Guide (Language, Literacy, Math, Science, Social Studies, Arts
& More) | Fully Aligned to ETS Test Content | 2025 Edition.
Concepts of Print order
letters, words, sentences
Emergent Literacy
tests knowledge on foundational skills
Concepts of Print skills
reading top to bottom
reading left to right
read aloud practices
Phonological Awareness
understanding and ability to manipulate sounds (done through speaking and listening)
Phonemes
individual units of sound
Phonological Awareness skills
rhyming and syllabification
blending sounds into words - pic-tur-bo-k (blending sounds into a word)
-onset/rhime (bl/ack or c/at)
-segmenting (breaking word into its sounds)
-recognizing smaller words in the big word (CATfish)
2nd language and literacy skill
reading: foundational skills
1st language and literacy skill
emergent literacy
3rd language and literacy skill
reading: literature and informational texts
syllabication patterns
ways that consonants and vowels are arranged
syllabication patterns examples