SPAUD 344: Audiology Exam 2 well
answered to pass
1. *able to test difficult to test populations (babies who can't raise hand when they hear tone)
*able to get cross checks (verify type of hearing loss and may give info about degree of hearing
loss)
*lots of info but person doesn't have to do anything
2. *involve measurement of sounds within the ear canal
*not dependent on patient's attention to stimulus (person can be asleep)
*part of the audiometric test battery
*help to confirm findings of subjective tests
*help to determine the functional integrity of the ME
3. *assess auditory function in patients who cannot participate in behavioral testing (children,
cognitive deficits, any difficult to test patient)
*hearing screening of newborn babies
*documenting abnormal function of the auditory system - correct answer ✔✔1. Objective
Testing characteristics
2. Electroacoustic tests
3. clinical uses
1. *immittance- an all-encompassing term to describe the measurements made of the TM
impedance (amount of sound prevented from going through), compliance (amount of
movement ear drum actually has), or admittance (amount of sound that goes through the
system) (admittance= impedance + compliance)
*can indirectly determine ME function based on TM measurements
2. *also called mid ear analyzers
*static acoustic compliance
,*tympanometry
*acoustic reflex
3. *the impedance of any object is determined by its frictional resistance, mass, and stiffness in
the ear
*resistance- determined by the ligaments that support the three bones in the ME cavity
*mass- determined by the weight of these three bones and the weight of the TM
*stiffness- determined by the load of fluid pressure from the IE on the base of the stapes, the
most medial bone of the ME - correct answer ✔✔1. Acoustic Immittance
2. Measurements of Acoustic Immittance Meters
3. Contributors to Impedance
* three rubber tubes attached to a metal ear probe
-miniature loud-speaker: emits a pure tone (typically at 220 or 226 Hz)
-tiny microphone: picks up the sound in the external ear canal
-air pump: creates either positive or negative air pressure within the canal
*a plastic or rubber cuff of an appropriate size is placed around the probe to attain an hermetic
(air tight) seal
*an insert earphone or supra-aural ear phone: connected to the reflex activator system and is
attached to the side opposite the probe assembly
-this may also function as a built-in pure tone audiometer
*all immittance devices must be calibrated annually - correct answer ✔✔Equipment
1. compliance is comprised of two automatic measures that can tell the equivalent volume of
the external ear canal and the mobility (compliance) of the TM
2. a properly selected probe tip is pressed into the ear canal; a tight seal is obtained; positive
pressure is increased with the air pump
3. the immittance meter takes a first reading with the TM mobility decreased due to the positive
pressure (+200daPa) introduced into the ear canal
,4. the second measure is attained when the pressure in the external ear canal is decreased until
the TM achieves maximum compliance (equal pressure on both sides- when the eardrum moves
best)
5. the static acoustic compliance of the ME is the difference between these two measures -
correct answer ✔✔Static Acoustic Compliance
1. What
2. Getting started
3. Measure 1
4. Measure 2
5. Computing Acoustic Compliance
1. measurement of ME pressure, determined by the mobility of the TM as a function of various
amounts of positive and negative air pressure in the external ear canal --> the more positive or
negative the air pressure in the external ear canal, the more the normal middle-ear system
becomes immobilized
2. *admittance/ compliance of TM
*tympanometric peak pressure (TPP)
*tympanometric width (TW)
*equivalent ear canal volume (Vea)
3. *the tympanic membrane is loaded with air pressure equal to +200daPa (creates stiffness)
*compliance is measured
*successive measurements of compliance are made as the pressure in the canal is decreased
*after the pressure has reached 0daPa (atmospheric pressure), negative pressure is created by
the pump and additional compliance measurements are made
*results are plotted on a tympanogram
4.
A= ear canal volume
B= peak compliance of TM in cc (or ml)
, C=right ear
D= decaPascals, pres - correct answer ✔✔Tympanometry
1. what
2. obtained values
3. procedure
4. symbols
*helps determine the types
*peak pressure: anything between -150 to +50daPa
*compliance: .3 to 1.5cm3
*ear canal volume: child (.3 to .9cm3) adult (.9 to 2cm3)
*gradient: >150daPa means bad
*box outlines the norms - correct answer ✔✔Tympanogram Normative values no!!
* type A
-normal ME function
-peak pressure near 0daPa
-curve is large inverted V
*type As
-shallow peak compliance but normal ME pressure
-stiffness of ME system
-ex: otosclerosis- built up of new bone around the footplate of the stapes (stapes cannot move
freely so stiff)
*type Ad
answered to pass
1. *able to test difficult to test populations (babies who can't raise hand when they hear tone)
*able to get cross checks (verify type of hearing loss and may give info about degree of hearing
loss)
*lots of info but person doesn't have to do anything
2. *involve measurement of sounds within the ear canal
*not dependent on patient's attention to stimulus (person can be asleep)
*part of the audiometric test battery
*help to confirm findings of subjective tests
*help to determine the functional integrity of the ME
3. *assess auditory function in patients who cannot participate in behavioral testing (children,
cognitive deficits, any difficult to test patient)
*hearing screening of newborn babies
*documenting abnormal function of the auditory system - correct answer ✔✔1. Objective
Testing characteristics
2. Electroacoustic tests
3. clinical uses
1. *immittance- an all-encompassing term to describe the measurements made of the TM
impedance (amount of sound prevented from going through), compliance (amount of
movement ear drum actually has), or admittance (amount of sound that goes through the
system) (admittance= impedance + compliance)
*can indirectly determine ME function based on TM measurements
2. *also called mid ear analyzers
*static acoustic compliance
,*tympanometry
*acoustic reflex
3. *the impedance of any object is determined by its frictional resistance, mass, and stiffness in
the ear
*resistance- determined by the ligaments that support the three bones in the ME cavity
*mass- determined by the weight of these three bones and the weight of the TM
*stiffness- determined by the load of fluid pressure from the IE on the base of the stapes, the
most medial bone of the ME - correct answer ✔✔1. Acoustic Immittance
2. Measurements of Acoustic Immittance Meters
3. Contributors to Impedance
* three rubber tubes attached to a metal ear probe
-miniature loud-speaker: emits a pure tone (typically at 220 or 226 Hz)
-tiny microphone: picks up the sound in the external ear canal
-air pump: creates either positive or negative air pressure within the canal
*a plastic or rubber cuff of an appropriate size is placed around the probe to attain an hermetic
(air tight) seal
*an insert earphone or supra-aural ear phone: connected to the reflex activator system and is
attached to the side opposite the probe assembly
-this may also function as a built-in pure tone audiometer
*all immittance devices must be calibrated annually - correct answer ✔✔Equipment
1. compliance is comprised of two automatic measures that can tell the equivalent volume of
the external ear canal and the mobility (compliance) of the TM
2. a properly selected probe tip is pressed into the ear canal; a tight seal is obtained; positive
pressure is increased with the air pump
3. the immittance meter takes a first reading with the TM mobility decreased due to the positive
pressure (+200daPa) introduced into the ear canal
,4. the second measure is attained when the pressure in the external ear canal is decreased until
the TM achieves maximum compliance (equal pressure on both sides- when the eardrum moves
best)
5. the static acoustic compliance of the ME is the difference between these two measures -
correct answer ✔✔Static Acoustic Compliance
1. What
2. Getting started
3. Measure 1
4. Measure 2
5. Computing Acoustic Compliance
1. measurement of ME pressure, determined by the mobility of the TM as a function of various
amounts of positive and negative air pressure in the external ear canal --> the more positive or
negative the air pressure in the external ear canal, the more the normal middle-ear system
becomes immobilized
2. *admittance/ compliance of TM
*tympanometric peak pressure (TPP)
*tympanometric width (TW)
*equivalent ear canal volume (Vea)
3. *the tympanic membrane is loaded with air pressure equal to +200daPa (creates stiffness)
*compliance is measured
*successive measurements of compliance are made as the pressure in the canal is decreased
*after the pressure has reached 0daPa (atmospheric pressure), negative pressure is created by
the pump and additional compliance measurements are made
*results are plotted on a tympanogram
4.
A= ear canal volume
B= peak compliance of TM in cc (or ml)
, C=right ear
D= decaPascals, pres - correct answer ✔✔Tympanometry
1. what
2. obtained values
3. procedure
4. symbols
*helps determine the types
*peak pressure: anything between -150 to +50daPa
*compliance: .3 to 1.5cm3
*ear canal volume: child (.3 to .9cm3) adult (.9 to 2cm3)
*gradient: >150daPa means bad
*box outlines the norms - correct answer ✔✔Tympanogram Normative values no!!
* type A
-normal ME function
-peak pressure near 0daPa
-curve is large inverted V
*type As
-shallow peak compliance but normal ME pressure
-stiffness of ME system
-ex: otosclerosis- built up of new bone around the footplate of the stapes (stapes cannot move
freely so stiff)
*type Ad
