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SUMMER
The questions focus on the EBP Change Process Model and key concepts from Week 6's application
assignment.
1. What is the first step in the Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Change Process
model in NR-451?
a. Evaluate outcomes
b. Develop the PICOT question
c. Identify the problem or area of concern
d. Appraise the evidence
Identifying the problem is the foundational step in the EBP change
process because it drives the need for change and helps focus the entire
EBP project.
2. In a PICOT question, what does the “O” represent?
a. Observation
b. Outcome
c. Optimization
d. Objective
The "O" in PICOT stands for Outcome, which refers to the result you are
hoping to achieve through the intervention.
,3. Which of the following is an example of a correctly structured PICOT
question?
a. How can hand hygiene improve outcomes?
b. Does hand washing reduce infection rates in hospitals?
c. What is the best practice for preventing infection in hospitals?
d. In hospitalized adults (P), how does alcohol-based hand rub (I) compared to
soap and water (C) affect hospital-acquired infection rates (O) within one month
of admission (T)?
This option clearly outlines all components of the PICOT format:
Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time.
4. What type of evidence is considered the highest level in the evidence
hierarchy?
a. Case studies
b. Expert opinions
c. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses
d. Qualitative research
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials
offer the strongest level of evidence because they synthesize findings
from multiple high-quality studies.
,5. Why is stakeholder engagement important during the EBP change process?
a. To allow staff to take more breaks
b. To reduce resistance and promote adoption
c. To avoid using evidence altogether
d. To keep the change process hidden
Stakeholder involvement encourages buy-in, reduces resistance, and
helps ensure successful implementation of the evidence-based
intervention.
6. After implementing a change based on evidence, what is the next appropriate
step?
a. Re-start the PICOT question
b. Evaluate the outcomes of the intervention
c. Submit the results to a journal
d. Disband the EBP team
Evaluating outcomes helps determine the effectiveness of the
intervention and whether it achieved the intended results.
7. Which of the following tools is commonly used in NR-451 for evaluating the
quality of research evidence?
a. SWOT analysis
b. Time series chart
, c. Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Tool
d. Flowchart diagram
The Johns Hopkins Tool is widely used in NR-451 to systematically
appraise and categorize the quality and strength of research evidence.
8. A nurse identifies increased patient falls on the unit. Which step of the EBP
change process is this?
a. Evaluate practice change
b. Identify a clinical problem
c. Develop an intervention
d. Review literature
Recognizing a clinical issue such as frequent falls represents the first
step in identifying a need for change.
9. In NR-451, which of the following best describes the goal of using the EBP
Change Process model?
a. To replace nurses with computers
b. To integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient values
c. To eliminate the use of research
d. To increase hospital paperwork
The goal of EBP is to enhance patient care by combining clinical
expertise, patient preferences, and the best available evidence.