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Samenvatting microbiologie:mycologie

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Uploaded on
July 7, 2025
Number of pages
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Written in
2024/2025
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Inhoud
Inleiding ................................................................................................................................................... 2
Bacteriën vs. fungi (zie ook pg. 5 les 1) ................................................................................................... 2
Opdeling .................................................................................................................................................. 3
Morfologie ............................................................................................................................................... 3
Verschillen tussen fungi en planten/dieren ............................................................................................ 4
Voortplanting .......................................................................................................................................... 4
Classificatie .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Indeling op basis van lokalisatie .............................................................................................................. 5
Mycoses door filamenteuze fungi ........................................................................................................... 6
Gisten .................................................................................................................................................... 13
Dimorfe fungi......................................................................................................................................... 15
Antifungale middelen + werking ........................................................................................................... 15




1

, Les 2: mycologie
Inleiding
• Mycologie = studie van aandoeningen veroorzaakt door fungi (gisten en schimmels)
o Mycosen (infectie)
o Allergieën
o Intoxicaties
• Van belang in zowel positieve als negatieve zin:
o Positief: zie les inleading
o Negatief: pathogeen → toenemend belang gezien toenemende incidentie van
immuungecompromitteerde personen

• Hun exacte plaats in taxonomie stond lang ter discussie
• Aparte rijk onder levende organismen (verschillend van dieren/planten)
• Rijk van de Eumycota

Bacteriën vs. fungi (zie ook pg. 5 les 1)




• 100 000 species
• Enkele honderden pathogeen bij mens en dier

• Primaire pathogenen: veroorzaken bij besmetting regelmatig ziekteverschijnselen bij ten
minste een deel van de gevoelige, maar overigens gezonde populatie
• Opportunistische pathogenen : geven slechts aanleiding tot ziekte bij verlaagde weerstand
o Hematologische maligniteiten
o HIV
o Orgaantransplantaties (krijgen immuunsuppressie toegediend)
o Immunotherapie,…
→ Belang van fungi neemt toe gezien toenemend aantal immuungecompromitteerde patiënten


• Heterotroof metabolisme: = afhankelijk van organische koolstofbronnen voor voeding 2
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