CITI STUDY 2 EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
According to the federal regulations, human subjects are living individuals about whom
an investigator conducting research obtains information through interaction or
intervention with the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information; or: -
....ANSWER ...-Obtains, uses, studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private
information.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A developmental psychologist
videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their caregivers to determine
which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A cognitive psychologist enrolls
undergraduate students for a computer-based study about the effect of mood on
problem-solving behaviors.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A study of twenty 4th grade
classrooms in which researchers ask the schools to systematically vary the time of day
reading is taught, and collect weekly assessments of reading comprehension for each
child over a three-month period.
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,A medical record is an example of: - ....ANSWER ...-Private information
Which of the following statements about the relationship between an institution and the
institution's IRB(s) is correct? - ....ANSWER ...-Officials of the institution may
overrule an IRB approval.
Continuing review of an approved and ongoing study posing more than minimal risk
that was initially approved by a convened IRB: - ....ANSWER ...-Must occur within
12 months of the approval date.
In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the HHS
regulations provides additional protections for which of the following vulnerable
populations? - ....ANSWER ...-Prisoners
According to federal regulations, the expedited review process may be used when the
study procedures pose: - ....ANSWER ...-No more than minimal risk and the
research activities fall within regulatory categories identified as eligible.
According to the federal regulations, research is eligible for exemption, if: -
....ANSWER ...-The research falls into one of eight categories of research activity
described in the regulations.
Additional safeguards that may be included in a social and behavioral study may
include: - ....ANSWER ...-Remove all direct identifiers from the data as soon as
possible.
The primary purpose of a Certificate of Confidentiality is to: - ....ANSWER ...-
Protect identifiable research information from compelled disclosure.
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What statement about risks in social and behavioral sciences research is most accurate: -
....ANSWER ...-Risks are specific to time, situation, and culture.
A researcher wishes to study generational differences in coping mechanisms among
adults who experienced abuse as children. Adequate measures will be instituted to
obtain informed consent and ensure that there is no breach of confidentiality. The most
likely additional risk is that some subjects may: - ....ANSWER ...-Experience
emotional or psychological distress.
A researcher wants to do a web-based survey of college students to collect information
about their sexual behavior and drug use. Direct identifiers will not be collected;
however, IP addresses may be present in the data set. Risk of harm should be evaluated
by: - ....ANSWER ...-Both the magnitude (or severity) and the probability (or
likelihood) of harm.
A therapist at a free university clinic treats elementary school children with behavior
problems who are referred by a social service agency. She is also a doctoral candidate
who proposes using data she has and will collect about the children for a case-based
research project. Which of the following statements about parental permission is correct?
- ....ANSWER ...-The parents of the children might feel pressure to give
permission to the therapist to use their children's data so that she will continue to
provide services to their children.
A general requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any
exculpatory language. Exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive
any of the subject's legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the
research from liability for negligence. Which of the following statements in a consent
form is an example of exculpatory language? - ....ANSWER ...-Taking part in the
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
According to the federal regulations, human subjects are living individuals about whom
an investigator conducting research obtains information through interaction or
intervention with the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information; or: -
....ANSWER ...-Obtains, uses, studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private
information.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A developmental psychologist
videotapes interactions between groups of toddlers and their caregivers to determine
which intervention methods most effectively manage aggression.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A cognitive psychologist enrolls
undergraduate students for a computer-based study about the effect of mood on
problem-solving behaviors.
According to the federal regulations, which of the following studies meets the definition
of research with human subjects? - ....ANSWER ...-A study of twenty 4th grade
classrooms in which researchers ask the schools to systematically vary the time of day
reading is taught, and collect weekly assessments of reading comprehension for each
child over a three-month period.
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,A medical record is an example of: - ....ANSWER ...-Private information
Which of the following statements about the relationship between an institution and the
institution's IRB(s) is correct? - ....ANSWER ...-Officials of the institution may
overrule an IRB approval.
Continuing review of an approved and ongoing study posing more than minimal risk
that was initially approved by a convened IRB: - ....ANSWER ...-Must occur within
12 months of the approval date.
In addition to pregnant women, fetuses, and neonates, another subpart of the HHS
regulations provides additional protections for which of the following vulnerable
populations? - ....ANSWER ...-Prisoners
According to federal regulations, the expedited review process may be used when the
study procedures pose: - ....ANSWER ...-No more than minimal risk and the
research activities fall within regulatory categories identified as eligible.
According to the federal regulations, research is eligible for exemption, if: -
....ANSWER ...-The research falls into one of eight categories of research activity
described in the regulations.
Additional safeguards that may be included in a social and behavioral study may
include: - ....ANSWER ...-Remove all direct identifiers from the data as soon as
possible.
The primary purpose of a Certificate of Confidentiality is to: - ....ANSWER ...-
Protect identifiable research information from compelled disclosure.
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, What statement about risks in social and behavioral sciences research is most accurate: -
....ANSWER ...-Risks are specific to time, situation, and culture.
A researcher wishes to study generational differences in coping mechanisms among
adults who experienced abuse as children. Adequate measures will be instituted to
obtain informed consent and ensure that there is no breach of confidentiality. The most
likely additional risk is that some subjects may: - ....ANSWER ...-Experience
emotional or psychological distress.
A researcher wants to do a web-based survey of college students to collect information
about their sexual behavior and drug use. Direct identifiers will not be collected;
however, IP addresses may be present in the data set. Risk of harm should be evaluated
by: - ....ANSWER ...-Both the magnitude (or severity) and the probability (or
likelihood) of harm.
A therapist at a free university clinic treats elementary school children with behavior
problems who are referred by a social service agency. She is also a doctoral candidate
who proposes using data she has and will collect about the children for a case-based
research project. Which of the following statements about parental permission is correct?
- ....ANSWER ...-The parents of the children might feel pressure to give
permission to the therapist to use their children's data so that she will continue to
provide services to their children.
A general requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any
exculpatory language. Exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive
any of the subject's legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the
research from liability for negligence. Which of the following statements in a consent
form is an example of exculpatory language? - ....ANSWER ...-Taking part in the
...©️ 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
