answers graded A+
what are the 3 things coaches should be aware about when transmitting to players - correct
answer ✔✔kinesics (body language)
proxemics (social distance or territoriality)
paralanguage (inflection or tone)
kinesics - correct answer ✔✔body language used to convey a message in the communication
process; it involves visual gaze posture, facial gestures, and hand movements
LeUnes & Nation (1982) study of authoritarian personality - correct answer ✔✔most coaches
are ex-players who choose to enter the profession upon graduation.
the 1982 study of collegiate football players shows, when compared with a sample of college
peers who played high school football and a sample of nonathletes, football players were
significantly more authoritarian on every subscale and total score than the other 2 groups.
assessment device used the California F-Scale
the stereotype that coaches are authoritarian is not strongly supported bc there was a low
number of authoritarian players and these players may be the ones going into coaching rather
than authoritarian players.
california f-scale - correct answer ✔✔a traditional measure of authoritarianism or psychological
rigidity
, 9 subscales of california f-scale - correct answer ✔✔conventionalism: rigid adherence to middle
class values
authoritarian submission: submissive, uncritical of authority
authoritarian aggression: tendency to punish those violating conventional middle-class values
destructiveness & cynicism: hostility, cynical attitude and vilification the human
power & toughness: preoccupation w power, strong/weak, dominance/submission &
assertion/strength
superstition & stereotypy: belief in mystical determinants; see things rigidly, black & white
anti-intraception: distrust of tender feelings & emotions ; opposition to the subjective, the
imaginative, the tender-minded
projectivity: belief that wild & dangerous things go on in the world; projection of hostility, fears,
sexuality
sex: exaggerated concern w sexual goings-on; desire to punish those violated sexual norms
the machiavellian personality - correct answer ✔✔in coaching, one who manipulates others
indirectly rather than laying down the law (in other words, tendency to be manipulative in social
interactions)
christie and geis (1970) interested in this, drawing from the writings of machiavelli (the prince
and the discourses) they devised a scale i.e. the mach scale