NUSCTX 10 Midterm 3 2025/2026 Exam
Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+
Does everyone with obesity have insulin resistance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No, only
2/3 of obese people have insulin resistance
Is everyone with IR obese? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No. About 20% of lean people may
have insulin resistance
What is insulin resistance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The body does not respond properly
to the insulin it makes. It is the driving factor that leads to type 2 diabetes
Does everyone with insulin resistance progress to T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Not
everyone with IR will get Type 2 diabetes.
Only 25-20% of obese subjects develop Type 2 diabetes.
Can we predict who will get Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yes. If the person has a
beta cell failure
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is the positive feedback loop - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It is when Insulin reduces
glucose level thanks to beta-cell
What is a beta cell? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A beta cell is a cell type in the pancreas
What happens if you overwork the pancreas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔it can cause beta-
cell exhaustion (insulin deficiency) and without insulin, resistance is caused.
Does insulin resistance cause T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yes. The body does not
respond to insulin being made and excess glucose is allowed into the cells.
What is considered the key to T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔pancreatic exhaustion/
beta-cell failure
What is gestational diabetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Diabetes developed during
pregnancy
How is gestational diabetes a warning that the.mother will develop Type 2
eventually? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It shows how the beta cells cannot handle 6-9
months of insulin resistance. If you cannot handle 9 months of insulin resistance,
you cannot handle a lifetime of it
What percentage of women who had gestational diabetes progress to Type 2? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔About 50%
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,How does genetics play a role in getting Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If 2 parents
have Type 2, you have a 90% chance of also developing Type 2 diabetes
What is impaired glucose tolerance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔blood glucose is raised
beyond normal levels. It is another predictor of type 2
Is Beta cell exhaustion reversable? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Type 1:
Beta cells cant make insulin
Type 2: You make insulin but your cells are resistant to it
What can help "treat"/ prevent beta cell exhaustion? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Early
prevention is better.
Giving metformin early on then it improves beta-cell function.
Starting weight loss early.
Exercise.
What causes the positive feedback loop? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Running low on insulin
What does having cancer contain? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cancers have been found to
contain dozens or hundreds of mutations in their DNA
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, What is Carcinogenesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The process of developing cancer from
a normal cell
How long does it take to develop aggressive cancer? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Decades
What is mutagenesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mutagenisis= genetic mutations (aka
"initiation")
What is mitogensis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mitogensis= process of cell division (aks
"promotion" that increases the chance of cells becoming mutated)
How can we prevent cancer? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔We want to slow down the genetic
damage and/or slow down cell division
What is the multi-hit model? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It is when cancer exhibits many
mutations in genes related to controlling proliferation (the rapid reproduction of a
cell)
How does one cell accumulate many mutations? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A cell does this
by growth advantage and clonal expansion of cells with initial mutations. The
daughter cells then become targets of a new mutation.
Why has their been a reduction of cancer in history? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔because of
dietary factors and government regulations
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Questions and Verified Answers |
Already Graded A+
Does everyone with obesity have insulin resistance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No, only
2/3 of obese people have insulin resistance
Is everyone with IR obese? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No. About 20% of lean people may
have insulin resistance
What is insulin resistance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The body does not respond properly
to the insulin it makes. It is the driving factor that leads to type 2 diabetes
Does everyone with insulin resistance progress to T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Not
everyone with IR will get Type 2 diabetes.
Only 25-20% of obese subjects develop Type 2 diabetes.
Can we predict who will get Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yes. If the person has a
beta cell failure
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,What is the positive feedback loop - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It is when Insulin reduces
glucose level thanks to beta-cell
What is a beta cell? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A beta cell is a cell type in the pancreas
What happens if you overwork the pancreas - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔it can cause beta-
cell exhaustion (insulin deficiency) and without insulin, resistance is caused.
Does insulin resistance cause T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Yes. The body does not
respond to insulin being made and excess glucose is allowed into the cells.
What is considered the key to T2DM? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔pancreatic exhaustion/
beta-cell failure
What is gestational diabetes? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Diabetes developed during
pregnancy
How is gestational diabetes a warning that the.mother will develop Type 2
eventually? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It shows how the beta cells cannot handle 6-9
months of insulin resistance. If you cannot handle 9 months of insulin resistance,
you cannot handle a lifetime of it
What percentage of women who had gestational diabetes progress to Type 2? - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔About 50%
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,How does genetics play a role in getting Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔If 2 parents
have Type 2, you have a 90% chance of also developing Type 2 diabetes
What is impaired glucose tolerance? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔blood glucose is raised
beyond normal levels. It is another predictor of type 2
Is Beta cell exhaustion reversable? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔No
What is the difference between Type 1 and Type 2? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Type 1:
Beta cells cant make insulin
Type 2: You make insulin but your cells are resistant to it
What can help "treat"/ prevent beta cell exhaustion? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Early
prevention is better.
Giving metformin early on then it improves beta-cell function.
Starting weight loss early.
Exercise.
What causes the positive feedback loop? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Running low on insulin
What does having cancer contain? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Cancers have been found to
contain dozens or hundreds of mutations in their DNA
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, What is Carcinogenesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔The process of developing cancer from
a normal cell
How long does it take to develop aggressive cancer? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Decades
What is mutagenesis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mutagenisis= genetic mutations (aka
"initiation")
What is mitogensis? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Mitogensis= process of cell division (aks
"promotion" that increases the chance of cells becoming mutated)
How can we prevent cancer? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔We want to slow down the genetic
damage and/or slow down cell division
What is the multi-hit model? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔It is when cancer exhibits many
mutations in genes related to controlling proliferation (the rapid reproduction of a
cell)
How does one cell accumulate many mutations? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔A cell does this
by growth advantage and clonal expansion of cells with initial mutations. The
daughter cells then become targets of a new mutation.
Why has their been a reduction of cancer in history? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔because of
dietary factors and government regulations
COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435.
TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
