IUPUI MICROBIOLOGY DAVIDSON
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is a prokaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-A cell without a nucleus with
no membrane bound organelles
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-bacteria
What is a eukaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-Cell with a nucleus and
membrane bound organelles
What is an example of a eukaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-plant and animal
cells, as well as parasites
What do viruses consist of? - ....ANSWER ...-Nucleic acid packaged within a
protein coat. No cell membrane
What are fimbriae? - ....ANSWER ...-hairlike appendages that allow for
attachment
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,What is the purpose of flagella? - ....ANSWER ...-helps bacteria move
around, provides motility
What is the purpose of pilli? - ....ANSWER ...-Sexual reproduction:
conjugation
Transfer DNA from one cell to another
Bacteria become resistant to drugs
What makes up the cell envelope? - ....ANSWER ...-Composed of the
glycocalyx, cell wall, cell membrane
What is the cell membrane's purpose? - ....ANSWER ...-Flexible thin skin
that encloses the cell's interior, controls in and out of substances
Increases the internal surface area for membrane function
Most enzymes needed for biochemical reactions are located on the membrane
What is the importance of the glycocalyx? - ....ANSWER ...-Coating of
macromolecules: protects the cell, helps cell adhere to its environment
Describe the glycocalyx's slime layer: - ....ANSWER ...-loose, soluble
polysaccharide; not bound to the cell; aids bacteria in colonizing surfaces (attaches
to surface)
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, Describe the glycocalyx's coating capsule layer: - ....ANSWER ...-Bound to
the cell
Thick gummy consistency
What is the importance of the glycocalyx's coating capsule layer? -
....ANSWER ...-Gives colonies a sticky, mucoid characteristic
Makes bacteria more virulent: protect bacteria from phagocytosis by the cells of
the host
Prevents drying out of bacteria
Aids in attachment to surfaces for colonization
What is made up of subunits found nowhere else in nature? -
....ANSWER ...-the cell wall
What cell structure causes symptoms of disease in many creatures and is the site of
action of some of the most effective antibiotics? - ....ANSWER ...-The cell
wall
What is the cell wall's most important job? - ....ANSWER ...-To provide
shape to the cell and to prevent it from bursting
Bacterial cytoplasm is concentrated solution of what? - ....ANSWER ...-Salts
and molecules
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
EXAM 1 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What is a prokaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-A cell without a nucleus with
no membrane bound organelles
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-bacteria
What is a eukaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-Cell with a nucleus and
membrane bound organelles
What is an example of a eukaryotic cell? - ....ANSWER ...-plant and animal
cells, as well as parasites
What do viruses consist of? - ....ANSWER ...-Nucleic acid packaged within a
protein coat. No cell membrane
What are fimbriae? - ....ANSWER ...-hairlike appendages that allow for
attachment
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,What is the purpose of flagella? - ....ANSWER ...-helps bacteria move
around, provides motility
What is the purpose of pilli? - ....ANSWER ...-Sexual reproduction:
conjugation
Transfer DNA from one cell to another
Bacteria become resistant to drugs
What makes up the cell envelope? - ....ANSWER ...-Composed of the
glycocalyx, cell wall, cell membrane
What is the cell membrane's purpose? - ....ANSWER ...-Flexible thin skin
that encloses the cell's interior, controls in and out of substances
Increases the internal surface area for membrane function
Most enzymes needed for biochemical reactions are located on the membrane
What is the importance of the glycocalyx? - ....ANSWER ...-Coating of
macromolecules: protects the cell, helps cell adhere to its environment
Describe the glycocalyx's slime layer: - ....ANSWER ...-loose, soluble
polysaccharide; not bound to the cell; aids bacteria in colonizing surfaces (attaches
to surface)
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
, Describe the glycocalyx's coating capsule layer: - ....ANSWER ...-Bound to
the cell
Thick gummy consistency
What is the importance of the glycocalyx's coating capsule layer? -
....ANSWER ...-Gives colonies a sticky, mucoid characteristic
Makes bacteria more virulent: protect bacteria from phagocytosis by the cells of
the host
Prevents drying out of bacteria
Aids in attachment to surfaces for colonization
What is made up of subunits found nowhere else in nature? -
....ANSWER ...-the cell wall
What cell structure causes symptoms of disease in many creatures and is the site of
action of some of the most effective antibiotics? - ....ANSWER ...-The cell
wall
What is the cell wall's most important job? - ....ANSWER ...-To provide
shape to the cell and to prevent it from bursting
Bacterial cytoplasm is concentrated solution of what? - ....ANSWER ...-Salts
and molecules
....COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
