PN 4006 NURSING NEWLY COMPILED TEST QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS FOR COMPLETE EXAM
READINESS AND HIGH-SCORE ACHIEVEMENT
300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Q: What are the five rights of medication administration? ANSWER
Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time. Some sources
include a sixth right: right documentation.
2. Q: What is the normal range for adult blood pressure? ANSWER
Systolic: 90-120 mmHg, Diastolic: 60-80 mmHg. Normal is considered
<120/<80 mmHg.
3. Q: Define aseptic technique. ANSWER A practice used to prevent
contamination from microorganisms, involving sterile equipment and
environmental controls to minimize infection risk.
4. Q: What is the difference between clean and sterile technique? ANSWER
Clean technique reduces microorganisms to prevent infection spread; sterile
technique eliminates all microorganisms to prevent contamination of sterile
areas.
5. Q: List the vital signs and their normal ranges for adults. ANSWER
Temperature: 97.8-99.1°F (36.5-37.3°C), Pulse: 60-100 bpm, Respirations: 12-
20/min, Blood pressure: <120/<80 mmHg.
6. Q: What does HIPAA stand for and what is its purpose? ANSWER
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. It protects patient health
information privacy and security.
7. Q: Describe the nursing process. ANSWER Assessment, Nursing
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (ADPIE).
,8. Q: What is informed consent? ANSWER A patient's voluntary agreement
to a treatment or procedure after receiving adequate information about risks,
benefits, and alternatives.
9. Q: Define patient advocacy. ANSWER Acting on behalf of patients to
protect their rights, ensure quality care, and support their healthcare decisions.
10. Q: What is the purpose of hand hygiene in healthcare? ANSWER To
prevent healthcare-associated infections by removing or killing microorganisms
on hands.
11. Q: When should standard precautions be used? ANSWER With all
patients, regardless of diagnosis, as they may have undiagnosed infections.
12. Q: What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
ANSWER Subjective data is what the patient reports (symptoms); objective
data is what can be observed or measured (signs).
13. Q: List five positions used for patient care. ANSWER Supine, prone,
side-lying (lateral), Fowler's, semi-Fowler's.
14. Q: What is body mechanics? ANSWER The efficient use of body muscles
and skeleton to maintain balance and avoid injury during physical activity.
15. Q: Define therapeutic communication. ANSWER Goal-directed, patient-
focused communication that promotes healing and establishes trusting nurse-
patient relationships.
16. Q: What are the stages of grief according to Kübler-Ross? ANSWER
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.
17. Q: What is cultural competence in nursing? ANSWER The ability to
provide care that respects and incorporates patients' cultural beliefs, values, and
practices.
18. Q: Define pain assessment. ANSWER A systematic evaluation of a
patient's pain experience using tools like pain scales, location, quality, and
associated factors.
19. Q: What is the purpose of a nursing care plan? ANSWER To provide
individualized, evidence-based care that addresses patient needs and promotes
optimal outcomes.
20. Q: List three types of wound drainage. ANSWER Serous (clear),
sanguineous (bloody), purulent (infected/pus).
, 21. Q: What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for? ANSWER To assess level
of consciousness by evaluating eye opening, verbal response, and motor
response.
22. Q: Define active vs. passive range of motion. ANSWER Active ROM:
patient moves joints independently. Passive ROM: nurse moves patient's joints
for them.
23. Q: What are the signs of infection? ANSWER Redness, heat, swelling,
pain, loss of function (classic signs of inflammation), plus fever and elevated
white blood cells.
24. Q: What is the purpose of turning patients every 2 hours? ANSWER To
prevent pressure ulcers, improve circulation, prevent pneumonia, and maintain
joint mobility.
25. Q: Define NPO. ANSWER Nothing by mouth (nil per os) - no food or
fluids orally, usually before surgery or procedures.
26. Q: What is the difference between acute and chronic illness? ANSWER
Acute illness has rapid onset and short duration; chronic illness develops slowly
and lasts long-term or permanently.
27. Q: List the hierarchy of needs according to Maslow. ANSWER
Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization.
28. Q: What is the purpose of intake and output monitoring? ANSWER To
assess fluid balance and kidney function by tracking all fluids consumed and
eliminated.
29. Q: Define therapeutic relationship. ANSWER A professional, goal-
oriented relationship between nurse and patient focused on patient's health and
healing.
30. Q: What are the components of a complete assessment? ANSWER
Health history, physical examination, psychological assessment, spiritual
assessment, cultural assessment.
31. Q: What is the purpose of documentation in nursing? ANSWER Legal
protection, communication between healthcare providers, continuity of care,
quality improvement, and reimbursement.
32. Q: Define ethical dilemma. ANSWER A situation requiring choice
between competing moral principles where no solution is completely
satisfactory.
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS FOR COMPLETE EXAM
READINESS AND HIGH-SCORE ACHIEVEMENT
300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
1. Q: What are the five rights of medication administration? ANSWER
Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time. Some sources
include a sixth right: right documentation.
2. Q: What is the normal range for adult blood pressure? ANSWER
Systolic: 90-120 mmHg, Diastolic: 60-80 mmHg. Normal is considered
<120/<80 mmHg.
3. Q: Define aseptic technique. ANSWER A practice used to prevent
contamination from microorganisms, involving sterile equipment and
environmental controls to minimize infection risk.
4. Q: What is the difference between clean and sterile technique? ANSWER
Clean technique reduces microorganisms to prevent infection spread; sterile
technique eliminates all microorganisms to prevent contamination of sterile
areas.
5. Q: List the vital signs and their normal ranges for adults. ANSWER
Temperature: 97.8-99.1°F (36.5-37.3°C), Pulse: 60-100 bpm, Respirations: 12-
20/min, Blood pressure: <120/<80 mmHg.
6. Q: What does HIPAA stand for and what is its purpose? ANSWER
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. It protects patient health
information privacy and security.
7. Q: Describe the nursing process. ANSWER Assessment, Nursing
Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation (ADPIE).
,8. Q: What is informed consent? ANSWER A patient's voluntary agreement
to a treatment or procedure after receiving adequate information about risks,
benefits, and alternatives.
9. Q: Define patient advocacy. ANSWER Acting on behalf of patients to
protect their rights, ensure quality care, and support their healthcare decisions.
10. Q: What is the purpose of hand hygiene in healthcare? ANSWER To
prevent healthcare-associated infections by removing or killing microorganisms
on hands.
11. Q: When should standard precautions be used? ANSWER With all
patients, regardless of diagnosis, as they may have undiagnosed infections.
12. Q: What is the difference between subjective and objective data?
ANSWER Subjective data is what the patient reports (symptoms); objective
data is what can be observed or measured (signs).
13. Q: List five positions used for patient care. ANSWER Supine, prone,
side-lying (lateral), Fowler's, semi-Fowler's.
14. Q: What is body mechanics? ANSWER The efficient use of body muscles
and skeleton to maintain balance and avoid injury during physical activity.
15. Q: Define therapeutic communication. ANSWER Goal-directed, patient-
focused communication that promotes healing and establishes trusting nurse-
patient relationships.
16. Q: What are the stages of grief according to Kübler-Ross? ANSWER
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance.
17. Q: What is cultural competence in nursing? ANSWER The ability to
provide care that respects and incorporates patients' cultural beliefs, values, and
practices.
18. Q: Define pain assessment. ANSWER A systematic evaluation of a
patient's pain experience using tools like pain scales, location, quality, and
associated factors.
19. Q: What is the purpose of a nursing care plan? ANSWER To provide
individualized, evidence-based care that addresses patient needs and promotes
optimal outcomes.
20. Q: List three types of wound drainage. ANSWER Serous (clear),
sanguineous (bloody), purulent (infected/pus).
, 21. Q: What is the Glasgow Coma Scale used for? ANSWER To assess level
of consciousness by evaluating eye opening, verbal response, and motor
response.
22. Q: Define active vs. passive range of motion. ANSWER Active ROM:
patient moves joints independently. Passive ROM: nurse moves patient's joints
for them.
23. Q: What are the signs of infection? ANSWER Redness, heat, swelling,
pain, loss of function (classic signs of inflammation), plus fever and elevated
white blood cells.
24. Q: What is the purpose of turning patients every 2 hours? ANSWER To
prevent pressure ulcers, improve circulation, prevent pneumonia, and maintain
joint mobility.
25. Q: Define NPO. ANSWER Nothing by mouth (nil per os) - no food or
fluids orally, usually before surgery or procedures.
26. Q: What is the difference between acute and chronic illness? ANSWER
Acute illness has rapid onset and short duration; chronic illness develops slowly
and lasts long-term or permanently.
27. Q: List the hierarchy of needs according to Maslow. ANSWER
Physiological, Safety, Love/Belonging, Esteem, Self-actualization.
28. Q: What is the purpose of intake and output monitoring? ANSWER To
assess fluid balance and kidney function by tracking all fluids consumed and
eliminated.
29. Q: Define therapeutic relationship. ANSWER A professional, goal-
oriented relationship between nurse and patient focused on patient's health and
healing.
30. Q: What are the components of a complete assessment? ANSWER
Health history, physical examination, psychological assessment, spiritual
assessment, cultural assessment.
31. Q: What is the purpose of documentation in nursing? ANSWER Legal
protection, communication between healthcare providers, continuity of care,
quality improvement, and reimbursement.
32. Q: Define ethical dilemma. ANSWER A situation requiring choice
between competing moral principles where no solution is completely
satisfactory.
