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1
Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
Chapter 26
Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 10/E
Chapter 26 Question
1
A nurse explains to a client that he will need to have a bowel prep before going to his
esophagogastroscopy. On what should the nurse focus to improve communication skills?
1. Pace
2. Intonation
3. Simplicity
4. Clarity
Rationale 3: Simplicity includes the use of commonly understood words, brevity, and completeness.
A “bowel prep” may be completely meaningless to a client, but telling him that he needs to drink a
gallon of laxative-like medication gets the point across better. Esophagogastroscopy is a
complicated word. Using words like “small camera looking down your throat into your stomach” will
make much more sense to the client.
Question 2
The nurse observes during a dressing change that the client’s wound has become infected. When
asked by the client how the wound looks, the nurse says “it looks fine” but the nurse’s facial
expression doesn’t support the response. Which aspect of communication should this nurse
improve?
1. Adaptability
2. Credibility
3. Timing and relevance
4. Clarity and brevity
Rationale 1: Adaptability is adjusting tone of speech and facial expression to match the spoken
message. Clearly, if the nurse’s face doesn’t match his words, the client will identify a problem with
the situation.
Question 3
A nurse is working on a telemetry unit when one of the clients has a cardiac arrest. The client’s
spouse is in the room when the code team arrives. Which statement by the nurse to the spouse is
the best in this situation?
1. “I know you’re worried about your loved one. I’m sure this is a difficult situation for you. Do you
have any questions right now?”
2. “Your spouse’s heart stopped. All these people are here to help get it started.”
3. “Your spouse’s physician will be here shortly and explain all of the medication and treatment that
your spouse is receiving right now.”
4. “Is there someone you would like to call? I’m sure this is a scary situation and you may feel more
comfortable if someone were with you during this time.”
Rationale 2: Clarity and brevity provide a message that is simple and clear.
Question 4 The nurse enters a client’s room and finds that the telephone is lying in the client’s lap,
tissues are wadded up on the bed, and the client’s eyes are red and watery. What is the best
response by the nurse?
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Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
1. “Can I hang that phone up for you?”
2. “Well, it’s a beautiful day outside. Let’s open the blinds.”
3. “Has your doctor been in to talk to you yet?”
4. “You look upset. Is there anything you’d like to talk about?”
Rationale 4: Nonverbal communication, or body language, often tells the nurse more about what a
person is feeling than what is actually said. The interpretation of such observations requires
validation with the client.
Question 5
A client has been sullen and withdrawn since receiving the news of her cancer diagnosis. As the
nurse enters the room, the client asks for assistance with a shower. Which comment by the nurse
is the most appropriate?
1. “If you look better, you might feel better.”
2. “Taking a shower might wash away some of that gloom and doom.”
3. “This is a positive sign. I’ll be right back with your supplies.”
4. “Your spouse will be glad to see that you’re feeling better.”
Rationale 3: How a person dresses or looks may be an indicator of how the person feels. A change
in grooming habits may signal that the client is feeling better.
Question 6
A nurse is working in a pediatric clinic and has to explain a nebulizer treatment to a child.
Which approach should the nurse use?
1. Give the child’s parent a full explanation, but make sure the child hears what is said.
2. Let the child handle the equipment first, then demonstrate on the child’s doll.
3. Start the treatment, but make sure that the parent is there to comfort the child if she becomes
afraid.
4. Make sure that the physician is available for questions.
Rationale 2: The knowledge of the client’s developmental stage will allow the nurse to modify the
message accordingly. The use of dolls and games with simple language may help explain a
procedure to a child.
Question 7
A nurse is giving a demonstration of new equipment to the rest of the nursing unit. Which level of
proxemics should the nurse use?
1. Intimate
2. Personal
3. Social 4. Public
Rationale 3: Social distance is characterized by a clear, visual perception of the whole person and
generally 4 to 12 feet in distance. Social distance is important in accomplishing the business of the
day. It is expedient in communicating with several people at the same time or within a short time,
which would be the case in this situation.
Question 8
A nurse must perform a catheterization on a male client. Which zone of proximity should the nurse
use for this intervention?
1. Personal distance
2. Intimate distance
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Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
3. Social distance 4. Public distance
Rationale 2: Intimate distance is characterized by body contact and used frequently by nurses when
they are required to perform a procedure. Distance in this category is touching to 11/2 feet.
Question 9
A nurse enters a client’s room and asks about his level of pain. The client, grimacing, says “It’s fine.”
Which communication factor is the client struggling with?
1. Territoriality
2. Environment
3. Congruence
4. Attitude
Rationale 3: In congruent communication, the verbal and nonverbal aspects of the message match.
Saying his pain level is “fine,” but then showing with facial grimacing that it is not, would be in
conflict.
Question 10
A nurse is working with an elderly male client on a medical unit. Which statement demonstrates
elderspeak by the nurse?
1. “It’s time for us to go to physical therapy.”
2. “I think it would be better if you were planning to go to a nursing home after discharge.”
3. “Your children must really love their dad.”
4. “Your wife must be having trouble adjusting to your illness.”
Rationale 1: Elderspeak is a speech style, similar to baby, talk that gives a message of dependence
and incompetence to older adults. Characteristics of elderspeak include inappropriate terms of
endearment, inappropriate plural pronoun use (it’s time for us to go to physical therapy), tag
questions, and slow, loud speech.
Question 11
A client has just lost her second baby to preterm complications. Which statement demonstrates the
best therapeutic response for the nurse to make?
1. “Don’t be so sad. You can always try again.”
2. “Didn’t your doctor advise you about genetic counseling?”
3. “I know how you feel. I have children of my own.”
4. “I am so sad for you. I’ll stay with you for a while if you need to talk.”
Rationale 4: Therapeutic communication promotes understanding and is client directed. Nurses
need to respond to the feelings expressed by the client. Sometimes clients need time to deal with
their feelings and the best thing the nurse can provide is presence and listening.
Question 12
The nurse is conducting an admission interview. Which response indicates that the nurse is
attentively listening to the client’s explanations? 1. “Can you explain what your symptoms
are like?”
2. “When was the last time you saw a doctor for this?”
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Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
3. “Uh-huh,” while nodding the head
4. “I’m sorry, say that again?”
Rationale 3: A nurse can convey attentiveness in listening to clients in various ways. Common
responses are nodding the head, uttering “uh-huh” or “mmm,” repeating the words the client has
used, or saying “I see what you mean.”
Question 13
The nurse is engaging a client in the introductory phase of the helping relationship. Which stages will
be completed during this phase? Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Opening the relationship
2. Clarifying the problem
3. Structuring and formulating the contract
4. Planning before the interview
5. Understanding thoughts and feelings
Rationale 1: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. The relationship opens during this phase.
Rationale 2: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. Clarifying the problem occurs during this phase.
Rationale 3: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. Structuring and formulating the contract occurs during
this phase.
Question 14
During an interaction between a nurse and client, the nurse conveys respect and an attitude that
shows the nurse takes the client’s opinions seriously. In which stage of the working relationship are
the nurse and client engaged?
1. Exploring and understanding thoughts and feelings
2. Facilitating and taking action
3. Confrontation
4. Concreteness
Rationale 1: The working phase has two major stages. Exploring and understanding thoughts and
feelings would occur during the working relationship.
Question 15
Several nurses have been assigned to develop a rotation schedule that provides adequate staffing
of all shifts. In which type of group are these nurses functioning?
1. Self-help group
2. Task group
3. Teaching group 4. Therapy group
Rationale 2: The task group is one of the most common types of work-related groups to which
nurses belong. The focus of such groups is the completion of a specific task.
Question 16
The nurse is identifying communication strategies for a client unable to speak. What would be
appropriate for the client in this situation?
1
Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
Chapter 26
Kozier & Erb’s Fundamentals of Nursing, 10/E
Chapter 26 Question
1
A nurse explains to a client that he will need to have a bowel prep before going to his
esophagogastroscopy. On what should the nurse focus to improve communication skills?
1. Pace
2. Intonation
3. Simplicity
4. Clarity
Rationale 3: Simplicity includes the use of commonly understood words, brevity, and completeness.
A “bowel prep” may be completely meaningless to a client, but telling him that he needs to drink a
gallon of laxative-like medication gets the point across better. Esophagogastroscopy is a
complicated word. Using words like “small camera looking down your throat into your stomach” will
make much more sense to the client.
Question 2
The nurse observes during a dressing change that the client’s wound has become infected. When
asked by the client how the wound looks, the nurse says “it looks fine” but the nurse’s facial
expression doesn’t support the response. Which aspect of communication should this nurse
improve?
1. Adaptability
2. Credibility
3. Timing and relevance
4. Clarity and brevity
Rationale 1: Adaptability is adjusting tone of speech and facial expression to match the spoken
message. Clearly, if the nurse’s face doesn’t match his words, the client will identify a problem with
the situation.
Question 3
A nurse is working on a telemetry unit when one of the clients has a cardiac arrest. The client’s
spouse is in the room when the code team arrives. Which statement by the nurse to the spouse is
the best in this situation?
1. “I know you’re worried about your loved one. I’m sure this is a difficult situation for you. Do you
have any questions right now?”
2. “Your spouse’s heart stopped. All these people are here to help get it started.”
3. “Your spouse’s physician will be here shortly and explain all of the medication and treatment that
your spouse is receiving right now.”
4. “Is there someone you would like to call? I’m sure this is a scary situation and you may feel more
comfortable if someone were with you during this time.”
Rationale 2: Clarity and brevity provide a message that is simple and clear.
Question 4 The nurse enters a client’s room and finds that the telephone is lying in the client’s lap,
tissues are wadded up on the bed, and the client’s eyes are red and watery. What is the best
response by the nurse?
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
2
Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
1. “Can I hang that phone up for you?”
2. “Well, it’s a beautiful day outside. Let’s open the blinds.”
3. “Has your doctor been in to talk to you yet?”
4. “You look upset. Is there anything you’d like to talk about?”
Rationale 4: Nonverbal communication, or body language, often tells the nurse more about what a
person is feeling than what is actually said. The interpretation of such observations requires
validation with the client.
Question 5
A client has been sullen and withdrawn since receiving the news of her cancer diagnosis. As the
nurse enters the room, the client asks for assistance with a shower. Which comment by the nurse
is the most appropriate?
1. “If you look better, you might feel better.”
2. “Taking a shower might wash away some of that gloom and doom.”
3. “This is a positive sign. I’ll be right back with your supplies.”
4. “Your spouse will be glad to see that you’re feeling better.”
Rationale 3: How a person dresses or looks may be an indicator of how the person feels. A change
in grooming habits may signal that the client is feeling better.
Question 6
A nurse is working in a pediatric clinic and has to explain a nebulizer treatment to a child.
Which approach should the nurse use?
1. Give the child’s parent a full explanation, but make sure the child hears what is said.
2. Let the child handle the equipment first, then demonstrate on the child’s doll.
3. Start the treatment, but make sure that the parent is there to comfort the child if she becomes
afraid.
4. Make sure that the physician is available for questions.
Rationale 2: The knowledge of the client’s developmental stage will allow the nurse to modify the
message accordingly. The use of dolls and games with simple language may help explain a
procedure to a child.
Question 7
A nurse is giving a demonstration of new equipment to the rest of the nursing unit. Which level of
proxemics should the nurse use?
1. Intimate
2. Personal
3. Social 4. Public
Rationale 3: Social distance is characterized by a clear, visual perception of the whole person and
generally 4 to 12 feet in distance. Social distance is important in accomplishing the business of the
day. It is expedient in communicating with several people at the same time or within a short time,
which would be the case in this situation.
Question 8
A nurse must perform a catheterization on a male client. Which zone of proximity should the nurse
use for this intervention?
1. Personal distance
2. Intimate distance
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
3
Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
3. Social distance 4. Public distance
Rationale 2: Intimate distance is characterized by body contact and used frequently by nurses when
they are required to perform a procedure. Distance in this category is touching to 11/2 feet.
Question 9
A nurse enters a client’s room and asks about his level of pain. The client, grimacing, says “It’s fine.”
Which communication factor is the client struggling with?
1. Territoriality
2. Environment
3. Congruence
4. Attitude
Rationale 3: In congruent communication, the verbal and nonverbal aspects of the message match.
Saying his pain level is “fine,” but then showing with facial grimacing that it is not, would be in
conflict.
Question 10
A nurse is working with an elderly male client on a medical unit. Which statement demonstrates
elderspeak by the nurse?
1. “It’s time for us to go to physical therapy.”
2. “I think it would be better if you were planning to go to a nursing home after discharge.”
3. “Your children must really love their dad.”
4. “Your wife must be having trouble adjusting to your illness.”
Rationale 1: Elderspeak is a speech style, similar to baby, talk that gives a message of dependence
and incompetence to older adults. Characteristics of elderspeak include inappropriate terms of
endearment, inappropriate plural pronoun use (it’s time for us to go to physical therapy), tag
questions, and slow, loud speech.
Question 11
A client has just lost her second baby to preterm complications. Which statement demonstrates the
best therapeutic response for the nurse to make?
1. “Don’t be so sad. You can always try again.”
2. “Didn’t your doctor advise you about genetic counseling?”
3. “I know how you feel. I have children of my own.”
4. “I am so sad for you. I’ll stay with you for a while if you need to talk.”
Rationale 4: Therapeutic communication promotes understanding and is client directed. Nurses
need to respond to the feelings expressed by the client. Sometimes clients need time to deal with
their feelings and the best thing the nurse can provide is presence and listening.
Question 12
The nurse is conducting an admission interview. Which response indicates that the nurse is
attentively listening to the client’s explanations? 1. “Can you explain what your symptoms
are like?”
2. “When was the last time you saw a doctor for this?”
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
4
Chapters 26, 27, 28, 34, 47, 48, 49
3. “Uh-huh,” while nodding the head
4. “I’m sorry, say that again?”
Rationale 3: A nurse can convey attentiveness in listening to clients in various ways. Common
responses are nodding the head, uttering “uh-huh” or “mmm,” repeating the words the client has
used, or saying “I see what you mean.”
Question 13
The nurse is engaging a client in the introductory phase of the helping relationship. Which stages will
be completed during this phase? Standard Text: Select all that apply.
1. Opening the relationship
2. Clarifying the problem
3. Structuring and formulating the contract
4. Planning before the interview
5. Understanding thoughts and feelings
Rationale 1: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. The relationship opens during this phase.
Rationale 2: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. Clarifying the problem occurs during this phase.
Rationale 3: The introductory phase, also referred to as the orientation phase or prehelping phase,
sets the tone for the rest of the relationship. Structuring and formulating the contract occurs during
this phase.
Question 14
During an interaction between a nurse and client, the nurse conveys respect and an attitude that
shows the nurse takes the client’s opinions seriously. In which stage of the working relationship are
the nurse and client engaged?
1. Exploring and understanding thoughts and feelings
2. Facilitating and taking action
3. Confrontation
4. Concreteness
Rationale 1: The working phase has two major stages. Exploring and understanding thoughts and
feelings would occur during the working relationship.
Question 15
Several nurses have been assigned to develop a rotation schedule that provides adequate staffing
of all shifts. In which type of group are these nurses functioning?
1. Self-help group
2. Task group
3. Teaching group 4. Therapy group
Rationale 2: The task group is one of the most common types of work-related groups to which
nurses belong. The focus of such groups is the completion of a specific task.
Question 16
The nurse is identifying communication strategies for a client unable to speak. What would be
appropriate for the client in this situation?
