PBSI 330 Exam 1 review (updated)
questions with complete solutions
What is personality? - correct answer ✔✔The unique and (relatively) enduring set of behaviors,
feelings, and thoughts that characterize an individual.
Unique: - correct answer ✔✔Features that differentiate people from one another. (Individual
differences)
Enduring: - correct answer ✔✔Qualities that are at least somewhat consistent across situations
& over time (usual)
personality involves distinctive patterns of feelings, thinking and behaviors - correct answer
✔✔true
Personality qualities are at least somewhat consistent over time - correct answer ✔✔true
We can make some predictions about a person's behavior based on their personality - correct
answer ✔✔true
Personality is only an aspect of social interaction and do not typically fit into other aspects of life
- correct answer ✔✔false
Personality psychology is a subfield within psychology, similar to social or IO psych - correct
answer ✔✔false
,If we know about a person's personality, we know exactly how they will behave - correct answer
✔✔false
What is the psychological triad and what's included within it? - correct answer ✔✔How people
behave, how people feel, how people think
Address all 3 of these psychological features in combination
Understand how personality fits into psychology. Is it considered a field in psychology? - correct
answer ✔✔Personality psychology is a hub topic at the center of various subareas within
psychology- not considered a field in psych.
Is in clinical psychology, neuroscience, developmental psych, social psych, I-O psych
Describe the two sides of the person-situation debate - correct answer ✔✔Person→ different
people respond differently to the same situation
Individual differences/personality→ observable behaviors/predictable
Person- personality traits predict behavior and are relatively stable across different situations
Situation- the view that situation is much more important and personality doesn't really exist
A person acts differently in different situations
Understand how the debate was resolved (i.e., what is currently accepted?) - correct answer
✔✔both personality and situation influence behavior (interactionism)
Explain how personality & situation/context interact - correct answer ✔✔people choose and
alter their situations, personality can be impacted by experiences, people respond differently to
the same situation, people change the situations they enter
Have a general idea why studying personality can be so challenging. - correct answer ✔✔There
are no perfect indicators of personality; there are only clues
, clues are ambiguous
reliability - correct answer ✔✔consistency, generalizes across time, items, raters
validity - correct answer ✔✔accuracy, measures what it is supposed to measure
test-retest reliability - correct answer ✔✔repeatedly taking the test you should yield the same
results
internal reliability - correct answer ✔✔when all of the items on the scale measure the same
concept
inter-rater reliability - correct answer ✔✔consistency across participants/raters
face validity - correct answer ✔✔the items appear to measure what they are supposed to
measure
predictive ability - correct answer ✔✔the assessment is related to a specific behavior or
outcome (can the test predict outcomes?)
convergent validity - correct answer ✔✔the scale correlates with expected scales/assessments
discriminant validity - correct answer ✔✔the scale does NOT correlate with unrelated
scales/assessments
factors that can affect reliability and validity - correct answer ✔✔The state of the participant,
State of the experimenter,
Variation in the environment,
questions with complete solutions
What is personality? - correct answer ✔✔The unique and (relatively) enduring set of behaviors,
feelings, and thoughts that characterize an individual.
Unique: - correct answer ✔✔Features that differentiate people from one another. (Individual
differences)
Enduring: - correct answer ✔✔Qualities that are at least somewhat consistent across situations
& over time (usual)
personality involves distinctive patterns of feelings, thinking and behaviors - correct answer
✔✔true
Personality qualities are at least somewhat consistent over time - correct answer ✔✔true
We can make some predictions about a person's behavior based on their personality - correct
answer ✔✔true
Personality is only an aspect of social interaction and do not typically fit into other aspects of life
- correct answer ✔✔false
Personality psychology is a subfield within psychology, similar to social or IO psych - correct
answer ✔✔false
,If we know about a person's personality, we know exactly how they will behave - correct answer
✔✔false
What is the psychological triad and what's included within it? - correct answer ✔✔How people
behave, how people feel, how people think
Address all 3 of these psychological features in combination
Understand how personality fits into psychology. Is it considered a field in psychology? - correct
answer ✔✔Personality psychology is a hub topic at the center of various subareas within
psychology- not considered a field in psych.
Is in clinical psychology, neuroscience, developmental psych, social psych, I-O psych
Describe the two sides of the person-situation debate - correct answer ✔✔Person→ different
people respond differently to the same situation
Individual differences/personality→ observable behaviors/predictable
Person- personality traits predict behavior and are relatively stable across different situations
Situation- the view that situation is much more important and personality doesn't really exist
A person acts differently in different situations
Understand how the debate was resolved (i.e., what is currently accepted?) - correct answer
✔✔both personality and situation influence behavior (interactionism)
Explain how personality & situation/context interact - correct answer ✔✔people choose and
alter their situations, personality can be impacted by experiences, people respond differently to
the same situation, people change the situations they enter
Have a general idea why studying personality can be so challenging. - correct answer ✔✔There
are no perfect indicators of personality; there are only clues
, clues are ambiguous
reliability - correct answer ✔✔consistency, generalizes across time, items, raters
validity - correct answer ✔✔accuracy, measures what it is supposed to measure
test-retest reliability - correct answer ✔✔repeatedly taking the test you should yield the same
results
internal reliability - correct answer ✔✔when all of the items on the scale measure the same
concept
inter-rater reliability - correct answer ✔✔consistency across participants/raters
face validity - correct answer ✔✔the items appear to measure what they are supposed to
measure
predictive ability - correct answer ✔✔the assessment is related to a specific behavior or
outcome (can the test predict outcomes?)
convergent validity - correct answer ✔✔the scale correlates with expected scales/assessments
discriminant validity - correct answer ✔✔the scale does NOT correlate with unrelated
scales/assessments
factors that can affect reliability and validity - correct answer ✔✔The state of the participant,
State of the experimenter,
Variation in the environment,
