AQA AS BIOLOGY ACTUAL TEST PAPER 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Non-competitive Inhibitor - ✔✔Binds with the allosteric site, which changes the
shape of the active site.
✔✔End-product Inhibitors - ✔✔The end-product made at the end of the reaction fits in
the active site of enzyme 1, meaning that it acts as a competitive inhibitor.
✔✔ATP - ✔✔Used as an energy source for respiration and photosynthesis in cells.
✔✔ADP - ✔✔Formed when the outer phosphorus molecule breaks off ATP to release
energy.
✔✔Fick's Law - ✔✔Area of diffusion surface X Concentration Gradient
____________________________________________________
Diffusion Distance
✔✔Oral Rehydration Solution - ✔✔Used as a treatment for dehydration caused by
diarrhea.
✔✔Microvilli - ✔✔Cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area of cells
and minimize any increase in volume
✔✔Co-transport - ✔✔The process in which two substances are simultaneously
transported across a membrane by one protein
✔✔Micelles - ✔✔Fatty acids and monoglycerides are emulsified to form these.
Hydrophilic heads face the outside and hydrophobic tails face inwards.
✔✔Alveoli - ✔✔Sacs found in the lungs used for gas exchange.
✔✔Asthma - ✔✔A respiratory condition where the airways become inflamed and
irritated.
✔✔Pulmonary Fibrosis - ✔✔The formation of lung scar tissue in the lungs
✔✔Pulmonary Tuberculosis - ✔✔A lung disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
✔✔Emphysema - ✔✔A lung disease caused by smoking which leads to destruction of
the alveoli walls.
✔✔Spiracles - ✔✔Gases enter and leave the insect tracheal system through these
small holes.
, ✔✔Gill Filaments - ✔✔Finger-like projections found in gills which give a large surface
area.
✔✔Operculum - ✔✔The bony covering of gills.
✔✔Buccal Cavity - ✔✔The portion of the oral cavity bounded by the lips, cheeks, and
gums. Controls pressure in a fish's mouth.
✔✔Countercurrent Exchange - ✔✔Water and blood move in opposite directions in a
fish's pulmonary system to maintain a concentration gradient.
✔✔Inspiration - ✔✔Internal intercostal muscles relax so the ribs move upwards and
outwards during this process.
✔✔Expiration - ✔✔Internal intercostal muscles contract so the ribs move downwards
and inwards during this process.
✔✔Pulmonary Ventilation - ✔✔= Breathing rate (min-1) X Tidal Volume (dm3)
✔✔Spirometer - ✔✔
✔✔Nucleus - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains the nucleolus (containing DNA)
✔✔Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains ribosomes; it is
situated next to the nucleus.
✔✔Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ✔✔Cell organelle which is involved in lipid
synthesis.
✔✔Ribosome - ✔✔Very small cell organelle which is involved in protein synthesis.
✔✔Lysosome - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains digestive enzymes
✔✔Mitochondrion - ✔✔Cell organelle which produces ATP
✔✔Chloroplast - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis
✔✔Golgi Apparatus - ✔✔Cell organelle which packs molecules into vesicles
✔✔Virus - ✔✔A non-living, acellular particle which uses a host cell to reproduce.
✔✔Eukaryote - ✔✔An organism which contains membrane bound organelles.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔✔Non-competitive Inhibitor - ✔✔Binds with the allosteric site, which changes the
shape of the active site.
✔✔End-product Inhibitors - ✔✔The end-product made at the end of the reaction fits in
the active site of enzyme 1, meaning that it acts as a competitive inhibitor.
✔✔ATP - ✔✔Used as an energy source for respiration and photosynthesis in cells.
✔✔ADP - ✔✔Formed when the outer phosphorus molecule breaks off ATP to release
energy.
✔✔Fick's Law - ✔✔Area of diffusion surface X Concentration Gradient
____________________________________________________
Diffusion Distance
✔✔Oral Rehydration Solution - ✔✔Used as a treatment for dehydration caused by
diarrhea.
✔✔Microvilli - ✔✔Cellular membrane protrusions that increase the surface area of cells
and minimize any increase in volume
✔✔Co-transport - ✔✔The process in which two substances are simultaneously
transported across a membrane by one protein
✔✔Micelles - ✔✔Fatty acids and monoglycerides are emulsified to form these.
Hydrophilic heads face the outside and hydrophobic tails face inwards.
✔✔Alveoli - ✔✔Sacs found in the lungs used for gas exchange.
✔✔Asthma - ✔✔A respiratory condition where the airways become inflamed and
irritated.
✔✔Pulmonary Fibrosis - ✔✔The formation of lung scar tissue in the lungs
✔✔Pulmonary Tuberculosis - ✔✔A lung disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
✔✔Emphysema - ✔✔A lung disease caused by smoking which leads to destruction of
the alveoli walls.
✔✔Spiracles - ✔✔Gases enter and leave the insect tracheal system through these
small holes.
, ✔✔Gill Filaments - ✔✔Finger-like projections found in gills which give a large surface
area.
✔✔Operculum - ✔✔The bony covering of gills.
✔✔Buccal Cavity - ✔✔The portion of the oral cavity bounded by the lips, cheeks, and
gums. Controls pressure in a fish's mouth.
✔✔Countercurrent Exchange - ✔✔Water and blood move in opposite directions in a
fish's pulmonary system to maintain a concentration gradient.
✔✔Inspiration - ✔✔Internal intercostal muscles relax so the ribs move upwards and
outwards during this process.
✔✔Expiration - ✔✔Internal intercostal muscles contract so the ribs move downwards
and inwards during this process.
✔✔Pulmonary Ventilation - ✔✔= Breathing rate (min-1) X Tidal Volume (dm3)
✔✔Spirometer - ✔✔
✔✔Nucleus - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains the nucleolus (containing DNA)
✔✔Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains ribosomes; it is
situated next to the nucleus.
✔✔Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ✔✔Cell organelle which is involved in lipid
synthesis.
✔✔Ribosome - ✔✔Very small cell organelle which is involved in protein synthesis.
✔✔Lysosome - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains digestive enzymes
✔✔Mitochondrion - ✔✔Cell organelle which produces ATP
✔✔Chloroplast - ✔✔Cell organelle which contains chlorophyll for photosynthesis
✔✔Golgi Apparatus - ✔✔Cell organelle which packs molecules into vesicles
✔✔Virus - ✔✔A non-living, acellular particle which uses a host cell to reproduce.
✔✔Eukaryote - ✔✔An organism which contains membrane bound organelles.
