Histology NBME exam questions with correct answers

Histology NBME exam questions with |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




correct answers |\




Defines cardiac muscle: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Connected by
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intercalated discs and composed of branched cells |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




No conn. tissue
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Three layers of cerebellum: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Inner:
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Granular layer |\




|\ Middle: Purkinje cells |\ |\ |\




|\ Outer: Molecular layer|\ |\




Derived from cytoplasm of megakaryocytes: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Platelets/thrombocytes |\




9+2 arrangement of microtubules: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cilia
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and axonemes |\




Needed for muscle contraction of skeletal muscle: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Ca2+ and ATP |\ |\ |\




Supporting cell of CNS - Oligodendrocytes function: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔neuroglia, provide support and insulation to axons
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in CNS.
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,Supporting cell of CNS-Microglia function: - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔resident macrophage cell, acts as first and main form of
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active immune defence in CNS.
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Supporting cell of CNS- Astrocyte function: - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔astroglia, star shaped in brain and spinal cord. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




They provide;
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-Biochemical support to endothelial cells |\ |\ |\ |\




-Contribute to blood brain barrier |\ |\ |\ |\




-Nutrients to nervous tissue |\ |\ |\




-Maintenance of extracellular ion balance |\ |\ |\ |\




-Repair in scarring process
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Supporting cell of CNS- Ependymal cell function: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔Thin neuroectodermal lining of ventricular system
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of brain and central canal of spinal cord. Involved in production of
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cerebrospinal fluid.
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Supporting cell of PNS- Schwann cell function: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔neurolemmocytes, principal glia of pns.
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Support neurons |\




Supporting cell of PNS- Satellite cell function: - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔glial cells that cover the surface of nerve cell
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bodies in sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia.
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,Supporting cells of PNS that are derived from neural crest of
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embryo: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Satellite cells
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Schwann cells |\




Supporting cell of PNS- Olfactory Ensheathing cell function: -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔assist axonal regeneration.
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Why are Macroglia known as olfactory schwann cells? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔because they ensheath non-myelinated axons of
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olfactory neurons (provide support)
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What are the three layers of the meninges? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔outer: dura mater
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middle: arachnoid mater
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inner: pia mater
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What is the composition of the dura mater? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔composed of dense irregular connective tissue
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What is the composition of the arachnoid mater? - CORRECT
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ANSWERS ✔✔composed of collagen and elastic fibers
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What is the composition of the pia mater? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔composed of cordocytes and blood vessels and fibrous |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\


connective tissue |\

, What section of the meninges is derived from the neural crest? -
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CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔arachnoid mater |\ |\ |\




Endocrine hormones: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cells transmit
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signals over long distances. Hormones are released into the
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bloodstream in order to reach cells far away. |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




Paracrine hormones: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cell produces a
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signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behaviour
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of those cells.
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Autocrine hormones: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Cell signals to
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itself, releasing substances that binds to the cells own surface
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Synaptic hormones: - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Communication of
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nerve cells, signals are transmitted through a junction between
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two cells.
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Direct contact through synapse, that is. This triggers the release
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of neurotransmitters.
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What is the function of a plasma cell? - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔WBC that secretes large volumes of antibodies (releases
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antibodies


Where do B-cells mature? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔Bone marrow
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