Table of Contents
Table of Contents 1
Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing 2
Chapter 02: Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion
8
Chapter 03: Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion 22
Chapter 04: Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child 39
Chapter 05: Pain Assessment and Management in Children 68
Chapter 06: Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases 77
Chapter 07: Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family 92
Chapter 08: Health Problems of Newborns 115
Chapter 09: Health Promotion of the Infant and Family 137
Chapter 10: Health Problems of Infants 148
Chapter 11: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family 157
Chapter 12: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family 168
Chapter 13: Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers 175
Chapter 14: Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family 189
Chapter 15: Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family 196
Chapter 16: Health Problems of School-Age Children and Adolescents 203
Chapter 17: Quality of Life for Children Living with Chronic or Complex Diseases 216
Chapter 18: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family 228
Chapter 19: Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization 240
Chapter 20: Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions 253
Chapter 21: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction 268
Chapter 22: The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction 283
Chapter 23: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction 300
Chapter 24: The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction 314
Chapter 25: The Child with Cancer 329
Chapter 26: The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction 357
Chapter 27: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction 369
Chapter 28: The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction 384
Chapter 29: The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction 393
Chapter 30: The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction 405
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
, Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement explains why the
nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
a. Life-span statistics are included in the data.
b. It explains effectiveness of treatment.
c. Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
d. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
ANS: D
Analysis of morbidity and mortality data provides the parents with information about which groups of
individuals are at risk for which health problems. Life-span statistics is a part of the mortality data. Treatment
modalities and cost are not included in morbidity and mortality data.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 6
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for parents of school-age
children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity in the teaching plan?
a. Type I diabetes
b. Respiratory disease
c. Celiac disease
d. Type II diabetes
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: D
Childhood obesity has been associated with the rise of type II diabetes in children. Type I diabetes is not
associated with obesity and has a genetic component. Respiratory disease is not associated with obesity, and
celiac disease is the inability to metabolize gluten in foods and is not associated with obesity.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
a. Congenital anomalies
b. Sudden infant death syndrome
c. Respiratory distress syndrome
d. Bacterial sepsis of the newborn
ANS: A
Congenital anomalies account for 20.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year. Sudden infant death
syndrome accounts for 8.2% of deaths in this age group. Respiratory distress syndrome accounts for 3.4% of
deaths in this age group. Infections specific to the perinatal period account for 2.7% of deaths in this age group
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 7
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. Which leading cause of death topic should the nurse emphasize to a group of African-American boys
ranging in ages 15 to 19 years?
, a. Suicide
b. Cancer
c. Firearm homicide
d. Occupational injuries
ANS: C
Firearm homicide is the second overall cause of death in this age group and the leading cause of death in
African-American males. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death in this population. Cancer, although a
major health problem, is the fourth-leading cause of death in this age group. Occupational injuries do not
contribute to a significant death rate for this age group.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 5
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. Which is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year?
a. Cancer
b. Heart disease
c. Unintentional injuries
d. Congenital anomalies
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: C
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
Congenital anomalies are the leading cause of death in those younger than 1 year. Cancer ranks either second
or fourth, depending on the age group, and heart disease ranks fifth in the majority of the age groups.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which is the leading cause of death from unintentional injuries for females ranging in age from 1 to 14?
a. Mechanical suffocation
b. Drowning
c. Motorvehicle-related fatalities
d. Fire- and burn-related fatalities
ANS: C
Motorvehicle-related fatalities are the leading cause of death for females ranging in age from 1 to 14, either as
passengers or as pedestrians. Mechanical suffocation is fourth or fifth, depending on the age. Drowning is the
second- or third-leading cause of death, depending on the age. Fire- and burn-related fatalities are the second-
leading cause of death.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 4
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the childs age?
a. Physical health of the child
b. Developmental level of the child
c. Educational level of the child
d. Number of responsible adults in the home
, ANS: B
The childs developmental stage determines the type of injury that is likely to occur. The childs physical health
may facilitate the childs recovery from an injury but does not impact the type of injury. Educational level is
related to developmental level, but it is not as important as the childs developmental level in determining the
type of injury. The number of responsible adults in the home may affect the number of unintentional injuries,
but the type of injury is related to the childs developmental stage.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. Which is now referred to as the new morbidity?
a. Limitations in the major activities of daily living
b. Unintentional injuries that cause chronic health problems
c. Discoveries of new therapies to treat health problems
d. Behavioral, social, and educational problems that alter health
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: D
The new morbidity reflects the behavioral, social, and educational problems that interfere with the childs social
and academic development. It is currently estimated that the incidence of these issues is from 5% to 30%.
Limitations in major activities of daily living and unintentional injuries that result in chronic health problems
are included in morbidity data. Discovery of new therapies would be reflected in changes in morbidity data
over time.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. A nurse on a pediatric unit is practicing family-centered care. Which is most descriptive of the care the nurse
is delivering?
a. Taking over total care of the child to reduce stress on the family
b. Encouraging family dependence on health care systems
c. Recognizing that the family is the constant in a childs life
d. Excluding families from the decision-making process
ANS: C
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-centered
care recognizes the family as the constant in the childs life. Taking over total care does not include the family
in the process and may increase stress instead of reducing stress. The family should be enabled and empowered
to work with the health care system. The family is expected to be part of the decision-making process.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
10. The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for pediatric patients. Which
intervention should the nurse include?
a. Prepare the child for separation from parents during hospitalization by reviewing a video.
b. Prepare the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating on a stuffed animal.
c. Help the child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization.
d. Help the child accept pain that is connected with a treatment or procedure.
ANS: B
Table of Contents 1
Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing 2
Chapter 02: Family, Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion
8
Chapter 03: Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion 22
Chapter 04: Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child 39
Chapter 05: Pain Assessment and Management in Children 68
Chapter 06: Childhood Communicable and Infectious Diseases 77
Chapter 07: Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family 92
Chapter 08: Health Problems of Newborns 115
Chapter 09: Health Promotion of the Infant and Family 137
Chapter 10: Health Problems of Infants 148
Chapter 11: Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family 157
Chapter 12: Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family 168
Chapter 13: Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers 175
Chapter 14: Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family 189
Chapter 15: Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family 196
Chapter 16: Health Problems of School-Age Children and Adolescents 203
Chapter 17: Quality of Life for Children Living with Chronic or Complex Diseases 216
Chapter 18: Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family 228
Chapter 19: Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization 240
Chapter 20: Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions 253
Chapter 21: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction 268
Chapter 22: The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction 283
Chapter 23: The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction 300
Chapter 24: The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction 314
Chapter 25: The Child with Cancer 329
Chapter 26: The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction 357
Chapter 27: The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction 369
Chapter 28: The Child with Endocrine Dysfunction 384
Chapter 29: The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction 393
Chapter 30: The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction 405
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
, Chapter 01: Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement explains why the
nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
a. Life-span statistics are included in the data.
b. It explains effectiveness of treatment.
c. Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
d. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
ANS: D
Analysis of morbidity and mortality data provides the parents with information about which groups of
individuals are at risk for which health problems. Life-span statistics is a part of the mortality data. Treatment
modalities and cost are not included in morbidity and mortality data.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 6
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. A clinic nurse is planning a teaching session about childhood obesity prevention for parents of school-age
children. The nurse should include which associated risk of obesity in the teaching plan?
a. Type I diabetes
b. Respiratory disease
c. Celiac disease
d. Type II diabetes
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: D
Childhood obesity has been associated with the rise of type II diabetes in children. Type I diabetes is not
associated with obesity and has a genetic component. Respiratory disease is not associated with obesity, and
celiac disease is the inability to metabolize gluten in foods and is not associated with obesity.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
3. Which is the leading cause of death in infants younger than 1 year?
a. Congenital anomalies
b. Sudden infant death syndrome
c. Respiratory distress syndrome
d. Bacterial sepsis of the newborn
ANS: A
Congenital anomalies account for 20.1% of deaths in infants younger than 1 year. Sudden infant death
syndrome accounts for 8.2% of deaths in this age group. Respiratory distress syndrome accounts for 3.4% of
deaths in this age group. Infections specific to the perinatal period account for 2.7% of deaths in this age group
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 7
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
4. Which leading cause of death topic should the nurse emphasize to a group of African-American boys
ranging in ages 15 to 19 years?
, a. Suicide
b. Cancer
c. Firearm homicide
d. Occupational injuries
ANS: C
Firearm homicide is the second overall cause of death in this age group and the leading cause of death in
African-American males. Suicide is the third-leading cause of death in this population. Cancer, although a
major health problem, is the fourth-leading cause of death in this age group. Occupational injuries do not
contribute to a significant death rate for this age group.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 5
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
5. Which is the major cause of death for children older than 1 year?
a. Cancer
b. Heart disease
c. Unintentional injuries
d. Congenital anomalies
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: C
Unintentional injuries (accidents) are the leading cause of death after age 1 year through adolescence.
Congenital anomalies are the leading cause of death in those younger than 1 year. Cancer ranks either second
or fourth, depending on the age group, and heart disease ranks fifth in the majority of the age groups.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
6. Which is the leading cause of death from unintentional injuries for females ranging in age from 1 to 14?
a. Mechanical suffocation
b. Drowning
c. Motorvehicle-related fatalities
d. Fire- and burn-related fatalities
ANS: C
Motorvehicle-related fatalities are the leading cause of death for females ranging in age from 1 to 14, either as
passengers or as pedestrians. Mechanical suffocation is fourth or fifth, depending on the age. Drowning is the
second- or third-leading cause of death, depending on the age. Fire- and burn-related fatalities are the second-
leading cause of death.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 4
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
7. Which factor most impacts the type of injury a child is susceptible to, according to the childs age?
a. Physical health of the child
b. Developmental level of the child
c. Educational level of the child
d. Number of responsible adults in the home
, ANS: B
The childs developmental stage determines the type of injury that is likely to occur. The childs physical health
may facilitate the childs recovery from an injury but does not impact the type of injury. Educational level is
related to developmental level, but it is not as important as the childs developmental level in determining the
type of injury. The number of responsible adults in the home may affect the number of unintentional injuries,
but the type of injury is related to the childs developmental stage.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Planning
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
8. Which is now referred to as the new morbidity?
a. Limitations in the major activities of daily living
b. Unintentional injuries that cause chronic health problems
c. Discoveries of new therapies to treat health problems
d. Behavioral, social, and educational problems that alter health
rights are sometimes criticized for restricting access to essential medicines. Efforts to balance the
rights of pharmaceutical companies with public health concerns include the use of compulsory
licensing, which allows governments to override patents in certain circumstances to provide access to
generic versions of drugs.#### 14.2 **Cultural Appropriation and Copyright**Cultural appropriation
is the practice of borrowing or imitating elements of a culture, often without understanding its
significance or respecting its origins. This raises ethical questions about exploitation, respect, and the
potential harm caused to marginalized communities. When it comes to intellectual property, the line
between cultural exchange and appropriation can be blurred, leading to debates about whether certain
cultural expressions
ANS: D
The new morbidity reflects the behavioral, social, and educational problems that interfere with the childs social
and academic development. It is currently estimated that the incidence of these issues is from 5% to 30%.
Limitations in major activities of daily living and unintentional injuries that result in chronic health problems
are included in morbidity data. Discovery of new therapies would be reflected in changes in morbidity data
over time.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 3
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
9. A nurse on a pediatric unit is practicing family-centered care. Which is most descriptive of the care the nurse
is delivering?
a. Taking over total care of the child to reduce stress on the family
b. Encouraging family dependence on health care systems
c. Recognizing that the family is the constant in a childs life
d. Excluding families from the decision-making process
ANS: C
The three key components of family-centered care are respect, collaboration, and support. Family-centered
care recognizes the family as the constant in the childs life. Taking over total care does not include the family
in the process and may increase stress instead of reducing stress. The family should be enabled and empowered
to work with the health care system. The family is expected to be part of the decision-making process.
PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: 8
TOP: Integrated Process: Nursing Process: Implementation
MSC: Area of Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
10. The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for pediatric patients. Which
intervention should the nurse include?
a. Prepare the child for separation from parents during hospitalization by reviewing a video.
b. Prepare the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating on a stuffed animal.
c. Help the child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization.
d. Help the child accept pain that is connected with a treatment or procedure.
ANS: B
