SCNM Q4 MICRO MIDTERM EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the 3 main components of viruses? - ANS 1 - Capsid - protein coat
2 - Nucleic Acid - DNA/RNA
3 - Receptor Binding Protein
Viruses are specific to cells they're going to infect (T/F) - ANS True
Ex. :
Polio - lymphoid tissue, Peyer's patches
HIV - binds to CD4+ receptors
Most viruses don't want to kill you (T/F) - ANS True
they just want to get into the body and use resources to make babies, then spread to a new
host before the immune system kicks in and kills them
Which virus was eliminated from human population thru vaccinations and only replicates in
humans - ANS small pox
Influenza H1N1 is - ANS most deadly virus that could create a major pandemic
Which virus is highly infectious but not as scary as Influenza H1N1 - ANS Ebola
1 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, if there's no contact there's no infection
What are the 2 types of viruses? - ANS non-enveloped and enveloped
What is an example of a non-enveloped virus? - ANS Polio
HPV
-they last longer; not as sensitive to drying out
What are examples of enveloped virus? - ANS HIV
Influenza
What makes enveloped viruses unique that non-enveloped viruses dont have? - ANS Lipid
bilayer membrane
Receptor binding proteins on the outside
What are the 2 ways viruses enter the body? - ANS 1 - Endocytosis - Polio/Herpes
2 - Membrane Fusion - HIV (the same protein going in is the same protein going out
In endocytosis the viruses enters the cell and fuses with the - ANS lysosome, releases nucleic
acids, copies nucleic acids and translates baby viruses which then lyse out of the cell
In membrane fusion, the virus enters the cell, releases nucleic acids in 2 directions - ANS 1 -
Proteins are transported to the ER --> Golgi -->then to the plasma membrane to be exocytosed
2 - Synthesize/copy nucleic acids and make baby viruses --> to be embedded in the cell --> then
later exocytosed
How is astragalus an immune stimulatory/modulatory? - ANS it stimulates the anti-viral
pathway stimulating:
2 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What are the 3 main components of viruses? - ANS 1 - Capsid - protein coat
2 - Nucleic Acid - DNA/RNA
3 - Receptor Binding Protein
Viruses are specific to cells they're going to infect (T/F) - ANS True
Ex. :
Polio - lymphoid tissue, Peyer's patches
HIV - binds to CD4+ receptors
Most viruses don't want to kill you (T/F) - ANS True
they just want to get into the body and use resources to make babies, then spread to a new
host before the immune system kicks in and kills them
Which virus was eliminated from human population thru vaccinations and only replicates in
humans - ANS small pox
Influenza H1N1 is - ANS most deadly virus that could create a major pandemic
Which virus is highly infectious but not as scary as Influenza H1N1 - ANS Ebola
1 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
, if there's no contact there's no infection
What are the 2 types of viruses? - ANS non-enveloped and enveloped
What is an example of a non-enveloped virus? - ANS Polio
HPV
-they last longer; not as sensitive to drying out
What are examples of enveloped virus? - ANS HIV
Influenza
What makes enveloped viruses unique that non-enveloped viruses dont have? - ANS Lipid
bilayer membrane
Receptor binding proteins on the outside
What are the 2 ways viruses enter the body? - ANS 1 - Endocytosis - Polio/Herpes
2 - Membrane Fusion - HIV (the same protein going in is the same protein going out
In endocytosis the viruses enters the cell and fuses with the - ANS lysosome, releases nucleic
acids, copies nucleic acids and translates baby viruses which then lyse out of the cell
In membrane fusion, the virus enters the cell, releases nucleic acids in 2 directions - ANS 1 -
Proteins are transported to the ER --> Golgi -->then to the plasma membrane to be exocytosed
2 - Synthesize/copy nucleic acids and make baby viruses --> to be embedded in the cell --> then
later exocytosed
How is astragalus an immune stimulatory/modulatory? - ANS it stimulates the anti-viral
pathway stimulating:
2 Copyright ©2025 FYNDLAY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
