COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW FOR PARAMEDIC
PROGRAM INSIDER ACCESS OF 2025/2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% SUCCESS RATE
What historical events contributed to the development of modern EMS? - Modern EMS has its
roots in military medicine, notably Napoleon's army, the US Civil War, WWI, WWII, and the
Korean War.
What was 'The White Paper' and its significance in EMS history? - Titled 'Accidental Death and
Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society' (1965), it highlighted inadequate
prehospital care and led to the National Highway Safety Act, creating the Department of
Transportation (DOT) to develop EMS standards.
Who is Dr. Peter Safar and what is his contribution to EMS? - Dr. Peter Safar is a pioneer of
CPR.
What is the significance of Dr. Nancy Caroline in the field of paramedicine? - Dr. Nancy
Caroline authored the first paramedic textbook.
What is Dr. Eugene Nagel known for in the context of paramedicine? - Dr. Eugene Nagel is
known as the 'Father of Paramedicine' and developed the first true paramedic program in Miami,
FL in 1969.
What does the EMS Systems Act of 1973 define? - The EMS Systems Act of 1973 defined 15
components of an EMS system.
What are the four levels of EMS providers? - 1. Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) - basic
immediate care. 2. Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) - basic life support. 3. Advanced EMT
(AEMT) - limited advanced life support. 4. Paramedic - highest level of prehospital care.
,What is the role of the Committee on Accreditation of Educational Programs for the EMS
Professions (CoAEMSP)? - CoAEMSP accredits paramedic programs.
What are the primary responsibilities of EMS providers? - Preparation, response, scene
management, patient assessment and care, management and disposition, patient transfer,
documentation, and return to service.
What are some professional attributes expected of EMS providers? - Integrity, empathy, self-
motivation, confidence, communication, teamwork, respect, and patient advocacy.
What is the difference between online and offline medical direction? - Online (Direct) medical
direction involves real-time orders from a physician via radio or phone, while offline (Indirect) is
guided by protocols and standing orders developed by the medical director.
What is Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) in EMS? - CQI is a process of internal and
external reviews to identify areas for improvement in patient care, focused on preventing
problems and promoting excellence.
What are the components of personal wellness for EMS providers? - Physical, mental, emotional,
and spiritual well-being are crucial for a long and healthy career.
What are some recommendations for maintaining physical health in EMS? - Focus on nutrition
(MyPlate guidelines), regular exercise (cardiovascular, strength, flexibility), weight control, and
avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol use.
How does shift work affect EMS providers? - Shift work disrupts the body's natural clock;
consistent sleep schedules and healthy habits are important to mitigate fatigue.
What is the proper technique for lifting in EMS? - Lift with your legs, not your back, coordinate
lifts, and minimize the weight you carry.
,What are Standard Precautions in EMS? - Treat all body fluids as potentially infectious.
What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its components? - PPE includes gloves
(minimum for all patient contact), eye protection (for splash risk), gowns (for large-volume
splashes), and N95/HEPA respirators (for airborne diseases like TB).
What are the types of disease transmission relevant to EMS? - 1. Contact (Direct/Indirect) -
physical touch or contact with contaminated objects. 2. Droplet - inhaling infected droplets from
coughs or sneezes. 3. Airborne - inhaling aerosolized particles.
What should you do immediately if exposed to a hazardous substance? - Wash the area
immediately, report the incident to your Designated Infection Control Officer (DICO), and seek
medical evaluation.
What does the Ryan White Act ensure? - It ensures notification for certain exposures to
infectious diseases.
What are the three types of stress? - Acute (during a stressful event), Delayed (manifests after the
event), and Cumulative (builds up over time leading to burnout).
What are the Kübler-Ross Stages of Grieving? - Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression,
Acceptance.
What is Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)? - A resource to help personnel cope with
traumatic calls; it is a process, not a single event, and participation should be optional.
What should you recognize in yourself and colleagues for suicide prevention? - Signs of
overwhelming stress and burnout, and take any suicidal thoughts or attempts seriously.
What is the definition of Public Health? - The practice of preventing disease and promoting good
health within groups of people.
, What is Primary Prevention in injury prevention? - Stops injuries/illnesses before they happen
(e.g., vaccination, helmet safety programs).
What is Secondary Prevention in injury prevention? - Measures taken after an event to prevent it
from getting worse (e.g., splinting a fracture, administering aspirin for a heart attack).
What are the 4 Es of Prevention? - Education (informing the public about risks), Enforcement
(laws and regulations), Engineering/Environment (passive interventions), Economic Incentives
(monetary incentives for safe behavior).
What is the Haddon Matrix? - A framework for analyzing injury events by examining the
interaction of the Host, Agent, and Environment across three phases: Pre-event, Event, and Post-
event.
What is the difference between Ethics and Laws? - Ethics are principles of right and wrong; laws
have enforceable sanctions.
What is meant by Scope of Practice? - What you are legally permitted to do by the state.
What is the Standard of Care? - What a reasonable, prudent paramedic with similar training
would do in a similar situation.
What are the four elements required to prove Negligence? - Duty, Breach of Duty, Proximate
Cause, and Harm.
What is Informed Consent? - Consent that must be obtained from every competent adult,
explaining treatment, risks, benefits, and alternatives.
What is Expressed Consent? - Permission given by the patient, either verbally or nonverbally.
PROGRAM INSIDER ACCESS OF 2025/2026 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% SUCCESS RATE
What historical events contributed to the development of modern EMS? - Modern EMS has its
roots in military medicine, notably Napoleon's army, the US Civil War, WWI, WWII, and the
Korean War.
What was 'The White Paper' and its significance in EMS history? - Titled 'Accidental Death and
Disability: The Neglected Disease of Modern Society' (1965), it highlighted inadequate
prehospital care and led to the National Highway Safety Act, creating the Department of
Transportation (DOT) to develop EMS standards.
Who is Dr. Peter Safar and what is his contribution to EMS? - Dr. Peter Safar is a pioneer of
CPR.
What is the significance of Dr. Nancy Caroline in the field of paramedicine? - Dr. Nancy
Caroline authored the first paramedic textbook.
What is Dr. Eugene Nagel known for in the context of paramedicine? - Dr. Eugene Nagel is
known as the 'Father of Paramedicine' and developed the first true paramedic program in Miami,
FL in 1969.
What does the EMS Systems Act of 1973 define? - The EMS Systems Act of 1973 defined 15
components of an EMS system.
What are the four levels of EMS providers? - 1. Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) - basic
immediate care. 2. Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) - basic life support. 3. Advanced EMT
(AEMT) - limited advanced life support. 4. Paramedic - highest level of prehospital care.
,What is the role of the Committee on Accreditation of Educational Programs for the EMS
Professions (CoAEMSP)? - CoAEMSP accredits paramedic programs.
What are the primary responsibilities of EMS providers? - Preparation, response, scene
management, patient assessment and care, management and disposition, patient transfer,
documentation, and return to service.
What are some professional attributes expected of EMS providers? - Integrity, empathy, self-
motivation, confidence, communication, teamwork, respect, and patient advocacy.
What is the difference between online and offline medical direction? - Online (Direct) medical
direction involves real-time orders from a physician via radio or phone, while offline (Indirect) is
guided by protocols and standing orders developed by the medical director.
What is Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) in EMS? - CQI is a process of internal and
external reviews to identify areas for improvement in patient care, focused on preventing
problems and promoting excellence.
What are the components of personal wellness for EMS providers? - Physical, mental, emotional,
and spiritual well-being are crucial for a long and healthy career.
What are some recommendations for maintaining physical health in EMS? - Focus on nutrition
(MyPlate guidelines), regular exercise (cardiovascular, strength, flexibility), weight control, and
avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol use.
How does shift work affect EMS providers? - Shift work disrupts the body's natural clock;
consistent sleep schedules and healthy habits are important to mitigate fatigue.
What is the proper technique for lifting in EMS? - Lift with your legs, not your back, coordinate
lifts, and minimize the weight you carry.
,What are Standard Precautions in EMS? - Treat all body fluids as potentially infectious.
What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its components? - PPE includes gloves
(minimum for all patient contact), eye protection (for splash risk), gowns (for large-volume
splashes), and N95/HEPA respirators (for airborne diseases like TB).
What are the types of disease transmission relevant to EMS? - 1. Contact (Direct/Indirect) -
physical touch or contact with contaminated objects. 2. Droplet - inhaling infected droplets from
coughs or sneezes. 3. Airborne - inhaling aerosolized particles.
What should you do immediately if exposed to a hazardous substance? - Wash the area
immediately, report the incident to your Designated Infection Control Officer (DICO), and seek
medical evaluation.
What does the Ryan White Act ensure? - It ensures notification for certain exposures to
infectious diseases.
What are the three types of stress? - Acute (during a stressful event), Delayed (manifests after the
event), and Cumulative (builds up over time leading to burnout).
What are the Kübler-Ross Stages of Grieving? - Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression,
Acceptance.
What is Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)? - A resource to help personnel cope with
traumatic calls; it is a process, not a single event, and participation should be optional.
What should you recognize in yourself and colleagues for suicide prevention? - Signs of
overwhelming stress and burnout, and take any suicidal thoughts or attempts seriously.
What is the definition of Public Health? - The practice of preventing disease and promoting good
health within groups of people.
, What is Primary Prevention in injury prevention? - Stops injuries/illnesses before they happen
(e.g., vaccination, helmet safety programs).
What is Secondary Prevention in injury prevention? - Measures taken after an event to prevent it
from getting worse (e.g., splinting a fracture, administering aspirin for a heart attack).
What are the 4 Es of Prevention? - Education (informing the public about risks), Enforcement
(laws and regulations), Engineering/Environment (passive interventions), Economic Incentives
(monetary incentives for safe behavior).
What is the Haddon Matrix? - A framework for analyzing injury events by examining the
interaction of the Host, Agent, and Environment across three phases: Pre-event, Event, and Post-
event.
What is the difference between Ethics and Laws? - Ethics are principles of right and wrong; laws
have enforceable sanctions.
What is meant by Scope of Practice? - What you are legally permitted to do by the state.
What is the Standard of Care? - What a reasonable, prudent paramedic with similar training
would do in a similar situation.
What are the four elements required to prove Negligence? - Duty, Breach of Duty, Proximate
Cause, and Harm.
What is Informed Consent? - Consent that must be obtained from every competent adult,
explaining treatment, risks, benefits, and alternatives.
What is Expressed Consent? - Permission given by the patient, either verbally or nonverbally.
