Biology 102 Chapter 43 exam questions with answers

Biology 102 Chapter 43 exam questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




answers

Pathogens - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔agents that cause disease,
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infect a wide range of animals, including humans
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The immune system _______ foreign bodies and _______with the
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production of immune cells and proteins - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Recognizes, responds |\




Molecular recognition of nonself - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔An
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animal's immune system must detect foreign particles and
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tissues that invade the body, distinguishing self from non-self.
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Knowing who they are fighting against.
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Immunity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔body's capability of removing
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or killing foreign substances, pathogens and cancer cells; avoid
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and limit infection
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Name both types of immunity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Innate
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Adaptive


Innate immunity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔present before any
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exposure to pathogens and is effective from the time of birth
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responds to a broad range of pathogens. All animals have innate
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immunity. Immediate defense. a small preset group of receptor
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,proteins bind to molecules or structures that are absent from
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animal bodies (host) but common to a group of viruses, bacteria,
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or other pathogens
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Physical and chemical Barriers (2) - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔1)External barriers- formed by the skin or shell, provide a |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


barrier to pathogens. |\ |\




2)Chemical secretion-s that trap or kill pathogens guard the
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body's entrances and exits.
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Internal defenses (4) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔1)Macrophages
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and other phagocytic cells that ingest and destroy pathogens
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2)Natural Killer Cells |\ |\




3)Protective Proteins |\




4)Inflammatory Response |\




Adaptive Immunity - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Develops after
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exposure to agents such as microbes, toxins, or other foreign
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substances. It involves a very specific response to pathogens. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


Only in vertebrates.large number of receptors, each recognizing
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a feature typically found only on a particular part of a particular
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molecule in a particular pathogen (microbe, toxin). Detects
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pathogens with tremendous specificity. |\ |\ |\




What type of immunity defenses are enhanced by previous
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exposure to the infecting pathogen? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔Adaptive

, Recognition and response to adaptive immunity (2) - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Humoral Response- - Antibodies produce by B cells
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Cell- mediated response- Toxic T cells
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In insects, an ________made of chitin forms the first barrier to
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pathogens - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔exoskeleton |\ |\ |\ |\




The digestive system is protected by a chitin-based barrier and -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔lysozyme |\ |\




Lysozyme - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔an enzyme that catalyzes the
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destruction of the cell walls of certain bacteria
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In Insects, ________circulate within hemolymph and carry out
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_______, the ingestion and digestion of foreign substances
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including bacteria - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Hemocytes,
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phagocytosis


Hemocytes - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔secrete antimicrobial|\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


peptides that disrupt the plasma membranes of fungi and
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bacteria and carry out phagocytosis in hemolymph
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Antigen - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Any substance that elicits a
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response from B or T Cells. Typically large molecules either
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proteins or polysaccharides.
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How does the immune system recognize bacteria and fungi? -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔By structures on their cell walls
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