CITI TRAINING EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Three principles of Belmont Report - ....ANSWER ...-Respect for Persons
Beneficence
Justice
The Belmont Report
Principle of Beneficence - ....ANSWER ...-MAXIMIZATION of benefits and
MINIMIZATION of risks
T/F
Belmont Report indicates it is necessary to rigorously avoid conflicts of interest -
....ANSWER ...-TRUE
The Belmont Report
Respect for Person - ....ANSWER ...-Requires that subjects freely choose to
participate in research (voluntariness) and that they are adequately informed about a
study (informed consent)
The Belmont Report defines and delineates... - ....ANSWER ...-"Practice" and
"Research"
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,The Belmont Report
The Principle of Justice - ....ANSWER ...-Research benefit and burden distribution
and that selection of subjects is fair.
T/F
The Belmont report describes the necessity to effectively manage conflicts of interest -
....ANSWER ...-FALSE
Students in Research
The history of ethical regulations in human subjects research began with the -
....ANSWER ...-Nuremberg Code
Nuremberg Code - ....ANSWER ...-Human subjects research guidelines and
regulations
Year of the Nuremberg Code - ....ANSWER ...-1949
Additional resources regarding IRB approval process - ....ANSWER ...-Faculty
advisor/Research Mentor
IRB office
Human subjects research websites
What element must be included in an informed consent? - ....ANSWER ...-All
foreseeable risks and discomforts
Which type of IRB review does not require and IRB approval but DOES require a
Determination by the IRB? - ....ANSWER ...-If the study qualifies for
EXEMPTION
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Another name for the "Exempt" status - ....ANSWER ...-the Common Rule
stated in Title 45 Part 46 Subpart A
How can faculty researchers avoid coercion of student subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-
Avoid using their own students in their research
Name the type of Review: Research study that involves use of educational tests, survey,
interviews, or observations of public behavior without identifiable information. -
....ANSWER ...-Exempt Review category 2
Name the type of review: A study involving data collected that could have an impact on
human subject's careers and it contains identifiers of the subjects. -
....ANSWER ...-Full Board Review
Type of review that qualifies if no identification of subjects and/or their responses would
reasonably place them at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects
financial standing, employability, insurability, reputation, or be stigmatizing, unless
reasonable and appropriate protections will be implemented so that risks related to
invasion of privacy and breach of confidentiality are no greater than minimal -
....ANSWER ...-Expedited review
Type of review: data that is collected does not meet definition of human subjects
research as stated by federal regulations. No info ABOUT human ie. info about a
business - ....ANSWER ...-Not Human Subjects
Federal regulations define human subjects as "living individual about whom an
investigator conducting research obtains"...? (2 components) - ....ANSWER ...-
"1.data through intervention or interaction with the individual
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Three principles of Belmont Report - ....ANSWER ...-Respect for Persons
Beneficence
Justice
The Belmont Report
Principle of Beneficence - ....ANSWER ...-MAXIMIZATION of benefits and
MINIMIZATION of risks
T/F
Belmont Report indicates it is necessary to rigorously avoid conflicts of interest -
....ANSWER ...-TRUE
The Belmont Report
Respect for Person - ....ANSWER ...-Requires that subjects freely choose to
participate in research (voluntariness) and that they are adequately informed about a
study (informed consent)
The Belmont Report defines and delineates... - ....ANSWER ...-"Practice" and
"Research"
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,The Belmont Report
The Principle of Justice - ....ANSWER ...-Research benefit and burden distribution
and that selection of subjects is fair.
T/F
The Belmont report describes the necessity to effectively manage conflicts of interest -
....ANSWER ...-FALSE
Students in Research
The history of ethical regulations in human subjects research began with the -
....ANSWER ...-Nuremberg Code
Nuremberg Code - ....ANSWER ...-Human subjects research guidelines and
regulations
Year of the Nuremberg Code - ....ANSWER ...-1949
Additional resources regarding IRB approval process - ....ANSWER ...-Faculty
advisor/Research Mentor
IRB office
Human subjects research websites
What element must be included in an informed consent? - ....ANSWER ...-All
foreseeable risks and discomforts
Which type of IRB review does not require and IRB approval but DOES require a
Determination by the IRB? - ....ANSWER ...-If the study qualifies for
EXEMPTION
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Another name for the "Exempt" status - ....ANSWER ...-the Common Rule
stated in Title 45 Part 46 Subpart A
How can faculty researchers avoid coercion of student subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-
Avoid using their own students in their research
Name the type of Review: Research study that involves use of educational tests, survey,
interviews, or observations of public behavior without identifiable information. -
....ANSWER ...-Exempt Review category 2
Name the type of review: A study involving data collected that could have an impact on
human subject's careers and it contains identifiers of the subjects. -
....ANSWER ...-Full Board Review
Type of review that qualifies if no identification of subjects and/or their responses would
reasonably place them at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects
financial standing, employability, insurability, reputation, or be stigmatizing, unless
reasonable and appropriate protections will be implemented so that risks related to
invasion of privacy and breach of confidentiality are no greater than minimal -
....ANSWER ...-Expedited review
Type of review: data that is collected does not meet definition of human subjects
research as stated by federal regulations. No info ABOUT human ie. info about a
business - ....ANSWER ...-Not Human Subjects
Federal regulations define human subjects as "living individual about whom an
investigator conducting research obtains"...? (2 components) - ....ANSWER ...-
"1.data through intervention or interaction with the individual
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
