BIO 230 EXAM REVIEW SET
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which cells in a human contain the genetic information (GENES) that will be passed
on to the next generation? - ANSWER-gametes (sperm or egg)
Which type of cells in your body are most likely to acquire mutations? - ANSWER-
cells undergoing mitosis
The vast majority of cells in your body... - ANSWER-cannot divide
A liver cell has an aflatoxin DNA adduct, which causes a mistake (mutation) during
DNA replication (copying).
After four cell divisions - resulting in 16 cells - how many of the cells will have a
mutation in the DNA sequence? - ANSWER-8 cells
Central Dogma of Biology - ANSWER-DNA -> RNA -> Protein
cell division - ANSWER-from parent cell to its daughter cells
Inheritance - ANSWER-one generation to the next
Homozygous - ANSWER-An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous - ANSWER-An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Genotype - ANSWER-genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype - ANSWER-An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Dominant - ANSWER-Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form
of that trait.
Recessive - ANSWER-An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
Telomerase - ANSWER-An enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in
eukaryotic germ cells.
Telomerase - ANSWER-is the protein that re build telomeres IN SOME CELLS by
adding more TTAGG repeats to the ends of chromosomes.
Cells that have active telomerase - ANSWER-eukaryotic germ cells, (egg and
sperm)
stem cells
90%of cancer cells, HeLa cells
Promoter - ANSWER-non coding DNA sequence that controls when and where the
gene is "turned on" (transcribed)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which cells in a human contain the genetic information (GENES) that will be passed
on to the next generation? - ANSWER-gametes (sperm or egg)
Which type of cells in your body are most likely to acquire mutations? - ANSWER-
cells undergoing mitosis
The vast majority of cells in your body... - ANSWER-cannot divide
A liver cell has an aflatoxin DNA adduct, which causes a mistake (mutation) during
DNA replication (copying).
After four cell divisions - resulting in 16 cells - how many of the cells will have a
mutation in the DNA sequence? - ANSWER-8 cells
Central Dogma of Biology - ANSWER-DNA -> RNA -> Protein
cell division - ANSWER-from parent cell to its daughter cells
Inheritance - ANSWER-one generation to the next
Homozygous - ANSWER-An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait
Heterozygous - ANSWER-An organism that has two different alleles for a trait
Genotype - ANSWER-genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype - ANSWER-An organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
Dominant - ANSWER-Describes a trait that covers over, or dominates, another form
of that trait.
Recessive - ANSWER-An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present
Telomerase - ANSWER-An enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in
eukaryotic germ cells.
Telomerase - ANSWER-is the protein that re build telomeres IN SOME CELLS by
adding more TTAGG repeats to the ends of chromosomes.
Cells that have active telomerase - ANSWER-eukaryotic germ cells, (egg and
sperm)
stem cells
90%of cancer cells, HeLa cells
Promoter - ANSWER-non coding DNA sequence that controls when and where the
gene is "turned on" (transcribed)
