Pharmacology-- NU 578--Unit 1--#1
Drug - answer Any chemical that can affect living processes.
Pharmacology - answer The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Clinical Pharmacology - answer The study of drugs in humans.
Therapeutics - answer The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to
prevent pregnancy.
Effectiveness - answerA drug that elicits the responses for which it is given.
Safety - answerA drug that cannot produce harmful effects-- even if administered in very
high doses and for a very long time.
Selectivity - answerA drug that elicits only the response for which it is given
Properties of an Ideal drug - answerReversible action, Predictability, Ease of
Administration, Freedom from drug interaction, Low Cost, Chemical Stability,
Possession of a Simple Generic name.
Therapeutic Objective - answerThe objective of drug therapy is to provide maximum
benefit with minimum harm.
Factors determining intensity of drug responses - answerAdministration,
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics - answerThe processes that determine how much of an administered
dose gets to its sites of action.
Pharmacokinetic Processes - answerThe impact of the body on drugs. Drug absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Pharmacodynamics - answerThe impact of drugs on the body.
Six Rights of Drug Administration - answerRight drug, patient, dose, route, time, and
documentation.
Seven aspects of drug therapy - answerPre-administration assessment, dosage and
administration, evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects, minimizing adverse
effects, minimizing adverse reactions, making PRN decisions, and managing toxicity.
, Assessment Phase - answerCollecting data about the patient--Collection of baseline
data needed to evaluate therapeutic responses-- Collection of baseline data needed to
evaluate adverse effects--Identification of high-risk patients--Assessment of the patient's
capacity for self-care
Analysis Phase - answerAnalyze the data collected and form Nursing Dx--Judge the
appropriateness of the prescribed regimen--Identify potential health problems that the
drug might cause--Determine the patient's capacity for self-care.
Planning phase - answerNurse delineates specific interventions--Defining goals--
Establishing priorities--Identifying specific interventions-- Establishing criteria for
evaluating success
Implementation Phase - answer- Nurse carries out the interventions-- Drug
Administration-- Patient Education-- Interventions to promote therapeutic effects--
Interventions to minimize adverse effects
Evaluation Phase - answerTherapeutic responses--Adverse drug reactions and
interactions--Adherence to the prescribed regimen-- Satisfaction with treatment--How
frequently evaluations are performed depends on the expected time course of
therapeutic and adverse effects.
Seven Aspects of Drug therapy - answer1) Preadministration Assessment
2) Dosage and Administration
3) Evaluating and Promoting Therapeutic Effects
4) Minimizing Adverse Effects
5) Minimizing Adverse Reactions
6) Making PRN decisions
7) Managing Toxicity
Federal Pure Food and Drug act of 1906 - answerLaw was very weak: It required only
that drugs be free of adulterants. This law said nothing of safety or effectiveness.
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 - answerFirst legislation to address safety.
Congress required that all new drugs undergo testing for toxicity. The results of these
tests were to be reviewed by the FDA and only those drugs judged safe would receive
FDA approval for marketing.
Harris-Kefauver Amendment to the FDA Cosmetic Act - answerA major provision of the
bill is that a drug must be proved effective before marketing. It also required that all
drugs that had been introduced between 1932 and 1962 undergo testing for
effectiveness; any drug that failed to prove useful would be withdrawn. It established
rigorous procedures for testing new drugs.
Drug - answer Any chemical that can affect living processes.
Pharmacology - answer The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Clinical Pharmacology - answer The study of drugs in humans.
Therapeutics - answer The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to
prevent pregnancy.
Effectiveness - answerA drug that elicits the responses for which it is given.
Safety - answerA drug that cannot produce harmful effects-- even if administered in very
high doses and for a very long time.
Selectivity - answerA drug that elicits only the response for which it is given
Properties of an Ideal drug - answerReversible action, Predictability, Ease of
Administration, Freedom from drug interaction, Low Cost, Chemical Stability,
Possession of a Simple Generic name.
Therapeutic Objective - answerThe objective of drug therapy is to provide maximum
benefit with minimum harm.
Factors determining intensity of drug responses - answerAdministration,
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics - answerThe processes that determine how much of an administered
dose gets to its sites of action.
Pharmacokinetic Processes - answerThe impact of the body on drugs. Drug absorption,
distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
Pharmacodynamics - answerThe impact of drugs on the body.
Six Rights of Drug Administration - answerRight drug, patient, dose, route, time, and
documentation.
Seven aspects of drug therapy - answerPre-administration assessment, dosage and
administration, evaluating and promoting therapeutic effects, minimizing adverse
effects, minimizing adverse reactions, making PRN decisions, and managing toxicity.
, Assessment Phase - answerCollecting data about the patient--Collection of baseline
data needed to evaluate therapeutic responses-- Collection of baseline data needed to
evaluate adverse effects--Identification of high-risk patients--Assessment of the patient's
capacity for self-care
Analysis Phase - answerAnalyze the data collected and form Nursing Dx--Judge the
appropriateness of the prescribed regimen--Identify potential health problems that the
drug might cause--Determine the patient's capacity for self-care.
Planning phase - answerNurse delineates specific interventions--Defining goals--
Establishing priorities--Identifying specific interventions-- Establishing criteria for
evaluating success
Implementation Phase - answer- Nurse carries out the interventions-- Drug
Administration-- Patient Education-- Interventions to promote therapeutic effects--
Interventions to minimize adverse effects
Evaluation Phase - answerTherapeutic responses--Adverse drug reactions and
interactions--Adherence to the prescribed regimen-- Satisfaction with treatment--How
frequently evaluations are performed depends on the expected time course of
therapeutic and adverse effects.
Seven Aspects of Drug therapy - answer1) Preadministration Assessment
2) Dosage and Administration
3) Evaluating and Promoting Therapeutic Effects
4) Minimizing Adverse Effects
5) Minimizing Adverse Reactions
6) Making PRN decisions
7) Managing Toxicity
Federal Pure Food and Drug act of 1906 - answerLaw was very weak: It required only
that drugs be free of adulterants. This law said nothing of safety or effectiveness.
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 - answerFirst legislation to address safety.
Congress required that all new drugs undergo testing for toxicity. The results of these
tests were to be reviewed by the FDA and only those drugs judged safe would receive
FDA approval for marketing.
Harris-Kefauver Amendment to the FDA Cosmetic Act - answerA major provision of the
bill is that a drug must be proved effective before marketing. It also required that all
drugs that had been introduced between 1932 and 1962 undergo testing for
effectiveness; any drug that failed to prove useful would be withdrawn. It established
rigorous procedures for testing new drugs.
