PSYC 2050 （1-4）EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ACCURATE ANSWERS
psychological assessment - answer gathering of psychology-related data to evaluate
the abilities, behaviors, and personal qualities of people, usually accomplished through
tools like tests; individualized; assessor is key
psychological testing - answer the process of measuring psychology-related variables
by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of human behavior;
usually a "standardized test"; can be a component of assessment
3 factors of a test - answer established scoring rule; standardized condition; evaluative
statement
basic concepts in measurement - answer quantification and standardization
2 major types of psychological test - answer ability and personality tests
3 major types of ability tests - answer intelligence test, aptitude test, achievement test
achievement test - answer to assess what a person has learned previously (eg.
psyc2050 midterm
aptitude test - answer to predict a person's future performance; test skills or abilities in
a specific area
2 major types of personality test - answer structured and projective test
structured personality test - answer structured questions that respondents answer in
one of a few fixed ways; structured scoring; eg. MMPI
projective personality test - answer ambiguous stimuli and response; eg. Roschach
inkplot test
4 types of scales - answer nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
interval vs ratio scale - answer ratio has absolute zero, which zero means an absence of
something
Summative response scales - answer respondents evaluate themselves based on
magnitude/frequency
key features of summative response scales - answer rating continuum, summation of
values, closer to interval scale
Pearson's r - answer taking an average of the deviation of products, Examining how two
, variables vary simultaneously
construct - answer an informed, scientific concept developed to explain behavior; can't
be seen; can be inferred by overt behavior
overt behavior - answer observable action/product of observable action, including
test/assessment related response
observed score= - answer true score+measurement error (T+e)
error variance - answer the component of a test score attributable to sources other than
the trait or ability measured
reliability - answer consistency of the measurement; repeatability of the result
test-retest reliability - answer a method for determining the reliability of a test by
comparing a test taker's scores on the same test taken on separate occasions
internal consistency reliability - answer Reliability assessed with data collected at one
point in time with multiple measures of a psychological construct. A measure is reliable
when the multiple measures provide similar results.
inter-rater reliability - answer indicates how consistent scores are likely to be if the
responses are scored by two or more raters using the same item, scale, or instrument
validity - answer the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
norms - answer the reference group
race norming - answer adjusting test scores to account for the race/ethnicity of the test
taker
user/program norms - answer descriptive statistics based on a group of testtakers in a
given period of time rather than on norms obtained by formal sampling methods
standardization/test standardization - answer administer test to a representative sample
of test takers to establish norm
stratified sampling - answer the population is divided into groups with a common
attribute and a random sample is chosen within each group
purposive sample - answer a nonrandom sample that is chosen for some characteristic
that it possesses
Incidental sample (convenience sample) - answer convenient, most available for use;
does not claim to be representative of the population
Flynn effect - answer the worldwide phenomenon that shows IQ test performance has
been increasing over the years (+3 every 10 year)
ACCURATE ANSWERS
psychological assessment - answer gathering of psychology-related data to evaluate
the abilities, behaviors, and personal qualities of people, usually accomplished through
tools like tests; individualized; assessor is key
psychological testing - answer the process of measuring psychology-related variables
by means of devices or procedures designed to obtain a sample of human behavior;
usually a "standardized test"; can be a component of assessment
3 factors of a test - answer established scoring rule; standardized condition; evaluative
statement
basic concepts in measurement - answer quantification and standardization
2 major types of psychological test - answer ability and personality tests
3 major types of ability tests - answer intelligence test, aptitude test, achievement test
achievement test - answer to assess what a person has learned previously (eg.
psyc2050 midterm
aptitude test - answer to predict a person's future performance; test skills or abilities in
a specific area
2 major types of personality test - answer structured and projective test
structured personality test - answer structured questions that respondents answer in
one of a few fixed ways; structured scoring; eg. MMPI
projective personality test - answer ambiguous stimuli and response; eg. Roschach
inkplot test
4 types of scales - answer nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio
interval vs ratio scale - answer ratio has absolute zero, which zero means an absence of
something
Summative response scales - answer respondents evaluate themselves based on
magnitude/frequency
key features of summative response scales - answer rating continuum, summation of
values, closer to interval scale
Pearson's r - answer taking an average of the deviation of products, Examining how two
, variables vary simultaneously
construct - answer an informed, scientific concept developed to explain behavior; can't
be seen; can be inferred by overt behavior
overt behavior - answer observable action/product of observable action, including
test/assessment related response
observed score= - answer true score+measurement error (T+e)
error variance - answer the component of a test score attributable to sources other than
the trait or ability measured
reliability - answer consistency of the measurement; repeatability of the result
test-retest reliability - answer a method for determining the reliability of a test by
comparing a test taker's scores on the same test taken on separate occasions
internal consistency reliability - answer Reliability assessed with data collected at one
point in time with multiple measures of a psychological construct. A measure is reliable
when the multiple measures provide similar results.
inter-rater reliability - answer indicates how consistent scores are likely to be if the
responses are scored by two or more raters using the same item, scale, or instrument
validity - answer the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
norms - answer the reference group
race norming - answer adjusting test scores to account for the race/ethnicity of the test
taker
user/program norms - answer descriptive statistics based on a group of testtakers in a
given period of time rather than on norms obtained by formal sampling methods
standardization/test standardization - answer administer test to a representative sample
of test takers to establish norm
stratified sampling - answer the population is divided into groups with a common
attribute and a random sample is chosen within each group
purposive sample - answer a nonrandom sample that is chosen for some characteristic
that it possesses
Incidental sample (convenience sample) - answer convenient, most available for use;
does not claim to be representative of the population
Flynn effect - answer the worldwide phenomenon that shows IQ test performance has
been increasing over the years (+3 every 10 year)
