newborns - Answer- -tachycardia, rapid respirations, transient rales, grunting, flaring, retractions , falling body temperature, hypertonus, and alertness Parasympathetic system changes in newborns - Answer- - initiation of bowel sounds and the production of oral mucous When does the second period of reactivity in newborns occur? - Answer- - after an interval of sleep; during this time the oral mucus production again becomes evident , HR becomes labile, newborn more responsive to stimuli, meconium is often passed. When is the initial APGAR performed? - Answer- At 1 and 5 minutes of age What does APGAR Assess? - Answer- A- Appearance, P-pulse, G- Grimace, A- Activity, R-Respiratory APGAR score 8-10 - Answer- Vigorous, pink, and crying. Requires only warming, drying, gentle stimulation. Occasionally requires oxygen for a short period. APGAR Score of 5 to 7 - Answer- Cyanosis. Slow irregular respirations. Good muscle tone and reflexes. Responds to bag and mask ventilation. This score requires simulation of the infant and continued reevaluation. APGAR score 0-4 - Answer- Limp, pale or blue. Aeneid, slow HR. Maximal resuscitative efforts with bag and mask, chest chest compressions, IV expansion, and drug therapy . This score requires resuscitation and immediate intervention