Portage Learning BIOD 121 Module 2 Exam
QUESTION
There are 3 processes that the body can use to absorb nutrients from
the GI tract into the blood or lymph system and eventually into the
cells. What are they:
- ANSWER -passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active
transport
Passive diffusion: - ANSWER -in which substances move easily in
and out of the cells without the use of energy
Facilitated diffusion: - ANSWER -is a process in which special
protein carriers are needed to help substances cross into or out of the
cell/ No energy is required in this
Active Transport: - ANSWER -is when energy is needed to get the
substance into or out of the cell
QUESTION
Before food enters the mouth, the digestive process actually begins
with a variety of stimulus. Name 5
: - ANSWER –
1. cognition - thoughts about food start the slow of saliva
2. sound - hearing a description of a meal
3. odor - the smell of the food stimulates your hunger response and
aids in taste
4. appearance - seeing it
5. taste - how it feels when the food enters the mouth
QUESTION
Where is the mouth on the GI tract and what is its function:
- ANSWER -it is the beginning of the GI tract; its function of the
mouth is to alter the food particles to prepare them to be swallowed
pg. 1
,QUESTION
The tongue gives us the ability to taste. What are the five flavors that
an be identified:
- ANSWER -sweet, salty, sour bitter, and umami
QUESTION
The end by product of digestion in the mouth is known as a:
- ANSWER -bolus
QUESTION
Digestion:
- ANSWER -is the process of transforming food into basic nutrients
that can be absorbed across the wall of the GI tract; once absorbed,
the nutrients can be used to fuel our cells for growth, fight infection,
and provide energy to our muscles and brain to perform daily
activities
QUESTION
The GI tract is a long hollow tube that begins:
- ANSWER -with the mouth and ends at the anus
QUESTION
The innermost layer of the GI tract is known as the _______ or
_______. This is made up of absorptive cells and glands.
- ANSWER -intestinal wall; mucosa
Ulcers/Peptic ulcer:
- ANSWER -a sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus,
stomach, or small intestine
QUESTION
The other layers of the GI tract are compromised of ________. There
job is to:
pg. 2
,- ANSWER -circular and longitudinal muscles; is to mix the food and
move it along the GI tract
QUESTION
What are the organs apart of the digestive process, but not apart of the
GI tract:
- ANSWER -salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
QUESTION
There are six specific parts of the GI tract:
- ANSWER -the mouth, esophagus, stomach. small intestine, large
intestine, and the rectum
QUESTION
What role do organs play in the digestion system:
- ANSWER -to produce and secrete substances that aid in digestion
QUESTION
In the digestive system,the breakdown of food into smaller units
involves:
- ANSWER -chemical and mechanical processes
QUESTION
What is the esophagus and is its role:
- ANSWER -it is the tube that connects the throat with the stomach;
its role is to transport food to the stomach
QUESTION
During the swallowing process foods land on a flap of tissue called
the __________. What is its role:
- ANSWER -epiglottis; it folds down over the trachea/windpipe
during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea
QUESTION
pg. 3
, Without the epiglottis:
- ANSWER -food could accidentally enter the trachea and the result
would be chocking
QUESTION
What is the esophageal sphincter and where is it located:
- ANSWER -it is a circular muscle that closes once food moves
through the stomach to prevent back flow of stomach contents unto
the esophagus; it is located at the end of the esophagus
QUESTION
The stomach has a _______ cup capacity and can hold food for
_______ or longer, until it is ready to pass into the small intestine.
- ANSWER -4; 2-3 hours
QUESTION
What is the role of the stomach:
- ANSWER -to store, mix, dissolve, and continue digestion of food
QUESTION
Pepsin:
- ANSWER -is an enzyme that breaks down proteins
QUESTION
Gastric Lipase:
- ANSWER -an enzyme that begins fat digestion
QUESTION
What is the purpose of digestion:
- ANSWER -in which the nutrients we consume in our food would
never get to the cells in our body
QUESTION
pg. 4
QUESTION
There are 3 processes that the body can use to absorb nutrients from
the GI tract into the blood or lymph system and eventually into the
cells. What are they:
- ANSWER -passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active
transport
Passive diffusion: - ANSWER -in which substances move easily in
and out of the cells without the use of energy
Facilitated diffusion: - ANSWER -is a process in which special
protein carriers are needed to help substances cross into or out of the
cell/ No energy is required in this
Active Transport: - ANSWER -is when energy is needed to get the
substance into or out of the cell
QUESTION
Before food enters the mouth, the digestive process actually begins
with a variety of stimulus. Name 5
: - ANSWER –
1. cognition - thoughts about food start the slow of saliva
2. sound - hearing a description of a meal
3. odor - the smell of the food stimulates your hunger response and
aids in taste
4. appearance - seeing it
5. taste - how it feels when the food enters the mouth
QUESTION
Where is the mouth on the GI tract and what is its function:
- ANSWER -it is the beginning of the GI tract; its function of the
mouth is to alter the food particles to prepare them to be swallowed
pg. 1
,QUESTION
The tongue gives us the ability to taste. What are the five flavors that
an be identified:
- ANSWER -sweet, salty, sour bitter, and umami
QUESTION
The end by product of digestion in the mouth is known as a:
- ANSWER -bolus
QUESTION
Digestion:
- ANSWER -is the process of transforming food into basic nutrients
that can be absorbed across the wall of the GI tract; once absorbed,
the nutrients can be used to fuel our cells for growth, fight infection,
and provide energy to our muscles and brain to perform daily
activities
QUESTION
The GI tract is a long hollow tube that begins:
- ANSWER -with the mouth and ends at the anus
QUESTION
The innermost layer of the GI tract is known as the _______ or
_______. This is made up of absorptive cells and glands.
- ANSWER -intestinal wall; mucosa
Ulcers/Peptic ulcer:
- ANSWER -a sore that develops on the lining of the esophagus,
stomach, or small intestine
QUESTION
The other layers of the GI tract are compromised of ________. There
job is to:
pg. 2
,- ANSWER -circular and longitudinal muscles; is to mix the food and
move it along the GI tract
QUESTION
What are the organs apart of the digestive process, but not apart of the
GI tract:
- ANSWER -salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
QUESTION
There are six specific parts of the GI tract:
- ANSWER -the mouth, esophagus, stomach. small intestine, large
intestine, and the rectum
QUESTION
What role do organs play in the digestion system:
- ANSWER -to produce and secrete substances that aid in digestion
QUESTION
In the digestive system,the breakdown of food into smaller units
involves:
- ANSWER -chemical and mechanical processes
QUESTION
What is the esophagus and is its role:
- ANSWER -it is the tube that connects the throat with the stomach;
its role is to transport food to the stomach
QUESTION
During the swallowing process foods land on a flap of tissue called
the __________. What is its role:
- ANSWER -epiglottis; it folds down over the trachea/windpipe
during swallowing to prevent food from entering the trachea
QUESTION
pg. 3
, Without the epiglottis:
- ANSWER -food could accidentally enter the trachea and the result
would be chocking
QUESTION
What is the esophageal sphincter and where is it located:
- ANSWER -it is a circular muscle that closes once food moves
through the stomach to prevent back flow of stomach contents unto
the esophagus; it is located at the end of the esophagus
QUESTION
The stomach has a _______ cup capacity and can hold food for
_______ or longer, until it is ready to pass into the small intestine.
- ANSWER -4; 2-3 hours
QUESTION
What is the role of the stomach:
- ANSWER -to store, mix, dissolve, and continue digestion of food
QUESTION
Pepsin:
- ANSWER -is an enzyme that breaks down proteins
QUESTION
Gastric Lipase:
- ANSWER -an enzyme that begins fat digestion
QUESTION
What is the purpose of digestion:
- ANSWER -in which the nutrients we consume in our food would
never get to the cells in our body
QUESTION
pg. 4
