Biology AS AQA terms Unit 1| Questions and Answers |Complete Solutions
Graded A+ |100% Correct
Passive Immunity Resistance to disease that is acquired from the introduction of antibodies
from another individual rather than an individual's own immune system, e.g. across the
placenta or in the mother's milk. It is usually short-lived.
Pathogen Any microorganism that causes disease.
Peptide Bond The chemical bond formed between two amino acids during condensation.
Phagocytosis Mechanism by which cells engulf particles to form a vesicle.
Phospholipid Triglycerides in which one of three fatty acid molecules is replaced by a
phosphate molecule.
Photomicrograph Photograph of an image produced by a microscope.
Plasmid A small circular piece of DNA found in bacterial cells.
Plasmolysis The shrinkage of cytoplasm away from cell wall that occurs as a plant cell loses
water by osmosis.
Polymer Large molecule made up of repeating smaller molecules.
Polymerases Group of enzymes that catalyse the formation of long-chain molecules
(polymers) from basic units (monomers).
, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Fatty acid that possesess carbon chains with many
double bonds.
Primary Structure Of A Protein The sequence of amino acids that makes up the polypeptides
of a protein.
Prokaryotic Cell A cell of an organism belonging to the kingdom Prokaryotae that is
characterised by lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Quaternary Structure Of A Protein A number of polypeptide chains linked together, and
sometimes associated with non-protein groups, to form a protein.
Saturated Fatty Acid A fatty acid in which there are no double bounds between carbon
atoms.
Secondary Structure Of A Protein The way in which the chain of amino acids of the
polypeptides of a protein is folded.
Serum Clear liquid that is left after blood has clotted and the clot has been removed. It is
therefore blood plasma without the clotting factors.
Sinoatrial Node (SAN) An area of the heart muscle in the right atrium that controls and
coordinates the contraction of the heart.
Stroke Volume The volume of blood pumped at each ventricular contraction of the heart.
Substrate A substance that is acted on or used by another substance or process.
Graded A+ |100% Correct
Passive Immunity Resistance to disease that is acquired from the introduction of antibodies
from another individual rather than an individual's own immune system, e.g. across the
placenta or in the mother's milk. It is usually short-lived.
Pathogen Any microorganism that causes disease.
Peptide Bond The chemical bond formed between two amino acids during condensation.
Phagocytosis Mechanism by which cells engulf particles to form a vesicle.
Phospholipid Triglycerides in which one of three fatty acid molecules is replaced by a
phosphate molecule.
Photomicrograph Photograph of an image produced by a microscope.
Plasmid A small circular piece of DNA found in bacterial cells.
Plasmolysis The shrinkage of cytoplasm away from cell wall that occurs as a plant cell loses
water by osmosis.
Polymer Large molecule made up of repeating smaller molecules.
Polymerases Group of enzymes that catalyse the formation of long-chain molecules
(polymers) from basic units (monomers).
, Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA) Fatty acid that possesess carbon chains with many
double bonds.
Primary Structure Of A Protein The sequence of amino acids that makes up the polypeptides
of a protein.
Prokaryotic Cell A cell of an organism belonging to the kingdom Prokaryotae that is
characterised by lacking a nucleus and membrane bound organelles.
Quaternary Structure Of A Protein A number of polypeptide chains linked together, and
sometimes associated with non-protein groups, to form a protein.
Saturated Fatty Acid A fatty acid in which there are no double bounds between carbon
atoms.
Secondary Structure Of A Protein The way in which the chain of amino acids of the
polypeptides of a protein is folded.
Serum Clear liquid that is left after blood has clotted and the clot has been removed. It is
therefore blood plasma without the clotting factors.
Sinoatrial Node (SAN) An area of the heart muscle in the right atrium that controls and
coordinates the contraction of the heart.
Stroke Volume The volume of blood pumped at each ventricular contraction of the heart.
Substrate A substance that is acted on or used by another substance or process.
