US. History Exam #1 Questions and Answers correct

US. History Exam #1 Questions and Answers correct Be able to explain the reasons for English colonization in America? Settlers wanted to come to America to escape religious persecution, economic opportunity and to be able to be free from the rules of Great Britain and the war they had with the French. •Know details about Jamestown and the settlers who lived there? Jamestown was one of the first cities established it is where Captain John smith (AKA John Ralph) met Pocahontas. John married Pocahontas and Jamestown and the powhattan tribe was at peace. Soon after the powhattan tribe attacked James town killing their workforce so King James took over Jamestown and declared it a royal colony and sent troops to protect it. The chief of powhattan tribe started a two year battle killing 500 colonist. Governor Berkley ordered the chief imprisoned and he was shot in the back of the head. What raw materials did England desire from the new colonies? The raw materials that England desired from the new colonies were gold, timber, tobacco, ECT... What was the of the Virginia Company of London what purpose did it serve? The Virginia Company of London started the headright system which allowed England citizens to pay their way to America and they would receive 50 acres of land. If one could not afford to go to America they became Indentured servants; once they worked off their pay they were able to get land or become free. Whats was The House of Burgesses was modeled after? The House of Burgesses was modeled after the English parliament. details about the Powhatan people and English settlers interactions? Powhattan tribe attacked James town killing their workforce so King James took over Jamestown and declared it a royal colony and sent troops to protect it. The chief of powhattan tribe started a two year battle killing 500 colonist. Governor Berkley ordered the chief imprisoned and he was shot in the back of the head. What was Mercantilism? Mercantilism is when the colonies provided the raw material and became a market for English goods What were the Navigation Acts? The navigation acts were acts that restricted the colonies from trading with other countries: -All good must be shipped on British or colonial ships -The ships must have the same crew -They are only allowed to ship good to England What was the Glorious Revolution? The glorious revolution is where a revoultion began to remove king James. it established the supremacy of parliament over the crown, setting Britain on the path towards constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. What is salutary neglect? British policy of avoiding strict enforcement of parliamentary laws, meant to keep the American colonies obedient to England What was the triangular trade Triangular trades was the colonies would ship good to England, England would go to Africa to get slaves, slaves would come to the colonies What happened in the Stono Rebellion? In the Stono rebellion the slaves heard rumors that if they make it to Florida they would be set free. So a militia led by Gimini road to Florida and cornered runaway slaved at the stono river and decapitated them and placed their heads on a stick so that any other slaves who tried to escape there would be warned of what would happen if they tried to leave What are some details about the Negro Act 1740? The slaves kept uprising by burning armory and killing white so the government passed the Negro act which prevented the slaves from learning to read, meeting in groups, raising food, mad making money. What happened in the Witchcraft Trials in Salem? Millions of people died because they were accused of being witches. The idea of magic was against the communities view that witches do not exist only religion with god does. What was the Enlightenment era? The Enlightenment era was when there was burst of creativity and art and writing became very popular. It focused on new inventions, the idea of individualism, and humanism (John Locke and Thomas Paine/ Social contract & Common Sense) What was the Great Awakening? The great awakening was the period in history that offered religious renewal. The people went back to the church. what are details about the French and Indian War? Known as seven years' war. It was the British fighting against the French for land east of the original colonies. Native Americans would help decide the way the war went. Britain treated them badly and took their food and land. France was friendly with them. The Native Americans sided with the French and the British suffered losses because of guerilla warfare. British won and decided to get back at natives by giving them diseased goods. The war was officially ended with the treaty of Paris where France gives up land in Canada and territory east of Mississippi. The war left England broke and to raise taxes on the colonist again. What was the Proclamation of 1763? Proclamation of 1763 was a document used to halt westward expansion and keep the colonist east of the Appalachian. What was the Sugar Act? Placed taxes on imported goods that was not taxed before These placed duties (taxes) on certain imports that had not been taxed before? Sugar Act What were Vice-Admiralty Courts Vice -admiral courts where navy courts What was the Stamp Act? Stamp act put taxes on documents and printed items Who were the Sons of Liberty? (Started by Samuel adams) Sons of liberty was a resistance groups that protested against the new acts What was the Townshend Act? Townshend Act put taxes on led, paints, and brought about No taxation without representation This event took place in 1770 when a mob taunted British soldiers - 5 colonists were killed The Boston massacre (first man killed was free black man) What is Intolerable Act? Act that closed the Boston harbor so they could not trade and brought in more troops to control the people (Closing of harbor, quarter act, marshal law) This group met in 1774 and drew up rights and orgainized military preparation. Know the names of who was involved. 1st continental congress (appointed G. Washington as leader) What was Name of British General that decided on an attack on Breed's Hill? Gage What was Olive Branch Petition? Olive Branch petition was the last effort that congress did to restore peace before they declared independence and the war would begin. Name the individuals were loyal to the independence of the colonies? Patriots Name The individuals that were still fighting for the Monarchs and British control? Loyalist who was te French military leader______that helpped the Colonial troops became effective fighters Marquis de Lafayette Who surreneded at Yorkstown, Va. on October 18, 1781? General Cornwallis The ______ signed in September of 1783 and officially recognized the independence of the United States and set boundaries Treaty of Paris Who were Anti-Federalists & Federalists? Anti-federalist were people who favored States Rights and Federalist were people who wanted ta strong federal government The Second Continental Congress issued a set of laws called the______ in 1781. What where some weaknesses? -Articles of Confederation -weakness of articles of confederation; state rights, taxes, court system, nation unity What event highlighted he weakness of the central government? Shay's Rebellion What were the New Jersey Plan and Virginia Plan? New Jersey plan wanted legislation based on one state one vote. Virginia plan wanted legislation based on state population Who was Daniel Shay? Daniel Shay was the man that led the farmers to the US arsenal in Springfield What is the Elastic Clause what purpose does it serve? The elastic clause allowed the constitution to be flexible without being completely thrown out Which amendment states: "Powers not delegated to the national government, nor prohibited to the states, are reserved to the states, or to the people? 10th Amendment This individual wanted a National Bank fully funded by the Government? Alexander Hamilton This event set a precedent for armed forces to support federal authority Whiskey Rebellion What happened with Adams and the XYZ affair? Adams wanted to avoid war with France so he sent three officials to meet with France but France seized 3 of American ships and sent low level officials to meet with the US. Adam insulted France officials by calling them XYZ. Next two years France and U.S had an undeclared war What are the Alien and Sedition Acts? Act created by Adams that raised the citizenship requirement to 5-14 years and allowed the president to deport anyone he feels threatens the country. The act also fined and jailed anyone for taking bad about the government In (1819) what secured Florida & southern- most areas of SE America? Treaty with Spain In an attempt to free South Carolina from the tariff, John Calhoun (Jackson's VP from S.C.), developed the_______ Theory of nullification