BYU NDFS 100 Final Exam – Questions With
Apposite Solutions
Identify the ways that nutrition affects health. Correct Answer -
Having proper nutrition with sufficient nutrients help your body
grow and maintain strong muscles, bones, skin, and blood. It helps
repair the body as well as prevent malnutrition and other diseases
("a lifetime of nourishment" in textbook)
Identify the six major nutrients, their roles in the body, and the
calorie values of the three macronutrients and alcohol. Correct
Answer - Minerals: regulation
Vitamins: regulation
Water: most vital to body
Carbs: yield energy, 4kcal/g
Fat: structure, energy, 9kcal/g
Protein: structure, energy, regulation, 4kcal/g
-(Alcohol: 7kcal/g)
List and define the 5 components of a nutritious diet. Correct
Answer - Balance (of food groups)
Variety (of food within groups)
Calorie Control (nutrients obtained within needed calories)
Moderation (low/correct amount of potentially harmful
substances)
Adequacy (enough of what's needed) (meeting the needs of the DRI
tables)
Use knowledge of the scientific method to find and recognize
credible sources of information. Correct Answer - Look at the
background/research
Unbiased, well-structured experiment
How it is analyzed
,Make sure the people have the proper certification
Large sample size
correlation does not equal causation
Identify the stages of behavior change. Correct Answer - Pre
contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Adoption/moving on
Use conversion equivalents. Correct Answer - 1000 calories =
1 Calorie (what we think of as calories)
Length
1 inch (in.) = 2.54 centimeters (cm)
Volume
1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons
1 cup = 8 fl oz or 16 tablespoons
1 quart (qt) = 4 cups
1 liter = 1000 mL
1 gallon = 16 c or 4 quarts
Weight
1 microgram (mcg or μg) = 1/1000 milligram (mg)
1 mg = 1000 mcg (or μg ) or 1/1000 gram (g)
1 g = 1000 mg
1 pound (lb) = 16 oz (wt)
1 kg = 2.2 lb
Define or describe DRI, RDA, AI, UL, EAR, and AMDR and their uses.
Correct Answer - DRI: dietary reference intake (set of reference
values for nutrient intake)
RDA: recommended dietary allowance (av intake for nutrient reqs)
98% people, gender
,AI: adequate intake (low evidence for RDA, so assumed nutritional
adequacy) when RDA is insufficient
UL: tolerable upper intake level (max daily safe level)45
EAR: estimated average requirement (majority's nutrient intake
level) 50% line for the nutrients
AMDR: acceptable macronutrient distribution range
Carb: 45-65%
Fat: 20-35%
Protein: 10-35%
Identify the purposes of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)
and the benefits of following these recommendations. Correct
Answer - Purposes:
i. Food based strategies for achieving nutrient intake goals
ii. Promote health (energy, low risk, etc.)
iii. Aims to fix the normal US diet (undersupplied needed nutrients
and oversupplied unnecessary nutrients)
iv. Healthy dietary pattern through wise choices w/o supplements
and few adjustments
v. Increase physical activity
b. Benefits:
i. Inc nervous, hormonal, immune systems health
ii. Proper body functions
iii. Healthy skin, glossy hair, natural attractiveness
c. Key Points
i. Addresses over/under nutrition
ii. Healthy eating pattern + physically active
iii. Nutrients over/under supplied in US diets
Use the USDA Eating Pattern to classify foods and compare their
nutritional value. Correct Answer - Food high in fat/sugar and
low in nutrient density should be limited
, Use the USDA Eating Pattern to inform individualized dietary
recommendations. This includes knowing USDA Eating Pattern
equivalents for fruits, vegetables, grains, milk, and protein foods
(meat and meat alternates). Correct Answer - 1 c fruit=
1 c fresh, frozen, cooked, or canned fruit
½ c dried fruit
1 c 100% fruit juice
1 c vegetables=
1 c cut-up raw or cooked vegetables
1 c cooked legumes - (should be ½ cup; wrong in the textbook)
1 c vegetable juice
2 c raw, leafy greens
1 oz grains=
1 slice bread
½ c cooked rice, pasta, or cereal
1 oz dry pasta or rice
1 c ready-to-eat cereal flakes
3 c popped popcorn
1 oz protein foods=
1 oz cooked lean meat, poultry, or seafood
1 egg
¼ c cooked legumes or tofu
1 tbs peanut butter
½ oz nuts or seeds
1 c milk or milk product=
1 c milk, yogurt, or fortified soy milk
1 ½ oz natural cheese
2 oz processed cheese
1 tsp oil=
1 tsp vegetable oil
1 tbs low-fat mayonnaise
1 tsp soft margarine
1 tbs low-fat margarine
2 tbs light salad dressing
Apposite Solutions
Identify the ways that nutrition affects health. Correct Answer -
Having proper nutrition with sufficient nutrients help your body
grow and maintain strong muscles, bones, skin, and blood. It helps
repair the body as well as prevent malnutrition and other diseases
("a lifetime of nourishment" in textbook)
Identify the six major nutrients, their roles in the body, and the
calorie values of the three macronutrients and alcohol. Correct
Answer - Minerals: regulation
Vitamins: regulation
Water: most vital to body
Carbs: yield energy, 4kcal/g
Fat: structure, energy, 9kcal/g
Protein: structure, energy, regulation, 4kcal/g
-(Alcohol: 7kcal/g)
List and define the 5 components of a nutritious diet. Correct
Answer - Balance (of food groups)
Variety (of food within groups)
Calorie Control (nutrients obtained within needed calories)
Moderation (low/correct amount of potentially harmful
substances)
Adequacy (enough of what's needed) (meeting the needs of the DRI
tables)
Use knowledge of the scientific method to find and recognize
credible sources of information. Correct Answer - Look at the
background/research
Unbiased, well-structured experiment
How it is analyzed
,Make sure the people have the proper certification
Large sample size
correlation does not equal causation
Identify the stages of behavior change. Correct Answer - Pre
contemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Adoption/moving on
Use conversion equivalents. Correct Answer - 1000 calories =
1 Calorie (what we think of as calories)
Length
1 inch (in.) = 2.54 centimeters (cm)
Volume
1 tablespoon = 3 teaspoons
1 cup = 8 fl oz or 16 tablespoons
1 quart (qt) = 4 cups
1 liter = 1000 mL
1 gallon = 16 c or 4 quarts
Weight
1 microgram (mcg or μg) = 1/1000 milligram (mg)
1 mg = 1000 mcg (or μg ) or 1/1000 gram (g)
1 g = 1000 mg
1 pound (lb) = 16 oz (wt)
1 kg = 2.2 lb
Define or describe DRI, RDA, AI, UL, EAR, and AMDR and their uses.
Correct Answer - DRI: dietary reference intake (set of reference
values for nutrient intake)
RDA: recommended dietary allowance (av intake for nutrient reqs)
98% people, gender
,AI: adequate intake (low evidence for RDA, so assumed nutritional
adequacy) when RDA is insufficient
UL: tolerable upper intake level (max daily safe level)45
EAR: estimated average requirement (majority's nutrient intake
level) 50% line for the nutrients
AMDR: acceptable macronutrient distribution range
Carb: 45-65%
Fat: 20-35%
Protein: 10-35%
Identify the purposes of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA)
and the benefits of following these recommendations. Correct
Answer - Purposes:
i. Food based strategies for achieving nutrient intake goals
ii. Promote health (energy, low risk, etc.)
iii. Aims to fix the normal US diet (undersupplied needed nutrients
and oversupplied unnecessary nutrients)
iv. Healthy dietary pattern through wise choices w/o supplements
and few adjustments
v. Increase physical activity
b. Benefits:
i. Inc nervous, hormonal, immune systems health
ii. Proper body functions
iii. Healthy skin, glossy hair, natural attractiveness
c. Key Points
i. Addresses over/under nutrition
ii. Healthy eating pattern + physically active
iii. Nutrients over/under supplied in US diets
Use the USDA Eating Pattern to classify foods and compare their
nutritional value. Correct Answer - Food high in fat/sugar and
low in nutrient density should be limited
, Use the USDA Eating Pattern to inform individualized dietary
recommendations. This includes knowing USDA Eating Pattern
equivalents for fruits, vegetables, grains, milk, and protein foods
(meat and meat alternates). Correct Answer - 1 c fruit=
1 c fresh, frozen, cooked, or canned fruit
½ c dried fruit
1 c 100% fruit juice
1 c vegetables=
1 c cut-up raw or cooked vegetables
1 c cooked legumes - (should be ½ cup; wrong in the textbook)
1 c vegetable juice
2 c raw, leafy greens
1 oz grains=
1 slice bread
½ c cooked rice, pasta, or cereal
1 oz dry pasta or rice
1 c ready-to-eat cereal flakes
3 c popped popcorn
1 oz protein foods=
1 oz cooked lean meat, poultry, or seafood
1 egg
¼ c cooked legumes or tofu
1 tbs peanut butter
½ oz nuts or seeds
1 c milk or milk product=
1 c milk, yogurt, or fortified soy milk
1 ½ oz natural cheese
2 oz processed cheese
1 tsp oil=
1 tsp vegetable oil
1 tbs low-fat mayonnaise
1 tsp soft margarine
1 tbs low-fat margarine
2 tbs light salad dressing
