UCI Bio 93 Midterm 2 Questions and Answers |Complete Solutions Graded A+ |100% Correct
Why does the TATA box have a lot of T's and A's Because they have fewer hydrogen bonds
so easier to break apart
Does the 5' RNA end get a cap or tail? And which type? Cap. Modified Nucleotide cap
What type of bond happens in elongation in translation? Peptide bonds
What are the three stages of interphase? G1, S, and G2
What happens in the S part of interphase? DNA is replicated
What are the gametes? Sperms and eggs
What are sister chromatids? A pair of duplicated chromosomes
What is the centromere? A region where the chromatids are most likely attached
What is mitosis? The division of the genetic material
What is cytokinesis? The division of the cytoplasm
In which stage of the cell cycle do chromosomes get replicated? S phase
How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain? 46
What two processes happen in the mitotic phase? Mitosis and Cytokenesis
,What is a nucleotide-pair substitution? When one nucleotide pair is substituted with
another pair.
What is a silent mutation? Have no effect on amino acid production because of redundancy
What is a missense mutation? When an amino acid is coded, but its the wrong one
What is a nonsense mutation? Changes an amino acid codon into a stop codon.
What give the go-ahead signals at G1 and G2 checkpoints? Protein Kinases
For the protein kinases to be active, what must they be attached to? A cyclin
What is the name of the structure of protein kinases and cyclin? Cyclin-dependent Kinases
What is G0? A non-dividing state
What does it mean for a cell to need anchorage dependence? It requires a surface for
division
What does it mean for a cell to need density-dependent inhibition? The cells form a single
layer, and divide to fill in any gaps.
Cancer cells lose what two aspects of the normal cell? Anchorage dependence and density-
dependent inhibition.
What molecules are oxidized in the Calvin Cycle? NADPH and ATP
, What is NADPH oxidized into in photosynthesis? NADP+
What goes into light reactions in photosythesis? H2O and Light
What is NADP+ reduced to? NADPH
What comes out of the Calvin cycle? G3P
What do growth factors do? Stimulate other cells to divide
What do tumor-supression genes do? they help prevent uncontrolled cell growth
What is MPF? Mitosis promoting factors
At what phase in MPF's activity peaked? Metaphase
What does MPF do? Promotes the process of mitosis
What is a growth factor? A protein that stimulates other cells to divide.
What is a metabolic pathway? A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting in a
specific product.
What is metabolism? The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
Why does the TATA box have a lot of T's and A's Because they have fewer hydrogen bonds
so easier to break apart
Does the 5' RNA end get a cap or tail? And which type? Cap. Modified Nucleotide cap
What type of bond happens in elongation in translation? Peptide bonds
What are the three stages of interphase? G1, S, and G2
What happens in the S part of interphase? DNA is replicated
What are the gametes? Sperms and eggs
What are sister chromatids? A pair of duplicated chromosomes
What is the centromere? A region where the chromatids are most likely attached
What is mitosis? The division of the genetic material
What is cytokinesis? The division of the cytoplasm
In which stage of the cell cycle do chromosomes get replicated? S phase
How many chromosomes do human somatic cells contain? 46
What two processes happen in the mitotic phase? Mitosis and Cytokenesis
,What is a nucleotide-pair substitution? When one nucleotide pair is substituted with
another pair.
What is a silent mutation? Have no effect on amino acid production because of redundancy
What is a missense mutation? When an amino acid is coded, but its the wrong one
What is a nonsense mutation? Changes an amino acid codon into a stop codon.
What give the go-ahead signals at G1 and G2 checkpoints? Protein Kinases
For the protein kinases to be active, what must they be attached to? A cyclin
What is the name of the structure of protein kinases and cyclin? Cyclin-dependent Kinases
What is G0? A non-dividing state
What does it mean for a cell to need anchorage dependence? It requires a surface for
division
What does it mean for a cell to need density-dependent inhibition? The cells form a single
layer, and divide to fill in any gaps.
Cancer cells lose what two aspects of the normal cell? Anchorage dependence and density-
dependent inhibition.
What molecules are oxidized in the Calvin Cycle? NADPH and ATP
, What is NADPH oxidized into in photosynthesis? NADP+
What goes into light reactions in photosythesis? H2O and Light
What is NADP+ reduced to? NADPH
What comes out of the Calvin cycle? G3P
What do growth factors do? Stimulate other cells to divide
What do tumor-supression genes do? they help prevent uncontrolled cell growth
What is MPF? Mitosis promoting factors
At what phase in MPF's activity peaked? Metaphase
What does MPF do? Promotes the process of mitosis
What is a growth factor? A protein that stimulates other cells to divide.
What is a metabolic pathway? A pathway that a molecule goes through, resulting in a
specific product.
What is metabolism? The totality of an organisms chemical reactions
