UNIT-I
PRINCIPLES OF NURSING EDUCATION
MEANING
Nursing
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well in the
performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery or to peaceful death thus
he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge and to do this in
such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.
(The concept of nursing, Virginia Henderson; 1958)
Education
Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of
knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.
Educational methods include: storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and
directed research.
Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may
also educate themselves.
Nursing education
Nursing education means all activities which brings changes in the behaviour of student nurse
so as to prepare her to play her roles effectively as an individual and as a good responsible
citizen (K P Neeraja)
OBJECTIVES
• To prepare nurses who will give expert bed side nursing care in the hospital and home
• To provide integration of health and social aspects; theory and practice in generalized
public health nursing
• To provide an adequate sound scientific foundation, intelligent nursing to understand
the functioning of body and mind in health and disease
• To prepare nurses who will be able to work cooperatively with team members who are
engaged in health and welfare work
• To provide opportunities through curricular and extracurricular activities for the full
development of the personality of each individual students
• To ensure opportunities for initiative and resourcefulness, sense of responsibility for
oneself and others and broad professional and cultural interest
,PURPOSE
The basic purpose of nursing education is
▪ to prepare the nurse who after completion of the educational programme is able to plan
for and give comprehensive nursing care and health guidance to individuals and
families according to their needs
• The nurse must be prepared intellectually and morally enlightened and technically
proficient
• Nurse should be competent to teaching, oriented to community health and research minded
• Nurse must have the necessary knowledge, principles, skills and attitudes which are
essential to professional nursing practice
• Nursing students must develop competent health team members with sound judgement
intellectual and moral enlightenment, professional competence and expertise
• Nurse educators should guide the learning activities by acting as facilitators
AIMS
Aims of education: aim is a predetermined goal which inspires the individual to attain it through
appropriate activities
Factors determining educational aims
➢ Philosophy of life
➢ Elements of human nature
➢ Religious factors
➢ Political ideologies
➢ Socio economic factors and problems of the country
➢ Cultural factors
➢ Exploration of knowledge
General aims of education
o Vocational efficiency
o Knowledge
o Complete living
o Harmonious personality development
o Self realization
o Cultural development
o Citizenship
o Leisure
o Development of leadership
o Initiating students to the art of living
o Increased productivity
o Social and national integration
o Modernization
, o Social, moral and spiritual values
o For scientific temper
o For national cohesion, socialism, secularism and democracy
o Fostering research in all areas of development
o Equality
Ultimate aim of education
➢ Individual aims : To develop them into a distinct individual personality
➢ Social aims: : To develop personality by associating with others in cooperative living
and in working together for the welfare of the group or society
Aims of nursing education
Nursing education is the professional education for the preparation of nurses to enable them to
render professional nursing care to people of all ages in all phases of health and illness in a
variety of settings
Factors influencing nursing education
❖ Health needs of the people in the society
❖ Needs of the student and the time
❖ Philosophy of nursing
❖ Current trends in general and professional education
❖ Advances in science and technology
Aims
✓ Man power development
✓ Impart scientific and up to date knowledge in the area of medical, social, behavioural
and biological sciences
✓ Inculcate the appropriate nursing skills and the right attitude to the students
✓ Sufficient theory content and practical experience
✓ Implement health care programmes and health care services in society
✓ Improve professional development of each nurse and their profession
✓ All round personality development of individual
✓ Prepare nurses to participate in scientific nursing research
✓ Inculcate democratic values
, Principles of education (Walker centre for teaching and learning)
Principle 1: Encourage contact between students and faculty.
Building rapport with students is very important. The contact between students and teachers
are vital to the students' success. One of the main reasons students leave school is the feeling
of isolation that they experience. The concern shown will help students get through difficult
times and keep working. Faculty have many avenues to follow to open up the lines of
communication.
Principle 2: Develop reciprocity and cooperation among students.
When students are encouraged to work as a team, more learning takes place. Characteristics of
good learning are collaborative and social, not competitive and isolated. Working together
improves thinking and understanding.
Principle 3: Encourage active learning.
Learning is an active process. Students are not able to learn much by only sitting in classes
listening to teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments, and churning out answers. They
must be able to talk about what they are learning, write about it, relate it to past experiences,
and apply it to their daily lives. Students need to make learning a part of themselves.
Principle 4: Give prompt feedback.
By knowing what you know and do not know gives a focus to learning. In order for students
to benefit from courses, they need appropriate feedback on their performance. When starting
out, students need help in evaluating their current knowledge and capabilities. Within the
classroom, students need frequent opportunities to perform and receive suggestions for
improvement. Throughout their time in college and especially at the end of their college career,
students need chances to reflect on what they have learned, what they still need to know, and
how to assess themselves.
PRINCIPLES OF NURSING EDUCATION
MEANING
Nursing
The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well in the
performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery or to peaceful death thus
he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge and to do this in
such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.
(The concept of nursing, Virginia Henderson; 1958)
Education
Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of
knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.
Educational methods include: storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and
directed research.
Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may
also educate themselves.
Nursing education
Nursing education means all activities which brings changes in the behaviour of student nurse
so as to prepare her to play her roles effectively as an individual and as a good responsible
citizen (K P Neeraja)
OBJECTIVES
• To prepare nurses who will give expert bed side nursing care in the hospital and home
• To provide integration of health and social aspects; theory and practice in generalized
public health nursing
• To provide an adequate sound scientific foundation, intelligent nursing to understand
the functioning of body and mind in health and disease
• To prepare nurses who will be able to work cooperatively with team members who are
engaged in health and welfare work
• To provide opportunities through curricular and extracurricular activities for the full
development of the personality of each individual students
• To ensure opportunities for initiative and resourcefulness, sense of responsibility for
oneself and others and broad professional and cultural interest
,PURPOSE
The basic purpose of nursing education is
▪ to prepare the nurse who after completion of the educational programme is able to plan
for and give comprehensive nursing care and health guidance to individuals and
families according to their needs
• The nurse must be prepared intellectually and morally enlightened and technically
proficient
• Nurse should be competent to teaching, oriented to community health and research minded
• Nurse must have the necessary knowledge, principles, skills and attitudes which are
essential to professional nursing practice
• Nursing students must develop competent health team members with sound judgement
intellectual and moral enlightenment, professional competence and expertise
• Nurse educators should guide the learning activities by acting as facilitators
AIMS
Aims of education: aim is a predetermined goal which inspires the individual to attain it through
appropriate activities
Factors determining educational aims
➢ Philosophy of life
➢ Elements of human nature
➢ Religious factors
➢ Political ideologies
➢ Socio economic factors and problems of the country
➢ Cultural factors
➢ Exploration of knowledge
General aims of education
o Vocational efficiency
o Knowledge
o Complete living
o Harmonious personality development
o Self realization
o Cultural development
o Citizenship
o Leisure
o Development of leadership
o Initiating students to the art of living
o Increased productivity
o Social and national integration
o Modernization
, o Social, moral and spiritual values
o For scientific temper
o For national cohesion, socialism, secularism and democracy
o Fostering research in all areas of development
o Equality
Ultimate aim of education
➢ Individual aims : To develop them into a distinct individual personality
➢ Social aims: : To develop personality by associating with others in cooperative living
and in working together for the welfare of the group or society
Aims of nursing education
Nursing education is the professional education for the preparation of nurses to enable them to
render professional nursing care to people of all ages in all phases of health and illness in a
variety of settings
Factors influencing nursing education
❖ Health needs of the people in the society
❖ Needs of the student and the time
❖ Philosophy of nursing
❖ Current trends in general and professional education
❖ Advances in science and technology
Aims
✓ Man power development
✓ Impart scientific and up to date knowledge in the area of medical, social, behavioural
and biological sciences
✓ Inculcate the appropriate nursing skills and the right attitude to the students
✓ Sufficient theory content and practical experience
✓ Implement health care programmes and health care services in society
✓ Improve professional development of each nurse and their profession
✓ All round personality development of individual
✓ Prepare nurses to participate in scientific nursing research
✓ Inculcate democratic values
, Principles of education (Walker centre for teaching and learning)
Principle 1: Encourage contact between students and faculty.
Building rapport with students is very important. The contact between students and teachers
are vital to the students' success. One of the main reasons students leave school is the feeling
of isolation that they experience. The concern shown will help students get through difficult
times and keep working. Faculty have many avenues to follow to open up the lines of
communication.
Principle 2: Develop reciprocity and cooperation among students.
When students are encouraged to work as a team, more learning takes place. Characteristics of
good learning are collaborative and social, not competitive and isolated. Working together
improves thinking and understanding.
Principle 3: Encourage active learning.
Learning is an active process. Students are not able to learn much by only sitting in classes
listening to teachers, memorizing pre-packaged assignments, and churning out answers. They
must be able to talk about what they are learning, write about it, relate it to past experiences,
and apply it to their daily lives. Students need to make learning a part of themselves.
Principle 4: Give prompt feedback.
By knowing what you know and do not know gives a focus to learning. In order for students
to benefit from courses, they need appropriate feedback on their performance. When starting
out, students need help in evaluating their current knowledge and capabilities. Within the
classroom, students need frequent opportunities to perform and receive suggestions for
improvement. Throughout their time in college and especially at the end of their college career,
students need chances to reflect on what they have learned, what they still need to know, and
how to assess themselves.
