Airport Design Final Exam Questions and Answers Solved Correctly
Federal Aviation Act 1958 - Answers Air Commerce Act was repealed, and the Federal Aviation Agency
(FAA) was created.
The FAA was directed take over rule-making from the CAB, and was responsible for developing a
common civil-military system of air navigation and air traffic control
AAC - Answers Aircraft Approach Category
ADG - Answers Airplane Design Group
Classifications of Aircraft - Answers Small Aircraft: less than 12,500 lbs.
Large Aircraft: More than 12,500 lbs.
Heavy Aircraft: 300,000 lbs.
AAC classifications - Answers A: less than 91 kts
B: 91 to 121 kts
C: 121 to 141 kts
D: 141 to 166 kts
E: over 166 kts
What is approach speed dependent on? - Answers Runway length
Location of runway exits
Separation between runway and parallel taxiways
What is ADG based on? - Answers Tail height and wingspan
What is the critical design aircraft? - Answers Most demanding aircraft type or grouping of aircraft with
similar physical and operational characteristics.
- Regular use: 500 annual operations
What is ARP? - Answers Airport Reference Point: approximate geometric center of all usable runways at
an airport.
What is an ARP impacted by? - Answers - Runway is extended
- Runway is shortened
,- New runway
- Runway closures
Runway Dimensions - Answers Length: performance requirements
Width: design standards
What are some facts behind Runway Shoulders? - Answers - Provide resistance to blast erosion
- Run the full length of the runway
- Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
- Accommodate occasional runway excursions
- Provide protection against FOD
- Surfaces:
ADG (I, II) - turf, soil cement, stabilized soil
ADG (III, IV) - paved
What are some characteristics of Blast Pads? - Answers - Provide resistance to blast erosion beyond the
runway end
- Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
- Accommodate occasional AC veering off the runway
- Extend across the full width of the runway and shoulders
- Same surface requirements as shoulders
RSA - Answers Runway Safety Area
- defined surface surrounding the runway prepared or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to
airplanes in the event of an undershoot, overshoot, or excursion.
- Helps to prevent water accumulation on the primary surfaces
RSA dimensions - Answers - RDC of critical aircraft
- Runway visibility minima
- Width
- Length prior to landing threshold
, - Length beyond the end of the runway
- Beyond the Stopway
ROFA - Answers Runway Object Free Area: two-dimensional area surrounding the runway which is clear
of objects except for objects fixed by function.
RPZ - Answers Runway Protection Zone: enhance protection of people and property on the ground.
Trapezoidal in shape and centered about the extended runway centerline.
Approach RPZ - Answers Runway end is a function of the AAC and approach visibility minimum
associated with approach runway end
Departure RPZ - Answers Is a function of the AAC and departure procedures associated with the runway.
Effective Runway Gradient - Answers (ERG) Maximum change in runway elevation/runway length
multiplied by 100%
MTOW - Answers Maximum Takeoff Weight: the max certificated weight for the aircraft at takeoff.
OEW - Answers Operating Empty Weight: weight of the crew, fluids, unusable fuel, and equipment
MZFW - Answers Maximum Zero Fuel Weight: maximum weight allowed before usable fuel and other
specified usable agents that must be loaded in defined sections of an aircraft that are limited by strength
and airworthiness requirements.
Maximum Payload - Answers The difference between the MZFW and OEW
Payload Breakpoint - Answers The longest range an aircraft may achieve with maximum payload at
MTOW.
Basic principle of the Payload-Fuel-Range Relationship - Answers The longer the range, the less payload
can be carried due to an increased requirement for fuel to balance MTOW.
Substantial Use Threshold - Answers The threshold where federally funded projects require that critical
design aircraft have at least 500 or more annual itinerant operations at the airport for an individual
aircraft or single family grouping or aircraft.*Landings & Takeoffs are considered separate operations
Itinerant Operations - Answers Takeoff or landing operations of airplanes going from one airport to
another airport that involves a trip of at least 20 miles.
Primary Runway - Answers Main runway that provides a length for all airplanes that regularly use it
without causing operational weight restrictions
What should be considered for an additional primary runway? - Answers 1. To better manage existing
traffic volume that exceeds current capabilities
2. Accommodate forecasted growth that will exceed existing capabilities
Federal Aviation Act 1958 - Answers Air Commerce Act was repealed, and the Federal Aviation Agency
(FAA) was created.
The FAA was directed take over rule-making from the CAB, and was responsible for developing a
common civil-military system of air navigation and air traffic control
AAC - Answers Aircraft Approach Category
ADG - Answers Airplane Design Group
Classifications of Aircraft - Answers Small Aircraft: less than 12,500 lbs.
Large Aircraft: More than 12,500 lbs.
Heavy Aircraft: 300,000 lbs.
AAC classifications - Answers A: less than 91 kts
B: 91 to 121 kts
C: 121 to 141 kts
D: 141 to 166 kts
E: over 166 kts
What is approach speed dependent on? - Answers Runway length
Location of runway exits
Separation between runway and parallel taxiways
What is ADG based on? - Answers Tail height and wingspan
What is the critical design aircraft? - Answers Most demanding aircraft type or grouping of aircraft with
similar physical and operational characteristics.
- Regular use: 500 annual operations
What is ARP? - Answers Airport Reference Point: approximate geometric center of all usable runways at
an airport.
What is an ARP impacted by? - Answers - Runway is extended
- Runway is shortened
,- New runway
- Runway closures
Runway Dimensions - Answers Length: performance requirements
Width: design standards
What are some facts behind Runway Shoulders? - Answers - Provide resistance to blast erosion
- Run the full length of the runway
- Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
- Accommodate occasional runway excursions
- Provide protection against FOD
- Surfaces:
ADG (I, II) - turf, soil cement, stabilized soil
ADG (III, IV) - paved
What are some characteristics of Blast Pads? - Answers - Provide resistance to blast erosion beyond the
runway end
- Accommodate maintenance and emergency equipment
- Accommodate occasional AC veering off the runway
- Extend across the full width of the runway and shoulders
- Same surface requirements as shoulders
RSA - Answers Runway Safety Area
- defined surface surrounding the runway prepared or suitable for reducing the risk of damage to
airplanes in the event of an undershoot, overshoot, or excursion.
- Helps to prevent water accumulation on the primary surfaces
RSA dimensions - Answers - RDC of critical aircraft
- Runway visibility minima
- Width
- Length prior to landing threshold
, - Length beyond the end of the runway
- Beyond the Stopway
ROFA - Answers Runway Object Free Area: two-dimensional area surrounding the runway which is clear
of objects except for objects fixed by function.
RPZ - Answers Runway Protection Zone: enhance protection of people and property on the ground.
Trapezoidal in shape and centered about the extended runway centerline.
Approach RPZ - Answers Runway end is a function of the AAC and approach visibility minimum
associated with approach runway end
Departure RPZ - Answers Is a function of the AAC and departure procedures associated with the runway.
Effective Runway Gradient - Answers (ERG) Maximum change in runway elevation/runway length
multiplied by 100%
MTOW - Answers Maximum Takeoff Weight: the max certificated weight for the aircraft at takeoff.
OEW - Answers Operating Empty Weight: weight of the crew, fluids, unusable fuel, and equipment
MZFW - Answers Maximum Zero Fuel Weight: maximum weight allowed before usable fuel and other
specified usable agents that must be loaded in defined sections of an aircraft that are limited by strength
and airworthiness requirements.
Maximum Payload - Answers The difference between the MZFW and OEW
Payload Breakpoint - Answers The longest range an aircraft may achieve with maximum payload at
MTOW.
Basic principle of the Payload-Fuel-Range Relationship - Answers The longer the range, the less payload
can be carried due to an increased requirement for fuel to balance MTOW.
Substantial Use Threshold - Answers The threshold where federally funded projects require that critical
design aircraft have at least 500 or more annual itinerant operations at the airport for an individual
aircraft or single family grouping or aircraft.*Landings & Takeoffs are considered separate operations
Itinerant Operations - Answers Takeoff or landing operations of airplanes going from one airport to
another airport that involves a trip of at least 20 miles.
Primary Runway - Answers Main runway that provides a length for all airplanes that regularly use it
without causing operational weight restrictions
What should be considered for an additional primary runway? - Answers 1. To better manage existing
traffic volume that exceeds current capabilities
2. Accommodate forecasted growth that will exceed existing capabilities
