5.0 Aquatic & Mosquito
Explain the importance of emergency planning. - CORRECT ANSWER--pesticide spills
or fires can affect public health and environment over large areas and sometimes for
years
-personal financial losses can occur from cleanup costs, liability claims, and fines and
penalties
-firefighters and first responders at risk
Explain what triggers your need to comply with emergency planning and Community
Right-to-Know reporting requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER--if you store or use any
listed extremely hazardous substances in a quantity at or greater than its threshold
planning quantity (TPQ), then you must comply and report to proper agencies.
-employers who are subject to OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard are also
subject to Community Right-to-Know reporting requirements
Describe who you must report to if you do need to comply with these requirements. -
CORRECT ANSWER--Wisconsin Emergency Management agency (WEM)
-Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)
List the main features of a facility site plan. - CORRECT ANSWER--include any stored
chemicals that appear on the SARA substances list
-phone #s of emergency response personnel
-sketch or aerial photo of facility showing the location of chemical and fuel storage areas
Define what constitutes a spill. - CORRECT ANSWER--a spill is a release of a
compound into the environment (air, water, soil) in any manner other than its intended
use
List the agencies that you may need to report a spill to. - CORRECT ANSWER--
Wisconsin Spill Hotline
Describe some of the conditions where you would need to report a spill. - CORRECT
ANSWER--spill poses risk to people or the environment
List the "3 Cs" of spill management. - CORRECT ANSWER--Control
-Contain
-Clean
Explain in more detail what to do in each of the 3 Cs stages. - CORRECT ANSWER--
*Control*: prevent further release of material; plug leaks; transfer contents to new
container; or turn off pumps
,-*Contain*: contain spilled material; construct a dam to stop spread; DON'T let it get into
surface or ground water; isolate spill area to keep people away; liquid spills can be
contained via absorbent materials like spill pillows
-*Clean*: decontaminate/neutralize spill area if necessary; clean up via instructions on
product label, from manufacturer's emergency number, or SDS
-*Contact* --> Wisconsin Spill Hotline
Specify who is responsible for spill clean up and for the follow-up report on a spill. -
CORRECT ANSWER--YOU!
-the DNR requires you to submit a written follow-up report
Know the Law: T/F Under the Community-Right-To-Know Law, certain aspects of
emergency planning are required when you store some pesticide products? -
CORRECT ANSWER-True
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Submergent aquatic plants (both pondweeds and plants with whorled
leaves) - CORRECT ANSWER--*growth habits*: grow mostly under water surface,
pondweeds sometimes have floating leaves in addition to their submerged leaves;
whorled-leaf plants grow underwater with whorled leaf attachments
-*means of dispersal*: pondweeds have extensive root systems, runners, and can also
reproduce from seeds; plants with whorled leaves can disperse when uprooted by
breaking free and getting moved by the wind
-*potential problems*: most pondweeds not nuisance except for curlyleaf pondweed and
sometimes sago pondweed; whorled leaf plants can uproot and break free easily and
drift with wind to clutter shoreline; Eurasian watermilfoil is an aggressive non-native that
can affect habitat and restrict recreation. Raking is required to remove these clutters.
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Free-floating and rooted floating-leaved aquatic plants - CORRECT
ANSWER--*growth habits*: occur on water surface and can be free-floating or rooted
with large floating leaves
-*means of dispersal*: free floating plants are easily windblown. rooted ones not so
much
-*potential problems*: free-floating plants accumulate on shorelines and are difficult to
control in large waterbodies; rooted plants are rarely a nuisance.
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Free-floating, filamentous, and "rooted" algae - CORRECT ANSWER--
*growth habits*: found free-floating (planktonic) or attached to submerged surfaces
(filamentous or "rooted").
-*means of dispersal*: multiply rapidly in warm weather;
,-*potential problems*: free-floating algae responsible for many nuisance algal blooms
(release toxin, low DO, blue-green algae); removing rooted algae can allow worse
species to come in so don't mess with them.
List the advantages and disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae -
CORRECT ANSWER-*Advantages*:
-offer longer-lasting control than some mechanical methods
-less physical labor
-ultimately cost less
-important tool for specific nuisance plants/algae such as Eurasian watermilfoil and
purple loosestrife
*Disadvantages*:
-restrictions on water use
-oxygen depletion and fish kills
-sudden nutrient release into water can lead to other plant or algae problems
-risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations. - CORRECT ANSWER--
maintain balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish &
provide a food source for natural predators
-fishing for food/sport is popular in WI and ddepends on healthy populations
-fish farms and hatcheries raise fish for food, feed, fertilizer, bait, and to release
List 5 types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - CORRECT ANSWER-
-eliminating undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds
-removing exotic and other undesirable species from a waterbody
-thinning stunted fish to bring a population into balance
-eliminating fish from a hatchery water supply to prevent a potential reservoir of
disease-causing organisms
-treating fish spawning sites to prevent overpopulation of an individual species
Explain why post-treatment management can be important in the long-term success of a
pesticide treatment project. - CORRECT ANSWER--because when fish populations are
lowered, density-dependent population growth allows the population to rebound if not
managed post-treatment
Know the Law: Who do you need to get approval from to conduct any chemical
treatment for fish control? - CORRECT ANSWER-WI DNR Aquatic Plant Management
Program
List the 2 main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted. - CORRECT
ANSWER--nuisance
-disease
, Describe the 4 stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features of
each - CORRECT ANSWER--*egg*: laid in water, hatch in ~3 days, some laid on dry
land and hatch when flooded
-*larva*: "wiggler", 4 instars with molting in between each, filterers, air tube to breath
from surface
-*pupa*: comma shaped, non-feeding, lasts a few days, contain respiratory trumpets,
"tumblers"
-*adult*: 1 pair wings, elongated probiscis, pair of antennae, males have bushy
antennae while females have short and sparse antennae
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem. - CORRECT ANSWER--
producing oxygen
-preventing shoreline erosion
-lessening excess nutrients during growing season
-stabilizing lake bottom
-providing food and habitat for fish, waterfowl, and other aquatic animals
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a
water body. - CORRECT ANSWER--harm ecology of aquatic ecosystem
-curtail or prevent recreational water uses (e.g. fishing, boating, swimming)
-impart tastes or odors to drinking water
-hamper water treatment operations
-adversely affect aesthetics, resort trade, and waterfront property values
-produce toxins that harm animals drinking the water
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Emergent aquatic plants - CORRECT ANSWER--*growth habits*: rooted in
shallow water, most growth above water
-*means of dispersal*: underground root systems
-*potential problems*: very dense and may exclude recreational pursuits like boating,
fishing, and swimming. Purple loosestrife is an example of a problem species.
List the types of info you need about a mosquito species before you can develop an
effective program to control it. - CORRECT ANSWER--the types and locations of
breeding sites
-# of generations per year
-host preference of the females (what animals they prefer to get blood from)
-seasonal population levels and how rainfall affects them
-their flight range
-common resting areas
-whether the species can transmit pathogens that may be present in your area
-whether the mosquitoes carry pathogens that are present in wildlife populations
Describe the habits of Aedes triseriatus, Aedes vexans, and Culex pipiens species of
mosquitoes. - CORRECT ANSWER--*Aedes triseriatus*: tree-hole mosquito; breeds in
Explain the importance of emergency planning. - CORRECT ANSWER--pesticide spills
or fires can affect public health and environment over large areas and sometimes for
years
-personal financial losses can occur from cleanup costs, liability claims, and fines and
penalties
-firefighters and first responders at risk
Explain what triggers your need to comply with emergency planning and Community
Right-to-Know reporting requirements. - CORRECT ANSWER--if you store or use any
listed extremely hazardous substances in a quantity at or greater than its threshold
planning quantity (TPQ), then you must comply and report to proper agencies.
-employers who are subject to OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard are also
subject to Community Right-to-Know reporting requirements
Describe who you must report to if you do need to comply with these requirements. -
CORRECT ANSWER--Wisconsin Emergency Management agency (WEM)
-Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC)
List the main features of a facility site plan. - CORRECT ANSWER--include any stored
chemicals that appear on the SARA substances list
-phone #s of emergency response personnel
-sketch or aerial photo of facility showing the location of chemical and fuel storage areas
Define what constitutes a spill. - CORRECT ANSWER--a spill is a release of a
compound into the environment (air, water, soil) in any manner other than its intended
use
List the agencies that you may need to report a spill to. - CORRECT ANSWER--
Wisconsin Spill Hotline
Describe some of the conditions where you would need to report a spill. - CORRECT
ANSWER--spill poses risk to people or the environment
List the "3 Cs" of spill management. - CORRECT ANSWER--Control
-Contain
-Clean
Explain in more detail what to do in each of the 3 Cs stages. - CORRECT ANSWER--
*Control*: prevent further release of material; plug leaks; transfer contents to new
container; or turn off pumps
,-*Contain*: contain spilled material; construct a dam to stop spread; DON'T let it get into
surface or ground water; isolate spill area to keep people away; liquid spills can be
contained via absorbent materials like spill pillows
-*Clean*: decontaminate/neutralize spill area if necessary; clean up via instructions on
product label, from manufacturer's emergency number, or SDS
-*Contact* --> Wisconsin Spill Hotline
Specify who is responsible for spill clean up and for the follow-up report on a spill. -
CORRECT ANSWER--YOU!
-the DNR requires you to submit a written follow-up report
Know the Law: T/F Under the Community-Right-To-Know Law, certain aspects of
emergency planning are required when you store some pesticide products? -
CORRECT ANSWER-True
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Submergent aquatic plants (both pondweeds and plants with whorled
leaves) - CORRECT ANSWER--*growth habits*: grow mostly under water surface,
pondweeds sometimes have floating leaves in addition to their submerged leaves;
whorled-leaf plants grow underwater with whorled leaf attachments
-*means of dispersal*: pondweeds have extensive root systems, runners, and can also
reproduce from seeds; plants with whorled leaves can disperse when uprooted by
breaking free and getting moved by the wind
-*potential problems*: most pondweeds not nuisance except for curlyleaf pondweed and
sometimes sago pondweed; whorled leaf plants can uproot and break free easily and
drift with wind to clutter shoreline; Eurasian watermilfoil is an aggressive non-native that
can affect habitat and restrict recreation. Raking is required to remove these clutters.
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Free-floating and rooted floating-leaved aquatic plants - CORRECT
ANSWER--*growth habits*: occur on water surface and can be free-floating or rooted
with large floating leaves
-*means of dispersal*: free floating plants are easily windblown. rooted ones not so
much
-*potential problems*: free-floating plants accumulate on shorelines and are difficult to
control in large waterbodies; rooted plants are rarely a nuisance.
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Free-floating, filamentous, and "rooted" algae - CORRECT ANSWER--
*growth habits*: found free-floating (planktonic) or attached to submerged surfaces
(filamentous or "rooted").
-*means of dispersal*: multiply rapidly in warm weather;
,-*potential problems*: free-floating algae responsible for many nuisance algal blooms
(release toxin, low DO, blue-green algae); removing rooted algae can allow worse
species to come in so don't mess with them.
List the advantages and disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae -
CORRECT ANSWER-*Advantages*:
-offer longer-lasting control than some mechanical methods
-less physical labor
-ultimately cost less
-important tool for specific nuisance plants/algae such as Eurasian watermilfoil and
purple loosestrife
*Disadvantages*:
-restrictions on water use
-oxygen depletion and fish kills
-sudden nutrient release into water can lead to other plant or algae problems
-risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations. - CORRECT ANSWER--
maintain balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish &
provide a food source for natural predators
-fishing for food/sport is popular in WI and ddepends on healthy populations
-fish farms and hatcheries raise fish for food, feed, fertilizer, bait, and to release
List 5 types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - CORRECT ANSWER-
-eliminating undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds
-removing exotic and other undesirable species from a waterbody
-thinning stunted fish to bring a population into balance
-eliminating fish from a hatchery water supply to prevent a potential reservoir of
disease-causing organisms
-treating fish spawning sites to prevent overpopulation of an individual species
Explain why post-treatment management can be important in the long-term success of a
pesticide treatment project. - CORRECT ANSWER--because when fish populations are
lowered, density-dependent population growth allows the population to rebound if not
managed post-treatment
Know the Law: Who do you need to get approval from to conduct any chemical
treatment for fish control? - CORRECT ANSWER-WI DNR Aquatic Plant Management
Program
List the 2 main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted. - CORRECT
ANSWER--nuisance
-disease
, Describe the 4 stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features of
each - CORRECT ANSWER--*egg*: laid in water, hatch in ~3 days, some laid on dry
land and hatch when flooded
-*larva*: "wiggler", 4 instars with molting in between each, filterers, air tube to breath
from surface
-*pupa*: comma shaped, non-feeding, lasts a few days, contain respiratory trumpets,
"tumblers"
-*adult*: 1 pair wings, elongated probiscis, pair of antennae, males have bushy
antennae while females have short and sparse antennae
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem. - CORRECT ANSWER--
producing oxygen
-preventing shoreline erosion
-lessening excess nutrients during growing season
-stabilizing lake bottom
-providing food and habitat for fish, waterfowl, and other aquatic animals
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a
water body. - CORRECT ANSWER--harm ecology of aquatic ecosystem
-curtail or prevent recreational water uses (e.g. fishing, boating, swimming)
-impart tastes or odors to drinking water
-hamper water treatment operations
-adversely affect aesthetics, resort trade, and waterfront property values
-produce toxins that harm animals drinking the water
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal and potential problems
caused by: Emergent aquatic plants - CORRECT ANSWER--*growth habits*: rooted in
shallow water, most growth above water
-*means of dispersal*: underground root systems
-*potential problems*: very dense and may exclude recreational pursuits like boating,
fishing, and swimming. Purple loosestrife is an example of a problem species.
List the types of info you need about a mosquito species before you can develop an
effective program to control it. - CORRECT ANSWER--the types and locations of
breeding sites
-# of generations per year
-host preference of the females (what animals they prefer to get blood from)
-seasonal population levels and how rainfall affects them
-their flight range
-common resting areas
-whether the species can transmit pathogens that may be present in your area
-whether the mosquitoes carry pathogens that are present in wildlife populations
Describe the habits of Aedes triseriatus, Aedes vexans, and Culex pipiens species of
mosquitoes. - CORRECT ANSWER--*Aedes triseriatus*: tree-hole mosquito; breeds in
