, PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS 2025 EXAM PREP:
ARCANGELO & PETERSON TEST BANK
ESSENTIALS
📘 Verified | Detailed Rationales | 1,120 Questions | Designed for Guaranteed Clinical
Competency
Table of Contents
1. Issues for the Practitioner in Drug Therapy
2. Pharmacokinetic Basis of Therapeutics and Pharmacodynamic Principles
3. Impact of Drug Interactions and Adverse Events on Therapeutics
4. Principles of Pharmacotherapy in Pediatrics, Pregnancy and Lactation
5. Pharmacotherapy Principles in Older Adults
6. Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
7. Pharmacogenomics
8. The Economics of Pharmacotherapeutics
9. Principles of Pharmacology in Pain Management
10. Pain Management in Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) Patients
11. Cannabis and Pain Management
12. Dermatitis
13. Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Infections of the Skin
14. Psoriasis
15. Acne Vulgaris and Rosacea
16. Ophthalmic Disorders
17. Otitis Media and Otitis Externa
18. Hypertension
19. Hyperlipidemia
20. Chronic Stable Angina and Myocardial Infarction
,21. Heart Failure
22. Arrhythmias
23. Respiratory Infections
24. Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
25. Gastric, Functional and Inflammatory Bowel Disorders
26. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Peptic Ulcer Disease
27. Liver Diseases
28. Urinary Tract Infection
29. Prostatic Disorders and Erectile Dysfunction
30. Overactive Bladder
31. Sexually Transmitted Infections
32. Osteoarthritis and Gout
33. Osteoporosis
34. Rheumatoid Arthritis
35. Headaches
36. Seizure Disorders
37. Alzheimer’s Disease
38. Parkinson Disease
39. Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorders
40. Anxiety Disorders
41. Sleep Disorders
42. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
43. Substance Use Disorders
44. Diabetes Mellitus
45. Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders
46. Allergies and Allergic Reactions
47. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
,48. Organ Transplantation
49. Pharmacotherapy for Select Thromboembolic Disorders
50. Anemias
51. Immunizations
52. Smoking Cessation
53. Weight Loss
54. Contraception
55. Menopause
56. Vaginitis
,Question 1
A nurse practitioner (NP) practicing in State A notes that
her prescribing authority does not require physician
collaboration. Which term best describes this scope?
A. Restricted practice
B. Full practice
C. Reduced practice
D. Delegated practice
Correct Answer: B. Full practice
Rationale: Full practice allows NPs to evaluate, diagnose,
and prescribe independently. Restricted practice requires
supervision; reduced practice requires collaborative
agreements; delegated practice implies direct physician
delegation.
Question 2
An advanced practice provider is uncertain about off-label
use of a medication. Which resource is most appropriate
for evidence-based decision-making?
A. Pharmaceutical sales representative materials
B. Peer-reviewed clinical guidelines
C. Online patient forums
D. Manufacturer’s package insert alone
,Correct Answer: B. Peer-reviewed clinical guidelines
Rationale: Clinical guidelines synthesize high-quality
evidence. Sales materials and forums are biased or
anecdotal; package inserts may lack comprehensive
evidence for off-label use.
Question 3
An NP prescribes five medications for an elderly patient.
Which action best addresses polypharmacy?
A. Continue all current medications
B. Conduct a medication reconciliation and deprescribe
unnecessary drugs
C. Add a supplement to offset side effects
D. Increase monitoring without adjusting therapy
Correct Answer: B. Conduct a medication reconciliation
and deprescribe unnecessary drugs
Rationale: Deprescribing and reconciliation reduce
polypharmacy. Continuing exacerbates risk, supplements
add burden, and monitoring alone does not mitigate
polypharmacy.
Question 4
Which action demonstrates ethical prescribing?
,A. Writing prescriptions for family members without
documentation
B. Prescribing the most expensive medication for all
patients
C. Discussing risks, benefits, and alternatives with the
patient
D. Ignoring patient preferences when selecting therapy
Correct Answer: C. Discussing risks, benefits, and
alternatives with the patient
Rationale: Shared decision-making upholds ethics.
Treating family informally breaches documentation;
expensive meds may not be cost-effective; ignoring
preferences violates autonomy.
Question 5
A patient struggles to afford brand-name medication.
Which strategy best improves adherence?
A. Discontinue therapy
B. Switch to an evidence-based generic alternative
C. Advise patient to skip doses
D. Increase dosage interval
Correct Answer: B. Switch to an evidence-based generic
alternative
Rationale: Generics lower cost with equivalent efficacy.
,Discontinuation and skipping doses harm outcomes;
lengthening intervals may reduce efficacy.
Question 6
State B requires collaborative practice agreements for APP
prescribing. This is an example of which scope
classification?
A. Full practice
B. Reduced practice
C. Restricted practice
D. Unregulated practice
Correct Answer: B. Reduced practice
Rationale: Reduced practice involves collaborative
agreements. Restricted practice requires direct
supervision; full is autonomous; unregulated does not
apply.
Question 7
Which approach enhances health literacy when explaining
a new prescription?
A. Using complex medical jargon
B. Providing verbal instructions only
C. Employing the teach-back method
D. Giving lengthy written summaries
,Correct Answer: C. Employing the teach-back method
Rationale: Teach-back confirms understanding. Jargon
confuses; verbal-only may be forgotten; lengthy texts may
overwhelm.
Question 8
An APP prescribes a controlled substance for chronic pain.
Which activity is essential for provider accountability?
A. Ignoring state prescription monitoring program (PDMP)
B. Documenting clinical rationale and monitoring plans
C. Prescribing unlimited refills
D. Delegating all monitoring to nursing staff
Correct Answer: B. Documenting clinical rationale and
monitoring plans
Rationale: Thorough documentation ensures
accountability. Ignoring PDMP breaches safety; unlimited
refills risks misuse; full delegation abdicates responsibility.
Question 9
A culturally diverse patient expresses concerns about
medication side effects. The APP’s best response is to:
A. Dismiss concerns and proceed
B. Provide culturally tailored education materials
, C. Insist on standard regimen without discussion
D. Refer immediately to a specialist
Correct Answer: B. Provide culturally tailored education
materials
Rationale: Tailored education respects culture and
improves adherence. Dismissing and insisting harm trust;
referral may delay care.
Question 10
Which tool helps minimize prescribing errors in electronic
health records?
A. Manual scribbled orders
B. Clinical decision support alerts
C. Verbal orders without verification
D. Unchecked auto-populated fields
Correct Answer: B. Clinical decision support alerts
Rationale: Alerts flag interactions or allergies. Scribbled
and verbal orders increase errors; unchecked fields
perpetuate mistakes.
Question 11
An APP reviews a patient’s medication list and identifies
two drugs with potential interaction. The next best step is
to:
ARCANGELO & PETERSON TEST BANK
ESSENTIALS
📘 Verified | Detailed Rationales | 1,120 Questions | Designed for Guaranteed Clinical
Competency
Table of Contents
1. Issues for the Practitioner in Drug Therapy
2. Pharmacokinetic Basis of Therapeutics and Pharmacodynamic Principles
3. Impact of Drug Interactions and Adverse Events on Therapeutics
4. Principles of Pharmacotherapy in Pediatrics, Pregnancy and Lactation
5. Pharmacotherapy Principles in Older Adults
6. Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy
7. Pharmacogenomics
8. The Economics of Pharmacotherapeutics
9. Principles of Pharmacology in Pain Management
10. Pain Management in Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) Patients
11. Cannabis and Pain Management
12. Dermatitis
13. Bacterial, Fungal, and Viral Infections of the Skin
14. Psoriasis
15. Acne Vulgaris and Rosacea
16. Ophthalmic Disorders
17. Otitis Media and Otitis Externa
18. Hypertension
19. Hyperlipidemia
20. Chronic Stable Angina and Myocardial Infarction
,21. Heart Failure
22. Arrhythmias
23. Respiratory Infections
24. Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
25. Gastric, Functional and Inflammatory Bowel Disorders
26. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Peptic Ulcer Disease
27. Liver Diseases
28. Urinary Tract Infection
29. Prostatic Disorders and Erectile Dysfunction
30. Overactive Bladder
31. Sexually Transmitted Infections
32. Osteoarthritis and Gout
33. Osteoporosis
34. Rheumatoid Arthritis
35. Headaches
36. Seizure Disorders
37. Alzheimer’s Disease
38. Parkinson Disease
39. Major Depressive Disorder and Bipolar Disorders
40. Anxiety Disorders
41. Sleep Disorders
42. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
43. Substance Use Disorders
44. Diabetes Mellitus
45. Thyroid and Parathyroid Disorders
46. Allergies and Allergic Reactions
47. Human Immunodeficiency Virus
,48. Organ Transplantation
49. Pharmacotherapy for Select Thromboembolic Disorders
50. Anemias
51. Immunizations
52. Smoking Cessation
53. Weight Loss
54. Contraception
55. Menopause
56. Vaginitis
,Question 1
A nurse practitioner (NP) practicing in State A notes that
her prescribing authority does not require physician
collaboration. Which term best describes this scope?
A. Restricted practice
B. Full practice
C. Reduced practice
D. Delegated practice
Correct Answer: B. Full practice
Rationale: Full practice allows NPs to evaluate, diagnose,
and prescribe independently. Restricted practice requires
supervision; reduced practice requires collaborative
agreements; delegated practice implies direct physician
delegation.
Question 2
An advanced practice provider is uncertain about off-label
use of a medication. Which resource is most appropriate
for evidence-based decision-making?
A. Pharmaceutical sales representative materials
B. Peer-reviewed clinical guidelines
C. Online patient forums
D. Manufacturer’s package insert alone
,Correct Answer: B. Peer-reviewed clinical guidelines
Rationale: Clinical guidelines synthesize high-quality
evidence. Sales materials and forums are biased or
anecdotal; package inserts may lack comprehensive
evidence for off-label use.
Question 3
An NP prescribes five medications for an elderly patient.
Which action best addresses polypharmacy?
A. Continue all current medications
B. Conduct a medication reconciliation and deprescribe
unnecessary drugs
C. Add a supplement to offset side effects
D. Increase monitoring without adjusting therapy
Correct Answer: B. Conduct a medication reconciliation
and deprescribe unnecessary drugs
Rationale: Deprescribing and reconciliation reduce
polypharmacy. Continuing exacerbates risk, supplements
add burden, and monitoring alone does not mitigate
polypharmacy.
Question 4
Which action demonstrates ethical prescribing?
,A. Writing prescriptions for family members without
documentation
B. Prescribing the most expensive medication for all
patients
C. Discussing risks, benefits, and alternatives with the
patient
D. Ignoring patient preferences when selecting therapy
Correct Answer: C. Discussing risks, benefits, and
alternatives with the patient
Rationale: Shared decision-making upholds ethics.
Treating family informally breaches documentation;
expensive meds may not be cost-effective; ignoring
preferences violates autonomy.
Question 5
A patient struggles to afford brand-name medication.
Which strategy best improves adherence?
A. Discontinue therapy
B. Switch to an evidence-based generic alternative
C. Advise patient to skip doses
D. Increase dosage interval
Correct Answer: B. Switch to an evidence-based generic
alternative
Rationale: Generics lower cost with equivalent efficacy.
,Discontinuation and skipping doses harm outcomes;
lengthening intervals may reduce efficacy.
Question 6
State B requires collaborative practice agreements for APP
prescribing. This is an example of which scope
classification?
A. Full practice
B. Reduced practice
C. Restricted practice
D. Unregulated practice
Correct Answer: B. Reduced practice
Rationale: Reduced practice involves collaborative
agreements. Restricted practice requires direct
supervision; full is autonomous; unregulated does not
apply.
Question 7
Which approach enhances health literacy when explaining
a new prescription?
A. Using complex medical jargon
B. Providing verbal instructions only
C. Employing the teach-back method
D. Giving lengthy written summaries
,Correct Answer: C. Employing the teach-back method
Rationale: Teach-back confirms understanding. Jargon
confuses; verbal-only may be forgotten; lengthy texts may
overwhelm.
Question 8
An APP prescribes a controlled substance for chronic pain.
Which activity is essential for provider accountability?
A. Ignoring state prescription monitoring program (PDMP)
B. Documenting clinical rationale and monitoring plans
C. Prescribing unlimited refills
D. Delegating all monitoring to nursing staff
Correct Answer: B. Documenting clinical rationale and
monitoring plans
Rationale: Thorough documentation ensures
accountability. Ignoring PDMP breaches safety; unlimited
refills risks misuse; full delegation abdicates responsibility.
Question 9
A culturally diverse patient expresses concerns about
medication side effects. The APP’s best response is to:
A. Dismiss concerns and proceed
B. Provide culturally tailored education materials
, C. Insist on standard regimen without discussion
D. Refer immediately to a specialist
Correct Answer: B. Provide culturally tailored education
materials
Rationale: Tailored education respects culture and
improves adherence. Dismissing and insisting harm trust;
referral may delay care.
Question 10
Which tool helps minimize prescribing errors in electronic
health records?
A. Manual scribbled orders
B. Clinical decision support alerts
C. Verbal orders without verification
D. Unchecked auto-populated fields
Correct Answer: B. Clinical decision support alerts
Rationale: Alerts flag interactions or allergies. Scribbled
and verbal orders increase errors; unchecked fields
perpetuate mistakes.
Question 11
An APP reviews a patient’s medication list and identifies
two drugs with potential interaction. The next best step is
to:
