Shadow Health-Antihypertensives Concept Lab Complete with
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Shadow Health-Antihypertensives Concept Lab Complete with
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Blood pressure (BP) the force applied by circulating blood on the
walls of the blood vessels Systolic pressure the pressure against the
walls when the hearts ventricles contract Diastolic pressure the
pressure exerted when blood is replenished in the heart
Normal BP
Adults: around 120/80 mmHg
When is BP highest when
heart muscles contract
When is BP lowest
When heart muscles relax, allowing blood back into the heart
Factors of Blood pressure
1) systemic blood volume
2) Cardiac output
3) peripheral resistance Blood volume the volume of the blood within the entire circulatory system Cardiac output the
volume pumped out of the heart per minute Peripheral resistance the resistance blood meets as it flows through the
blood vessels
What is peripheral resistance determined by
Primarily determined by: 1) size of blood vessels
2) vessels level of constriction/dilation
Elevated BP
Systolic between 120-129 and diastolic less than 80
Stage 1 hypertension
130-139/80-89
Page 1 of 10
, Shadow Health-Antihypertensives Concept Lab Complete with
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Stage 2 hypertension
>140/>90
How is hypertension treated?
By addressing one or more of the three factors that govern BP
1) Systemic blood volume
2) cardiac output
3) peripheral resistance
Reducing Blood Volume
Volume of blood within CVS can vary due to ingestion and excretion of fluid and sodium. The renal system maintains fluid
balance by regulating the filtration and reabsorption of solutes and water in the blood, as well as the same substances in
urine n
First-line drug for reducing blood volume
Thiazide diuretics
Thiazide diuretics: examples
1) chlorothiazide (Diuril)
2) chlorothalidone (Thalitone)
3) hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) Thiazide diuretics
cost-effective, generally tolerated well, and are effective in treating mild to moderate hypertension by reducing blood
volume
Thiazide MOA
Inhibit reabsorption in the DCT of the nephron
Work by inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ into the blood, and as water tends to follow sodium, its reabsorption is also
limited. Water remaining in the filtrate will be excreted as urine.
Before vs. after administration of Thiazide diuretics
Before: in the DCT of the nephron, Na+ and water (and other molecules), are reabsorbed from the filtrate into the blood
After: thiazide diuretics inhibit reabsorption of sodium ions (blocking Na+ pump), water reabsorption is also inhibited
Thiazide Diuretics- Effects
Page 2 of 10
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Shadow Health-Antihypertensives Concept Lab Complete with
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Blood pressure (BP) the force applied by circulating blood on the
walls of the blood vessels Systolic pressure the pressure against the
walls when the hearts ventricles contract Diastolic pressure the
pressure exerted when blood is replenished in the heart
Normal BP
Adults: around 120/80 mmHg
When is BP highest when
heart muscles contract
When is BP lowest
When heart muscles relax, allowing blood back into the heart
Factors of Blood pressure
1) systemic blood volume
2) Cardiac output
3) peripheral resistance Blood volume the volume of the blood within the entire circulatory system Cardiac output the
volume pumped out of the heart per minute Peripheral resistance the resistance blood meets as it flows through the
blood vessels
What is peripheral resistance determined by
Primarily determined by: 1) size of blood vessels
2) vessels level of constriction/dilation
Elevated BP
Systolic between 120-129 and diastolic less than 80
Stage 1 hypertension
130-139/80-89
Page 1 of 10
, Shadow Health-Antihypertensives Concept Lab Complete with
Answers Verified and Graded 2025-2026
Stage 2 hypertension
>140/>90
How is hypertension treated?
By addressing one or more of the three factors that govern BP
1) Systemic blood volume
2) cardiac output
3) peripheral resistance
Reducing Blood Volume
Volume of blood within CVS can vary due to ingestion and excretion of fluid and sodium. The renal system maintains fluid
balance by regulating the filtration and reabsorption of solutes and water in the blood, as well as the same substances in
urine n
First-line drug for reducing blood volume
Thiazide diuretics
Thiazide diuretics: examples
1) chlorothiazide (Diuril)
2) chlorothalidone (Thalitone)
3) hydrochlorothiazide (Microzide) Thiazide diuretics
cost-effective, generally tolerated well, and are effective in treating mild to moderate hypertension by reducing blood
volume
Thiazide MOA
Inhibit reabsorption in the DCT of the nephron
Work by inhibiting the reabsorption of Na+ into the blood, and as water tends to follow sodium, its reabsorption is also
limited. Water remaining in the filtrate will be excreted as urine.
Before vs. after administration of Thiazide diuretics
Before: in the DCT of the nephron, Na+ and water (and other molecules), are reabsorbed from the filtrate into the blood
After: thiazide diuretics inhibit reabsorption of sodium ions (blocking Na+ pump), water reabsorption is also inhibited
Thiazide Diuretics- Effects
Page 2 of 10
