HS: 2700 Chapter 7, HS 2700: Chapter 4, 5, and 6, HS
2700: Chapter 3, health sci 2700, 2700 - infant
development, toddler || WELL-ENLIGHTENED
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS!!
scribbles correct answers up to 30 months
single units correct answers 30 to 46 months
differentiated figures correct answers 46 months to 7 years
integrated whole correct answers +7 years
corpus callosum correct answers brain structure through which the left and right sides of the
cerebral cortex communicate, grows and matures more during the early childhood years
lateralization correct answers the growth of this structure accompanies the functional
specialization of the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
reticular formation correct answers brain structure that regulates attention and concentration
hippocampus correct answers involved in the transfer of information to long-term memory
infantile amnesia correct answers maturation between the hippocampus and cerebral cortex is
probably responsible for our inability to remember much about the first three years of life
handedness correct answers the tendency to rely primarily on the right or left hand
roughly ___% of children aged 2-5 are obese correct answers 12%
an estimated ___% of childhood injuries are preventable correct answers 90%
there are more than ___ in 1000 cases of ACEs in Canada correct answers 14
ACEs correct answers adverse childhood experiences
risk factors for ACEs correct answers sociocultural factors, characteristics of the child,
characteristics of the abuser, and household stresses
sociocultural factors of ACEs correct answers include personal or cultural values that regard
physical abuse of children morally acceptable
household stressors of ACEs correct answers include factors linked to living on social
assistance, one or more moves in the past year, household hazards
toxic stress response correct answers persistently elevated physiological arousal caused by
strong, recurring, or unabated adversity
,lifelong impairments of ACEs correct answers risk of mortality; risk of chronic disease;
inability to regulate emotions
semiotic function correct answers acquired between age 18-24 months; the understanding that
one object or behaviour can represent another
egocentrism correct answers a child assumes that everyone sees the world as they do
centration correct answers a child's tendency to think of the world in terms of one variable at
a time
conservation correct answers the understanding that matter can change in appearance without
changing in quantity; children rarely show any kind of conservation before age 5
identity correct answers the knowledge that quantities are constant unless matter is added to
or subtracted from them
compensation correct answers the understanding that all relevant characteristics of the
appearance of a given quantity of matter must be taken into account before reaching a
conclusion about whether the quantity has changed
reversibility correct answers the awareness that conditions, numbers, or actions can be
reversed and returned to their original state
two levels of perspective-taking ability correct answers the child knows that other people
experience things differently; the child develops a whole series of complex rules for figuring
out precisely what the other person experiences
level 1 knowledge correct answers age 2 or 3
level 2 knowledge correct answers age 2 and 6
theory of mind correct answers a set of ideas that explains other people's ideas, beliefs,
desires, and behaviour
false belief principle correct answers the ability to look at a problem or situation from another
person's point-of-view and discern what kind of information would
short-term storage space correct answers refers to the child's working memory
operational efficiency correct answers the maximum number of schemes that may be put into
STSS at one time
scripts correct answers cognitive structures that underlie behaviours that are often repeated
and emerge during early childhood
metamemory correct answers knowledge about and control of memory processes
metacognition correct answers knowledge about and control of thought processes
,primitive stage correct answers possesses mental processes similar to those of lower animals
naive psychology stage correct answers learns to use language to communicate but still does
not understand its symbolic characters
egocentric stage correct answers uses language as a guide to solving problems, egocentric
language becomes completely internalized by age 6 or 7
ingrowth stage correct answers logical thinking; private speech helps children solve
problems; cognitive abilities develop in unison
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory correct answers emphasis on the role of social factors in
cognitive development; solutions to problems are socially generated and learned; social
interaction is required for cognitive development
fast mapping correct answers refers to the ability to categorically link new words to real-
world referents (real objects and events to which words refer)
total vocabulary at 2.5 years correct answers 600 words
total vocabulary by school-age correct answers 15 000 words
grammar explosion correct answers the period when the grammatical features of children's
speech become more similar to those of adult speech
inflections correct answers changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice; earliest inflection
used among children learning English, is typically "-ing"
overregulization correct answers applying the basic rule to all irregular instances, thus
making the language more regular than it really is
complex sentences correct answers use of a conjunction such as and or but to combine two
ideas or using embedded clauses
phonological awareness correct answers a child's sensitivity to the sound patterns that are
specific to the language being acquired
invented spelling correct answers a strategy young children with good phonological
awareness skills use when they write
numeracy correct answers the ability to use numbers and math in ordinary life situations
Stanford-Binet correct answers initially described a child's performance in terms of a score
called an intelligence quotient (IQ)
modern intelligence tests correct answers verbal comprehension; visual spatial; fluid
reasoning; working memory; and processing speed
children with higher IQ are more likely to... correct answers get good grades, complete high
school, and go on to post-secondary education
, five domains of readiness correct answers language and communication skill; academic
skills; self-regulation of learning; self-control of behaviour
reaction range correct answers a range between upper and lower boundaries of functioning
that is established by one's genetic heritage; exactly where a child will fall within those
boundaries is determined by environment
synaptogenesis correct answers the creation of synapses, occurs rapidly in the cortex during
the first few years after birth, resulting in a quadrupling of the overall weight of the brain by
age 4
synaptic pruning correct answers unnecessary pathways and connections are eliminated
Because infants have more unused synapses than adults, they can bounce back from a host of
insults to the brain much more easily than an adult
neuroplasticity correct answers the brain's ability to change in response to experience
myelinization correct answers the process of developing the sheath which insulate the axons
from one another and electrically improve their conductivity
adaptive reflexes correct answers humans are born with these reflexes that help them survive
primitive reflexes correct answers they are controlled by the less sophisticated parts of the
brain (midbrain and medulla)
basic cry correct answers often signals hunger; usually has a rhythmical pattern
anger cry correct answers typically louder and more intense
pain cry correct answers very abrupt onset, unlike the other two kinds of cries, which usually
begin with whimpering or moaning
colic correct answers a pattern involving intense bouts of crying totalling three or more hours
a day, three or more times a week, for more than three weeks, for no apparent reason
locomotor skills correct answers include abilities such as crawling that enable the infant to
get around in the environment
non-locomotor skills correct answers controlling head movements, improve babies' ability to
use their senses and motor skills to interact with the objects and people around them
manipulative skills (fine motor skills) correct answers involve use of the hands, as when a 1
year old stacks one block on top of another
marasmus correct answers when the calorie deficit is severe, infants will develop this disease.
Infants with marasmus weigh less than 60% of what they should at their age, and many suffer
micronutrient malnutrition correct answers a deficiency of certain vitamins and/or minerals
2700: Chapter 3, health sci 2700, 2700 - infant
development, toddler || WELL-ENLIGHTENED
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS!!
scribbles correct answers up to 30 months
single units correct answers 30 to 46 months
differentiated figures correct answers 46 months to 7 years
integrated whole correct answers +7 years
corpus callosum correct answers brain structure through which the left and right sides of the
cerebral cortex communicate, grows and matures more during the early childhood years
lateralization correct answers the growth of this structure accompanies the functional
specialization of the left and right hemispheres of the cerebral cortex
reticular formation correct answers brain structure that regulates attention and concentration
hippocampus correct answers involved in the transfer of information to long-term memory
infantile amnesia correct answers maturation between the hippocampus and cerebral cortex is
probably responsible for our inability to remember much about the first three years of life
handedness correct answers the tendency to rely primarily on the right or left hand
roughly ___% of children aged 2-5 are obese correct answers 12%
an estimated ___% of childhood injuries are preventable correct answers 90%
there are more than ___ in 1000 cases of ACEs in Canada correct answers 14
ACEs correct answers adverse childhood experiences
risk factors for ACEs correct answers sociocultural factors, characteristics of the child,
characteristics of the abuser, and household stresses
sociocultural factors of ACEs correct answers include personal or cultural values that regard
physical abuse of children morally acceptable
household stressors of ACEs correct answers include factors linked to living on social
assistance, one or more moves in the past year, household hazards
toxic stress response correct answers persistently elevated physiological arousal caused by
strong, recurring, or unabated adversity
,lifelong impairments of ACEs correct answers risk of mortality; risk of chronic disease;
inability to regulate emotions
semiotic function correct answers acquired between age 18-24 months; the understanding that
one object or behaviour can represent another
egocentrism correct answers a child assumes that everyone sees the world as they do
centration correct answers a child's tendency to think of the world in terms of one variable at
a time
conservation correct answers the understanding that matter can change in appearance without
changing in quantity; children rarely show any kind of conservation before age 5
identity correct answers the knowledge that quantities are constant unless matter is added to
or subtracted from them
compensation correct answers the understanding that all relevant characteristics of the
appearance of a given quantity of matter must be taken into account before reaching a
conclusion about whether the quantity has changed
reversibility correct answers the awareness that conditions, numbers, or actions can be
reversed and returned to their original state
two levels of perspective-taking ability correct answers the child knows that other people
experience things differently; the child develops a whole series of complex rules for figuring
out precisely what the other person experiences
level 1 knowledge correct answers age 2 or 3
level 2 knowledge correct answers age 2 and 6
theory of mind correct answers a set of ideas that explains other people's ideas, beliefs,
desires, and behaviour
false belief principle correct answers the ability to look at a problem or situation from another
person's point-of-view and discern what kind of information would
short-term storage space correct answers refers to the child's working memory
operational efficiency correct answers the maximum number of schemes that may be put into
STSS at one time
scripts correct answers cognitive structures that underlie behaviours that are often repeated
and emerge during early childhood
metamemory correct answers knowledge about and control of memory processes
metacognition correct answers knowledge about and control of thought processes
,primitive stage correct answers possesses mental processes similar to those of lower animals
naive psychology stage correct answers learns to use language to communicate but still does
not understand its symbolic characters
egocentric stage correct answers uses language as a guide to solving problems, egocentric
language becomes completely internalized by age 6 or 7
ingrowth stage correct answers logical thinking; private speech helps children solve
problems; cognitive abilities develop in unison
Vygotsky's sociocultural theory correct answers emphasis on the role of social factors in
cognitive development; solutions to problems are socially generated and learned; social
interaction is required for cognitive development
fast mapping correct answers refers to the ability to categorically link new words to real-
world referents (real objects and events to which words refer)
total vocabulary at 2.5 years correct answers 600 words
total vocabulary by school-age correct answers 15 000 words
grammar explosion correct answers the period when the grammatical features of children's
speech become more similar to those of adult speech
inflections correct answers changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice; earliest inflection
used among children learning English, is typically "-ing"
overregulization correct answers applying the basic rule to all irregular instances, thus
making the language more regular than it really is
complex sentences correct answers use of a conjunction such as and or but to combine two
ideas or using embedded clauses
phonological awareness correct answers a child's sensitivity to the sound patterns that are
specific to the language being acquired
invented spelling correct answers a strategy young children with good phonological
awareness skills use when they write
numeracy correct answers the ability to use numbers and math in ordinary life situations
Stanford-Binet correct answers initially described a child's performance in terms of a score
called an intelligence quotient (IQ)
modern intelligence tests correct answers verbal comprehension; visual spatial; fluid
reasoning; working memory; and processing speed
children with higher IQ are more likely to... correct answers get good grades, complete high
school, and go on to post-secondary education
, five domains of readiness correct answers language and communication skill; academic
skills; self-regulation of learning; self-control of behaviour
reaction range correct answers a range between upper and lower boundaries of functioning
that is established by one's genetic heritage; exactly where a child will fall within those
boundaries is determined by environment
synaptogenesis correct answers the creation of synapses, occurs rapidly in the cortex during
the first few years after birth, resulting in a quadrupling of the overall weight of the brain by
age 4
synaptic pruning correct answers unnecessary pathways and connections are eliminated
Because infants have more unused synapses than adults, they can bounce back from a host of
insults to the brain much more easily than an adult
neuroplasticity correct answers the brain's ability to change in response to experience
myelinization correct answers the process of developing the sheath which insulate the axons
from one another and electrically improve their conductivity
adaptive reflexes correct answers humans are born with these reflexes that help them survive
primitive reflexes correct answers they are controlled by the less sophisticated parts of the
brain (midbrain and medulla)
basic cry correct answers often signals hunger; usually has a rhythmical pattern
anger cry correct answers typically louder and more intense
pain cry correct answers very abrupt onset, unlike the other two kinds of cries, which usually
begin with whimpering or moaning
colic correct answers a pattern involving intense bouts of crying totalling three or more hours
a day, three or more times a week, for more than three weeks, for no apparent reason
locomotor skills correct answers include abilities such as crawling that enable the infant to
get around in the environment
non-locomotor skills correct answers controlling head movements, improve babies' ability to
use their senses and motor skills to interact with the objects and people around them
manipulative skills (fine motor skills) correct answers involve use of the hands, as when a 1
year old stacks one block on top of another
marasmus correct answers when the calorie deficit is severe, infants will develop this disease.
Infants with marasmus weigh less than 60% of what they should at their age, and many suffer
micronutrient malnutrition correct answers a deficiency of certain vitamins and/or minerals
