NIFA Practice Test B1 | Latest 2025/ 2026 Update | Questions and verified Answers | GRADED A (100% Correct Elaborations)

NIFA Practice Test B1 | Latest 2025/ 2026 Update | Questions and verified Answers | GRADED A (100% Correct Elaborations) Question: What statements regarding vascular clamps are true? select all that apply Answer: a. vascular clamps are designed to partiall occlude blood flow. b. vascular clamps are designed to totally occlude blood flow. c. all vascular clamps are designed to hold vessels securely without trauma. Question: What incision is used for lumbar laminectomy Answer: a. midline direcly over the appropriate lumbar spine Question: Franklin hardy with mulitple moles skin lesions Answer: the perioperative nurse recognized his signs and symptoms of bupivicaine and lidocaine toxicity and began immediate treatment with airway support. Question: When cathing a female patient the periop nurse must locate the urethra. Answer: mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urethra, vaginal opening. Question: tui nyugen 32 year old hysteroscopy patient. What patient safety info relevant to hysteroscopy should be given to the receiving relief nurse before break? Answer: a. a review of the amount of hyskon infused and fluid received back b. a reminder to monitor for discrepancies over 500ml Question: which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pancreas Answer: a. the superior mesenteric artery lies anterior to its neck. Question: a number of screening tools have been developed for comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) Answer: d. indentifying at-risk individuals Question: blunt force to the larnyz can result in fracture and impose immediate airway obstruction Answer: a. assist the anesthesia provider with securing the airway while applying cricoid pressure Question: recommended long-term pain management in the elderly includes Answer: c. opoid analgesics (low potential for addiction) Question: select the statement that most correctly matches a risk factor for adhesions with an appropriate preventitive strategy Answer: c. patients with endometriosis may be best served with a laparoscopic approach Question: another name for the left colic flexure is Answer: splenic flexure Question: which of the following is not typically visable in a PA chest radiograph Answer: a. the interventricular septum Question: an exapmple of an indicaiton for liver transplantation would be Answer: d. primary hepatic cancer q which of the following associations is correct Answer: e. pancreatic cancer-rarely metastasizes Question: replantation is an attempt to reattach a completely amputated digit or other body part. good candidates for replantation are those with the following amputations Answer: a. almost any body part of a child Question: what mechanisms do chest catheters and drainage systems use to remove fluid and air from the pleural cavity Answer: c. expiratory pressure and gravity Question: study comparing tep and tapp techniques. Answer: b. mesh infection rate was low with both techniques d. there was no apparent difference in teh rate of hernia recurrence Question: upon palpating the anterior abdominal wall of a patient you notice an intense reflexive muscular contraction in the abdominal muscles which is not correct> Answer: d. it is best observed when the patient is perfectly supine. Question: this tissue is concerned with the formation of red blood cells Answer: c. red marrow Question: during a lap chole, the scrub person inspects the integrity of the insulation along the shaft. what nursing outcome is expected. the patient will be free from: Answer: c. impaired skin integrity Question: which of the following associations is incorrect Answer: c. left border of the heart-mainly left atrium Question: the most likely reason for avascular necrosis in an 80 year old woman following a hip fracture is that the Answer: b. fracture split the neck of the femur longitudinally Question: while not as prevalent as arthoplasty of the shoulder, knee or hip, total elbow replacement is indicated for patients with traumatic lesions or excessive bone loss from rheumatic or degenerative arthritis. It may be used with or without pmma depending on the quality of the Answer: d. Side plates, screws, and circumferential wires Question: In the following illustration, the arrow points to the: Answer: a. left vagus nerve. Question: Identify the marginal boundaries of the breasts Answer: c. Second to sixth rib and horizontally from the lateral edge of sternum to anterior axillary line Question: Which of the following is not correct pertaining to the cavernous sinus? Answer: e. contains the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve Question: The science of plastic and reconstructive surgery, which means to mold or create form and shape, improves appearance and body image through an understanding of: Answer: b. the anatomy and biology of tissue Question: Which of the following is incorrect for the cricoid cartilage? Answer: c. It is an attachment of the vocal ligaments Question: A familiarity with basic neurologic assessment tools gives the nurse the ability to perform a standardized neurologic exam that can be used preoperatively to establish a baseline assessment and postoperatively to establish a return to baseline or assess postoperative neurologic stability. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is commonly used to assess patients with brain injury using three indicators of cerebral function: eye opening, verbal communication, and motor response to verbal and noxious stimuli. Within the scoring range for the GCS, the best possible score is _____ and the worst possible score is ______. Answer: a. 15, 3 Question: Marissa Walton is a 6-year-old girl with full-thickness burns involving both lower legs, circumferentially, excluding her feet, over less than 2% of her body surface area (BSA) and partial-thickness burns over less than 15% of her BSA, after her clothes caught fire during a camping trip when she stepped into the campfire. Based on the American Burn Association and the "Rule of Nines" classifications, Marissa's burns would be classified as ______________ with a burn surface area percentage of approximately ______________. Answer: c. minor 9% Question: A direct inguinal hernia is located _____. Answer: a. Inside Hesselbach's triangle Question: Following an argument with his wife in which a man backed through a glass storm door resulting in deep laceration of his buttocks, he is having great difficulty walking. To better understand the nature of his disability, you ask him to stand on one foot. By doing so, you are doing all of the following except: Answer: d. evaluating the function of the gluteus maximus. Question: A broad range of implant materials are used in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Select the implant that represents a biologic composition of a surgical implan Answer: a. Autologous human tissue Question: A variety of implantable devices are used in aesthetic and reconstructive plastic surgery procedures. Tracking of these devices is critical to patient safety. Institutions must report any incident of death or serious injury relating to the use of a medical device. What regulatory agency, commission, or act mandates this process when medical devices fail or cause injury? Answer: d. Safe Medical Device Act Question: All of the following may be associated with a "heart block" except: Answer: a. section of the superior part of the thoracic sympathetic trunk. Question: A plain radiograph of a patient following a knife wound to the left side of his neck showed elevation of the left hemidiaphragm, narrowing of the left intercostals spaces, and displacement of the trachea to the left. You suspect: Answer: b. pneumothorax due to knife penetration of the cervical pleura. Question: This tissue contains fat cells. Answer: c. yellow marrow Question: When using the posterolateral incisional approach, which muscles are retracted anteriorly to expose the femoral fracture site Answer: c. Vastus lateralis and vastus intermedius Question: What structure traverses the opening indicated by the arrow in the following figure? Answer: c. Aorta Question: Non-union can be caused when bone graft isn't used to fill a bony deficit at the fracture site Answer: true Question: Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the hamstrings? Answer: d. One of them is partially innervated by the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve. Question: Baby Boy Doe is a newborn found outside of the emergency department (ED). He is hypothermic and has several deep lacerations across his back, abdomen, and legs that will require surgical repair. He is transferred to the surgical bay of the ED and prepared for anesthesia induction. What risk reduction strategies are appropriate during the preanesthetic phase to achieve and maintain normothermia? Answer: b. Provide a radiant heat lamp during placement of monitoring lines and induction Question: Trina Gasterson, a 7-year-old girl recovering from a successful kidney transplant, is visited by her perioperative nurse on her day of discharge. While they conversed, Trina's mother opened a bottle of herbal supplement tablets from a local nutrition and dietary supplement store, whose label the nurse recognized Answer: a. Astragalus, licorice, and echinacea Question: When preparing for pars plana vitrectomy in the posterior segment, the perioperative nurse must be aware that a combined scleral buckling procedure may be necessary. Other important information the perioperative nurse should know before preparing the OR for the procedure includes the location of the ocular problem, the surgeon's plan to address the problem, and the instrumentation and biomedical equipment and devices to be used. Technologic advances in ophthalmic surgery require that perioperative nurses be familiar with complex biomedical equipment. A best practice, stated below, relevant to the safe use of complex equipment would be: Answer: b. demonstrate competence with equipment and check each piece carefully before the patient arrives in the OR. Question: Herbal, orthomolecular, individual biologic therapies and special dietary treatments are encompassed in biologically based therapies. Which of the biologically based therapies listed below are classified as therapeutic nutrition? Answer: a. The diets of Drs. Atkins, Pritikin, and Weil Question: Neuropathologic conditions requiring surgical intervention can be found in any age group. What are the most common problems requiring neurosurgical procedures in infants and children? Answer: d. All of the options are correct. Question: When preparing an adult for flexible bronchoscopy, what patient considerations must the nurse keep in mind? Answer: d. all of the above Question: Both ears provide stereophonic hearing that gives us very specific hearing capabilities. Binaural hearing makes it possible for: Answer: a. determination of the source location of sounds Question: This orthopedic diagnosis is a complex deformity that is diagnosed prenatally through ultrasound or at birth. It may occur unilaterally or bilaterally and may be idiopathic or one in a combination of other syndromes with associated anomalies. The general characteristic for all cases includes inversion of the foot such that the anterior foot is located in the typical position of the posterior foot; often there is a deep crease in the midfoot. Select the orthopedic diagnosis. Answer: b. Clubfoot Question: Denise Michaelson, a 46-year-old woman with an early-stage second primary cancer in her left breast, has elected to have a bilateral mastectomy with saline implants. She has requested that the surgeon also revise a small unsightly scar on her right knee and pierce her ears. While Denise's breast tumor could be treated with an excisional biopsy, she has decided to have a mastectomy of both breasts, which is considered an appropriate preemptive (preventative) surgery for a woman of her age with two primary cancers of the breast. The saline implant insertion surgery is considered a _______________ procedure, the scar revision is considered a ___________ procedure, and the ear piercing is considered a _______________ procedure. Answer: d. reconstructive, cosmetic and cosmetic Question: Marvin Townsend is a 29-year-old man with paraplegia caused by spinal cord injury from a diving accident 4 years ago. He is transported into the trauma ED after being hit by a car as he was crossing the street in his wheelchair. He has a possible rupture of his liver and is scheduled for surgery. The perioperative nurse, on response to the trauma call, meets him in the ED to conduct a preoperative assessment and prepare for his procedure. Marvin tells the nurse that he is latex-sensitive because he was told that as a spinal cord injured person he should always be considered latex-allergic. An appropriate risk reduction strategy for Marvin's latex sensitivity/allergy would be to: Answer: b. alert the OR and postoperative recovery areas of his latex allergy, check the setup for latex-containing items, and replace those items with non-latex alternatives Question: During the preoperative nursing assessment in the ambulatory surgery receiving unit, the nurse notices bruises and abrasions in various stages of healing on her patient's abdomen, arms, and breasts. In a quiet and respectful manner the nurse said, "The staff at our facility are concerned about your safety. We know that many things can happen in our lives that affect our mental and physical health." This technique is an appropriate method of establishing a sense of __________ with the patient while conveying caring and concern. Answer: b. normalizing Question: Of the three salivary glands, which one is the largest? Answer: d. Parotid Question: Jordan Gribbins, a 69-year-old pipe smoker with a history of cardiac disease and atrial rhythm disturbance, is scheduled for a supratentorial craniotomy and is securely positioned in a semisitting position. The perioperative nurse and anesthesia provider have discussed the anesthesia plan and Mr. Gribbin's surgical and anesthesia risks, and agree that he is at risk for venous air embolism (VAE). Sequential compression devices have been placed on both legs. Pulmonary lines have been placed and the nurse has prepared an area for preparation of TEE (transesophageal electrocardiography), if needed. During the procedure, Mr. Gribbins reacted with decreases in arterial pressure and end-tidal CO2. Precordial "washing machine" sounds emanated from the Doppler. What should the perioperative nurse anticipate as a possible next response? Answer: c. Reposition the patient in left lateral decubitus position to entrap air in the right atrium. Question: Select the name of the procedure that the patient in the picture is positioned for Answer: c. Stereotactic brain biopsy Question: Identify the dura fold that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Answer: c. Falx cerebelli Question: All of the following are true of the mediastinum except: Answer: ?b. it contains the lungs Question: Specific malignant conditions that may require splenectomy include all EXCEPT _____. Answer: d. Carcinoma of left kidney Question: Steven Morganstein, a 51-year-old male with hepatobiliary disease, is scheduled for surgery. The perioperative nurse, during the preoperative assessment, questions and examines the patient for signs and symptoms of jaundice, petechiae, and lethargy and: Answer: a. reviews his chart for bleeding and coagulation times and the platelet count Question: Wilber Johnson, an 84-year-old retired musician of Jamaican descent, was seen by his family practice physician for urinary problems. His physician performed a digital rectal exam (DRE), which was abnormal, ordered a PSA, and referred him to a urologist. Wilber's PSA was 12 ng/ml. His transrectal prostatic biopsy was positive. The biopsy specimen determined a Gleason score of 10 and his AUA score was D2. Based on this clinical diagnostic information, what is the best surgical treatment plan for Wilber? Answer: d. No surgery. Wilber is not a candidate for surgery Question: What type of drainage is placed in the common bile duct after a CBDE is performed? Answer: d. T-tube Question: The 3-teniae coli converge at what point? Answer: b. The cecum at the base of the appendix Question: What major artery supplies the descending colon? Answer: a. Inferior mesenteric Question: Colles' (wrist) fracture is a dorsally angulated fracture of the distal end of the radius. Most of these fractures can be managed successfully with closed reduction and immobilization, but external fixation is especially useful in the case of a comminuted intra-articular fracture. Internal fixation with Kirschner wires (K wires) is indicated when the distal end of the radius is severely comminuted and displaced. Select the nursing considerations for a patient with a Colles' fracture fixation. Answer: b. Provide soft tissue instruments in OR and casting supplies available outside OR. Question: The brainstem is located in the posterior fossa and forms the floor of the fourth ventricle. It is the site of many ascending and descending fiber tracts that allow for communication among the structures of the brain and between the brain and spinal cord. The brainstem consists of what three structures? Answer: b. Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata Question: Which of the following associations pertaining to the dural venous sinuses is incorrect? Answer: a. arachnoid granulations—calcifications of arachnoid mater within the sinuses associated with arteriosclerosis Question: The adrenal glands lie retroperitoneally beneath the diaphragm, capping the medial aspects of the superior pole of each kidney. The adrenal medulla secretes ______________ while the adrenal cortex secretes ____________ and ____________. Answer: a. epinephrine; steroids and hormones Question: Many gynecologic conditions and diseases cause chronic pelvic pain. Both surgical and nonsurgical therapies include invasive manipulations. Select the least invasive treatment option for chronic pelvic pain that is recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Answer: c. Trigger point injections and acupuncture Question: The part of the femur that is most susceptible to fracture in conjunction with osteoporosis is: Answer: d. neck Question: What special consideration should be made when assessing a geriatric trauma patient before surgery? Answer: d. All of the options can negatively impact the geriatric patient's perioperative experience Question: What patient position is used for reduction mammoplasty? Answer: d. both modified fowlers and supine Question: Matthew Ryan, a 9-year-old boy, is admitted to the emergency department for a sledding accident, when he lost control of his sled and crashed into a tree. He is pale and in pain; his abdomen is tender and firm to palpation. The CT scan suggests rupture of the spleen with internal bleeding. Matthew's scheduled surgery will most probably be a/an: Answer: a. laparoscopic splenic resection with sutured mesh overlay Question: Personnel radiation monitoring is an important part of radiation exposure safety. Select the statement that best describes the proper placement of the personal radiation dosimeter. Answer: a. On the trunk under the apron and at the collar level outside the apron Question: The pterion Answer: c. is part of the temporal bone. Question: A stapedotomy is removal of the stapes superstructure and creation of a fenestra (opening) in the fixed stapes footplate for treatment of abnormal bone growth around the footplate that results in its immobility. A prosthesis is placed to restore ossicular continuity and alleviate conductive hearing loss. The patient scheduled for a stapedotomy will probably have a surgical diagnosis of: Answer: a. otosclerosis. Question: The most frequent location for a cerebral aneurysm is the ______. Answer: b. Cerebral arterial circle Question: In the following illustration, the arrow traverses the: Answer: a. transverse pericardial sinus Question: Camilla Armstrong, a 59-year-old woman with multiple prior cardiac procedures for congenital cardiac anomalies at birth, is scheduled for an open approach coronary artery bypass graft. During the preoperative interview and assessment, the perioperative nurse reviewed Camilla's hematologic tests, including a detailed coagulation profile to uncover possible hemorrhagic disorders. During the assessment the nurse learned of Camilla's many varied co-morbid conditions, including prior vascular procedures, fibromyalgia, diabetes, and eczema. The nurse noted one of Camilla's many nursing diagnoses as: Risk for Bleeding related to surgical incision(s), tissue dissection, altered coagulation function, and inadvertent hypothermia. As a result of this diagnosis, the nurse implemented measures to have blood available, measure and report blood loss, assist with the use of the autotransfusion system per protocol, and have topical hemostatic agents available. The patient will be free from excessive bleeding as evidenced by (select all that apply): Answer: a. chest tube drainage less than 100 mL/hr. Question: The superior mesenteric artery:_____ Answer: b. is accompanied by the superior mesenteric vein on its right. Question: During a laminectomy what is the preferred form of hemostasis? Answer: c. Cottonoid strips or patties Question: What is similar in patient teaching about postoperative care for both endovascular aortic aneurysm repair and abdominal aortic aneurysm resection? Answer: c. no lifting of more than 5 lb for 6 weeks Question: What is an indication for total hip replacement? Answer: a. Arthritis Question: The anterolateral abdominal wall consists of an arrangement of muscles, fascial layers, and muscular aponeuroses lined interiorly by peritoneum and exteriorly by skin. The key landmark of the _____________ designates the roof of the inguinal canal and the key landmark of the __________ designates the floor of the inguinal canal. Answer: a. external oblique aponeurosis; transversalis aponeurosis and fascia Question: The thoracic cavity is an airtight compartment. The lateral walls are formed by 12 pairs of ribs. Each hemithorax contains 11 external intercostal muscles and 11 internal intercostal muscles. What accompanies each intercostal muscle? Answer: c. an artery, vein, and nerve Question: Which of the following will the perioperative nurse be sure to have when setting up for a mediastinoscopy? Answer: c. suture and needle holders Question: Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the pattern of referred pain typically associated with angina pectoris? Answer: d. may be felt in left fingers Question: An abdominal perineal resection, or APR, for a patient at high risk for colon cancer without anal/rectal involvement (e.g., familial adenopolyposis [FAP]) can be accomplished through an open laparotomy or laparoscopic-assisted ileoanal pull-through approach, per surgeon preference and appropriate patient selection. Which of these statements about approaches for APR is correct? Answer: c. Both procedures require only an abdominal skin incision(s) as the rectal segment is removed and anastomosed intraluminally Question: While the pancreas' function is carbohydrate metabolism with the production of insulin and digestive enzymes, the spleen's function is primarily ___________ with the production of _______________. Answer: a. immunologic; leukocytes Question: Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the umbilicus? Answer: e. The umbilicus is in the L1 dermatome. Question: Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the CSF? Answer: a. It returns to the venous system by passing into the vertebral venous plexuses. Question: The renal artery and vein enter and exit the kidney on the medial side of the organ through a concave area known as the: Answer: c. hilum. Question: Marla, the perioperative nurse circulating for a skin contracture release of the ear on a 5-year-old boy, transfers 0.25% bupivacaine via syringe to the scrub person's sterile back table. The scrub person, Jake, questions why she is not giving him bupivacaine with epinephrine, since there may be bleeding expected at the incision site. Marla's reply to Jake is based on the fact that: Answer: a. epinephrine is contraindicated in areas with limited vascularity, such as the ears Question: Osteomalacia is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate mineralization of bone, which leads to a reduced absorption of calcium and phosphorus. This malabsorptive condition is due to a deficiency of ______________ that can be treated by __________________. Answer: b. vitamin D; dietary supplements and exposure to sunlight Question: Local anesthesia, or monitored anesthesia care (MAC), is used for most ophthalmic surgery. The local anesthetic regimen, administered by the operative surgeon, is typically a combination of anesthesia delivery methods, or routes. Select the anesthetic plan that is administered by the surgeon before the start of surgery. Answer: b. Topical anesthetic eye drops, subconjunctival infiltration, and retrobulbar block Question: The hepatorenal recess (Morison pouch): Answer: c. receives infected fluids draining from the omental bursa in the supine position Question: Substituting a cryo-preserved cadaveric vein or an in situ or reversed vein graft from the patient for an arterial bypass graft is an option for patients who have healthy, easily accessed saphenous veins. How does an in situ vein graft differ from a reversed vein graft? Answer: b. The in situ method leaves the vein in its position and the valves are removed. Question: When microlaryngoscopy is performed to remove polyps or nodules from the vocal cords, what important postoperative instruction must the nurse give the patient during discharge teaching? Answer: a. Complete voice rest is important Question: Denise Michaelson had a scar revision of her knee performed along with her bilateral mastectomy with saline implants and ear piercing procedures. The knee scar, before revision, was an 8-cm linear, thin scar that extended obliquely across the anterior portion of her knee. The tension of the scar tissue met resistance when she would bend her knee. The surgeon opted to remove the scar with a procedure to break up the linear scar and rearrange the tissue direction to form a natural line. The proper name of this tissue transfer scar revision is the: Answer: d. Z-plasty. Question: A cross section of the mid-shaft of the femur would appear _____. Answer: d. Triangular Question: Marla Moriarity, a 32-year-old recently unemployed and uninsured college professor, is diagnosed with an early ectopic pregnancy. Her obstetrician has given her the option of surgical or medical therapy. She is well-informed about the details of each medical and surgical option, but her primary concern about her condition is that her decision will be based upon her strong cultural belief system that will not sanction the destruction of the fetus. Marla's treatment decision will most likely be: Answer: b. laparoscopic injection of methotrexate to the extrauterine gestational sac.