Pediatrics HESI Questions and Correct Answers 2024 - 2025
The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-old female client who is scheduled for surgery
to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken
place?
I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to turn
To take the vital signs of a 4-month-old child, which order provides the most accurate results?
Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic
membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should the nurse take
next?
Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infant with pyloric
stenosis?
Observe for projectile vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis
A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care should be
included when caring for any restrained child?
Remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion exercises.
*needs to have movement and passive ROM exercises.
A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical examination. The
nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?
Congenital heart disease is the most common defect found in those with DS
,When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that crying should be
minimized because it
stresses the suture line
*need to maintain the skin integrity
Which behavior would the nurse expect a 2-year-old child to exhibit?
Display possessiveness of toys.
*egocentric thinking
When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions during
inspiration! inspiration causes show the presence of intercostal retractions
A hospitalized 16-year-old male refuses all visits from his classmates because he is concerned about his
distorted appearance. To increase the client's social interaction, what intervention is best for the nurse
to initiate?
Arrange for an Internet connection in the client's room for email communication.
adolescent: body image and peer acceptance are the main concerns; email communication will still
allow peer communication and acceptance while preserving his body image
A 17-year-old male student reports to the school clinic one morning for a scheduled health exam. He
tells the nurse that he just finished football practice and is on his way to class. The nurse assesses his
vital signs: temperature 100° F, pulse 80, respirations 20, and blood pressure 122/82. What is the best
action for the nurse to take?
Tell the student to proceed directly to his regularly scheduled class.
,-he just came from football practice, which increases his muscle activity. 100.4 is a regular temp.
A child falls on the playground and is brought to the school nurse with a small laceration on the forearm.
Which action should the nurse implement first?
Wash the wound gently with mild soap and water.
-hydrogen peroxide +povidone-iodine = will irritate the wound.
clean the wound first to prevent infection then put ice
A 16-year-old is brought to the Emergency Center with a crushed leg after falling off a horse. The
adolescent's last tetanus toxoid booster was received eight years ago. What action should the nurse
take?
Administer tetanus toxoid booster.
Detanus is part of DTAP vaccine.
-first dose: 6 months
-booster shoot: adolescent or adults
-booster shot: traumatic injury-->contaminated with by dirt, feces, soil or saliva
puncture or crushing injuries, avulsions, wounds from missiles, burns, or frostbite
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and nausea. Which
action should the nurse implement?
Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
-adjust IV fluids
, -TPN- cannot d/c or increase fluids--> hypoglycemia
-blood transfusion--> can d/c it -->anaphylic reaction
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's traction. Which finding should the
nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
-skin traction: force is applied to the skin
-skeletal traction: pin or wire applies pull directly to the distal bone fragment
A premature newborn girl, born 24 hours ago, is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and
placed under an oxygen hood at 35%. The parents visit the nursery and ask to hold her. Which response
should the nurse provide to the parents?
The oxygen hood is holding the baby's oxygen level just at the point which is needed. You may stroke
and talk to her.
-room air is 21%, since the oxygen hood is at 35% the baby needs the oxygen hood. offer an alternative
like stroke the infant and offer reassurance
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis about respiratory treatments. Which
statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
aerosol therapy then postural drainage before meals or 1 hour after
aerosol therapy loosens up the secretions, then postural drainage moves it up
The clinic nurse is taking the history for a new 6-month-old client. The mother reports that she took a
great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which assessment should the nurse obtain?
The nurse is giving preoperative instructions to a 14-year-old female client who is scheduled for surgery
to correct a spinal curvature. Which statement by the client best demonstrates that learning has taken
place?
I understand that I will be in a body cast and I will show you how you taught me to turn
To take the vital signs of a 4-month-old child, which order provides the most accurate results?
Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic
membrane that is pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should the nurse take
next?
Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the plan of care for an infant with pyloric
stenosis?
Observe for projectile vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis
A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in place. What nursing care should be
included when caring for any restrained child?
Remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion exercises.
*needs to have movement and passive ROM exercises.
A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic for his regular physical examination. The
nurse knows which problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?
Congenital heart disease is the most common defect found in those with DS
,When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair, the nurse knows that crying should be
minimized because it
stresses the suture line
*need to maintain the skin integrity
Which behavior would the nurse expect a 2-year-old child to exhibit?
Display possessiveness of toys.
*egocentric thinking
When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect intercostal retractions during
inspiration! inspiration causes show the presence of intercostal retractions
A hospitalized 16-year-old male refuses all visits from his classmates because he is concerned about his
distorted appearance. To increase the client's social interaction, what intervention is best for the nurse
to initiate?
Arrange for an Internet connection in the client's room for email communication.
adolescent: body image and peer acceptance are the main concerns; email communication will still
allow peer communication and acceptance while preserving his body image
A 17-year-old male student reports to the school clinic one morning for a scheduled health exam. He
tells the nurse that he just finished football practice and is on his way to class. The nurse assesses his
vital signs: temperature 100° F, pulse 80, respirations 20, and blood pressure 122/82. What is the best
action for the nurse to take?
Tell the student to proceed directly to his regularly scheduled class.
,-he just came from football practice, which increases his muscle activity. 100.4 is a regular temp.
A child falls on the playground and is brought to the school nurse with a small laceration on the forearm.
Which action should the nurse implement first?
Wash the wound gently with mild soap and water.
-hydrogen peroxide +povidone-iodine = will irritate the wound.
clean the wound first to prevent infection then put ice
A 16-year-old is brought to the Emergency Center with a crushed leg after falling off a horse. The
adolescent's last tetanus toxoid booster was received eight years ago. What action should the nurse
take?
Administer tetanus toxoid booster.
Detanus is part of DTAP vaccine.
-first dose: 6 months
-booster shoot: adolescent or adults
-booster shot: traumatic injury-->contaminated with by dirt, feces, soil or saliva
puncture or crushing injuries, avulsions, wounds from missiles, burns, or frostbite
During administration of a blood transfusion, a child complains of chills, headache, and nausea. Which
action should the nurse implement?
Stop the infusion immediately and notify the healthcare provider.
-adjust IV fluids
, -TPN- cannot d/c or increase fluids--> hypoglycemia
-blood transfusion--> can d/c it -->anaphylic reaction
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a child in Russell's traction. Which finding should the
nurse report to the healthcare provider?
Pale bluish coloration of the toes.
-skin traction: force is applied to the skin
-skeletal traction: pin or wire applies pull directly to the distal bone fragment
A premature newborn girl, born 24 hours ago, is diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and
placed under an oxygen hood at 35%. The parents visit the nursery and ask to hold her. Which response
should the nurse provide to the parents?
The oxygen hood is holding the baby's oxygen level just at the point which is needed. You may stroke
and talk to her.
-room air is 21%, since the oxygen hood is at 35% the baby needs the oxygen hood. offer an alternative
like stroke the infant and offer reassurance
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis about respiratory treatments. Which
statement indicates to the nurse that the parents understand?
aerosol therapy then postural drainage before meals or 1 hour after
aerosol therapy loosens up the secretions, then postural drainage moves it up
The clinic nurse is taking the history for a new 6-month-old client. The mother reports that she took a
great deal of aspirin while pregnant. Which assessment should the nurse obtain?
