ATI Nutrition Practice A Test 2025 Actual
– 100% Verified Questions and Correct
Rationales | Complete| Graded A+
Section 1: Therapeutic Diets
Question 1
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Which food should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
A) Orange juice
B) Decaffeinated coffee
C) Peppermint
D) Potatoes
Correct Answer: D) Potatoes
Rationale:
A) Orange juice: Incorrect. Citrus juices are acidic and can irritate the esophagus, worsening
GERD symptoms.
B) Decaffeinated coffee: Incorrect. Even decaffeinated coffee contains compounds that relax
the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing reflux risk.
C) Peppermint: Incorrect. Peppermint relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, promoting
acid reflux.
D) Potatoes: Correct. Potatoes are bland, non-acidic, and less likely to trigger heartburn,
making them safe for GERD.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a client with heart failure about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the
nurse recommend avoiding?
A) Fresh apples
B) Boiled rice
C) Canned soup
D) Grilled chicken
,Correct Answer: C) Canned soup
Rationale:
A) Fresh apples: Incorrect. Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium and suitable for a low-
sodium diet.
B) Boiled rice: Incorrect. Plain rice is low in sodium and appropriate for heart failure clients.
C) Canned soup: Correct. Canned soups are often high in sodium, which can exacerbate
fluid retention in heart failure.
D) Grilled chicken: Incorrect. Fresh, unprocessed chicken is low in sodium unless seasoned
with salt.
Question 3
A client with celiac disease asks which food is safe to eat. Which food should the nurse
recommend?
A) Wheat bread
B) Quinoa
C) Barley soup
D) Rye crackers
Correct Answer: B) Quinoa
Rationale:
A) Wheat bread: Incorrect. Wheat contains gluten, which is harmful in celiac disease.
B) Quinoa: Correct. Quinoa is a naturally gluten-free grain, safe for celiac disease.
C) Barley soup: Incorrect. Barley contains gluten and is unsafe.
D) Rye crackers: Incorrect. Rye contains gluten and should be avoided.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed a clear liquid diet post-surgery. Which food is
appropriate?
A) Oatmeal
B) Yogurt
C) Apple juice
D) Mashed potatoes
Correct Answer: C) Apple juice
Rationale:
A) Oatmeal: Incorrect. Oatmeal is a solid food, not allowed on a clear liquid diet.
, B) Yogurt: Incorrect. Yogurt is a full liquid, not a clear liquid.
C) Apple juice: Correct. Clear liquids include transparent fluids like apple juice, broth, and
gelatin.
D) Mashed potatoes: Incorrect. Mashed potatoes are a solid food, not permitted.
Question 5
A client with type 2 diabetes is taught about carbohydrate counting. Which food contains
approximately 15 g of carbohydrates?
A) 1 cup of broccoli
B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread
C) 1 oz of cheese
D) 1 tbsp of olive oil
Correct Answer: B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread
Rationale:
A) 1 cup of broccoli: Incorrect. Broccoli contains about 5 g of carbohydrates per cup.
B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread: Correct. One slice typically contains 15 g of carbohydrates,
a standard serving for carbohydrate counting.
C) 1 oz of cheese: Incorrect. Cheese is low in carbohydrates.
D) 1 tbsp of olive oil: Incorrect. Olive oil contains no carbohydrates.
Section 2: Nutritional Deficiencies
Question 6
A nurse is assessing a client with suspected vitamin D deficiency. Which finding supports this
diagnosis?
A) Muscle cramps
B) Bone pain
C) Bleeding gums
D) Night blindness
Correct Answer: B) Bone pain
Rationale:
A) Muscle cramps: Incorrect. More associated with magnesium or calcium deficiency.
B) Bone pain: Correct. Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, leading to bone
pain and osteoporosis.
C) Bleeding gums: Incorrect. Associated with vitamin C deficiency.
, D) Night blindness: Incorrect. Associated with vitamin A deficiency.
Question 7
A client with iron-deficiency anemia is advised to increase dietary iron. Which food is the best
source of heme iron?
A) Spinach
B) Lentils
C) Beef liver
D) Fortified cereal
Correct Answer: C) Beef liver
Rationale:
A) Spinach: Incorrect. Contains non-heme iron, less bioavailable.
B) Lentils: Incorrect. Also a non-heme iron source.
C) Beef liver: Correct. Heme iron from animal sources is highly bioavailable.
D) Fortified cereal: Incorrect. Contains non-heme iron.
Question 8
A nurse is teaching a client about foods high in vitamin C to prevent scurvy. Which food should
the nurse recommend?
A) Milk
B) Oranges
C) Eggs
D) Whole-grain bread
Correct Answer: B) Oranges
Rationale:
A) Milk: Incorrect. Milk is low in vitamin C.
B) Oranges: Correct. Oranges are a rich source of vitamin C, preventing scurvy.
C) Eggs: Incorrect. Eggs contain minimal vitamin C.
D) Whole-grain bread: Incorrect. Grains are not significant sources of vitamin C.
Question 9
A client with suspected thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency exhibits confusion and ataxia. This
condition is most likely:
A) Scurvy
B) Wernicke’s encephalopathy
– 100% Verified Questions and Correct
Rationales | Complete| Graded A+
Section 1: Therapeutic Diets
Question 1
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Which food should the nurse recommend to minimize heartburn?
A) Orange juice
B) Decaffeinated coffee
C) Peppermint
D) Potatoes
Correct Answer: D) Potatoes
Rationale:
A) Orange juice: Incorrect. Citrus juices are acidic and can irritate the esophagus, worsening
GERD symptoms.
B) Decaffeinated coffee: Incorrect. Even decaffeinated coffee contains compounds that relax
the lower esophageal sphincter, increasing reflux risk.
C) Peppermint: Incorrect. Peppermint relaxes the lower esophageal sphincter, promoting
acid reflux.
D) Potatoes: Correct. Potatoes are bland, non-acidic, and less likely to trigger heartburn,
making them safe for GERD.
Question 2
A nurse is teaching a client with heart failure about a low-sodium diet. Which food should the
nurse recommend avoiding?
A) Fresh apples
B) Boiled rice
C) Canned soup
D) Grilled chicken
,Correct Answer: C) Canned soup
Rationale:
A) Fresh apples: Incorrect. Fresh fruits are naturally low in sodium and suitable for a low-
sodium diet.
B) Boiled rice: Incorrect. Plain rice is low in sodium and appropriate for heart failure clients.
C) Canned soup: Correct. Canned soups are often high in sodium, which can exacerbate
fluid retention in heart failure.
D) Grilled chicken: Incorrect. Fresh, unprocessed chicken is low in sodium unless seasoned
with salt.
Question 3
A client with celiac disease asks which food is safe to eat. Which food should the nurse
recommend?
A) Wheat bread
B) Quinoa
C) Barley soup
D) Rye crackers
Correct Answer: B) Quinoa
Rationale:
A) Wheat bread: Incorrect. Wheat contains gluten, which is harmful in celiac disease.
B) Quinoa: Correct. Quinoa is a naturally gluten-free grain, safe for celiac disease.
C) Barley soup: Incorrect. Barley contains gluten and is unsafe.
D) Rye crackers: Incorrect. Rye contains gluten and should be avoided.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a client prescribed a clear liquid diet post-surgery. Which food is
appropriate?
A) Oatmeal
B) Yogurt
C) Apple juice
D) Mashed potatoes
Correct Answer: C) Apple juice
Rationale:
A) Oatmeal: Incorrect. Oatmeal is a solid food, not allowed on a clear liquid diet.
, B) Yogurt: Incorrect. Yogurt is a full liquid, not a clear liquid.
C) Apple juice: Correct. Clear liquids include transparent fluids like apple juice, broth, and
gelatin.
D) Mashed potatoes: Incorrect. Mashed potatoes are a solid food, not permitted.
Question 5
A client with type 2 diabetes is taught about carbohydrate counting. Which food contains
approximately 15 g of carbohydrates?
A) 1 cup of broccoli
B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread
C) 1 oz of cheese
D) 1 tbsp of olive oil
Correct Answer: B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread
Rationale:
A) 1 cup of broccoli: Incorrect. Broccoli contains about 5 g of carbohydrates per cup.
B) 1 slice of whole-grain bread: Correct. One slice typically contains 15 g of carbohydrates,
a standard serving for carbohydrate counting.
C) 1 oz of cheese: Incorrect. Cheese is low in carbohydrates.
D) 1 tbsp of olive oil: Incorrect. Olive oil contains no carbohydrates.
Section 2: Nutritional Deficiencies
Question 6
A nurse is assessing a client with suspected vitamin D deficiency. Which finding supports this
diagnosis?
A) Muscle cramps
B) Bone pain
C) Bleeding gums
D) Night blindness
Correct Answer: B) Bone pain
Rationale:
A) Muscle cramps: Incorrect. More associated with magnesium or calcium deficiency.
B) Bone pain: Correct. Vitamin D deficiency impairs calcium absorption, leading to bone
pain and osteoporosis.
C) Bleeding gums: Incorrect. Associated with vitamin C deficiency.
, D) Night blindness: Incorrect. Associated with vitamin A deficiency.
Question 7
A client with iron-deficiency anemia is advised to increase dietary iron. Which food is the best
source of heme iron?
A) Spinach
B) Lentils
C) Beef liver
D) Fortified cereal
Correct Answer: C) Beef liver
Rationale:
A) Spinach: Incorrect. Contains non-heme iron, less bioavailable.
B) Lentils: Incorrect. Also a non-heme iron source.
C) Beef liver: Correct. Heme iron from animal sources is highly bioavailable.
D) Fortified cereal: Incorrect. Contains non-heme iron.
Question 8
A nurse is teaching a client about foods high in vitamin C to prevent scurvy. Which food should
the nurse recommend?
A) Milk
B) Oranges
C) Eggs
D) Whole-grain bread
Correct Answer: B) Oranges
Rationale:
A) Milk: Incorrect. Milk is low in vitamin C.
B) Oranges: Correct. Oranges are a rich source of vitamin C, preventing scurvy.
C) Eggs: Incorrect. Eggs contain minimal vitamin C.
D) Whole-grain bread: Incorrect. Grains are not significant sources of vitamin C.
Question 9
A client with suspected thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency exhibits confusion and ataxia. This
condition is most likely:
A) Scurvy
B) Wernicke’s encephalopathy
