NSG 345 Exam 2 Questions with Detailed Verified
Answers 100% Correct Answers Already Graded A+
Quiz: What is HF? Ans: when myocardium weakens and enlarges, it loses its
ability to pump blood through the heart and into systemic circ
Quiz: Left sided heart failure (LSHF) Ans: left ventricle doesn't contract
sufficiently to pump blood returned from lungs and LA so blood backs up into
lungs
S/S: SOB and dyspnea
Quiz: Right sided heart failure (RSHF) Ans: heart doesn't sufficiently pump
blood returned into RA from systemic circ so blood backs up in periphery,
causing peripheral edema
Quiz: what is ANP Ans: ANP = atrial natriuretic peptide
lab value that can be used to confirm HF
-when heart is under strain due to HF, atria release increased lvls of ANP as a
compensatory mechanism to try and reduce blood vol and pressure
-ANH promotes vasodilation and increases GFR; get a large vol of urine output
that decreases BP and blood vol
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,Quiz: Normal ANP range Ans: 20-77 pg/mL
lvls greater than this indicate HF
Quiz: What is BNP? Ans: BNP = brain natriuretic peptide
-when heart is under strain, more BNP is released from atrial cardiac cells into
blood
Quiz: Normal BNP range Ans: normal = < 100 pg/mL
-value much greater than 100 = HF
**important to note that elderly women (65 and older) may have a value >100
as their baseline
-BNP markedly higher in HF (e.g. 400 pg.mL)
Quiz: Which is a more sensitive measure of HF? Ans: BNP is a slightly more
sensitive measure for HF b/c it can help differentiate HF from lung dysfunction
Quiz: What meds are used to t(x) HF? Ans: cardiac glycosides e.g. digoxin
Quiz: What do cardiac glycosides do? Ans: They help t(x) HF by helping the
heart pump/contract more efficiently
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,-digitalis (digoxin) preparations have 3 effects on heart muscle:
1. positive inotropic
2. negative chronotropic
3. negative dromotropic
which all work to decrease HR/conduction and have more forceful/efficient
contractions
Quiz: How do cardiac glycosides work? Ans: cardiac glycosides work by
inhibiting the Na+/K+ pump; resulting in increased intracellular Na --> which
leads to an influx of Ca+ --> this influx causes cardiac muscle fibers to contract
Quiz: What is the therapeutic serum lvl for digoxin (dysrhythmias vs HF)?
Ans: dysrhythmias = 0.8-2.0 ng/mL
HF = 0.5-1.0 ng/mL
anything >2.0 ng/mL = DIG TOXICITY
Quiz: SE of digoxin Ans: Visual:
-blurred or yellow vision
-visual impairment
Heart:
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, -Bradycardia
-Palpations, dysthymias
-AV block
GI:
-Anorexia
-N/V/D
-Abdominal pain
LOC:
-Confusion
-H/A
-Weakness
-Anxiety
Quiz: What is the biggest concern for digoxin? Ans: TOXICITY; want to
maintain therapeutic lvl within 0.8-2.0 (dysrhyth) or 0.5-1.0 (HF)
*no greater than 2.0
Quiz: S/S digoxin toxicity Ans: digoxin has a long half life so there is a major
risk for toxicity
S/S:
-Bradycardia (PR <60 bpm)
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Answers 100% Correct Answers Already Graded A+
Quiz: What is HF? Ans: when myocardium weakens and enlarges, it loses its
ability to pump blood through the heart and into systemic circ
Quiz: Left sided heart failure (LSHF) Ans: left ventricle doesn't contract
sufficiently to pump blood returned from lungs and LA so blood backs up into
lungs
S/S: SOB and dyspnea
Quiz: Right sided heart failure (RSHF) Ans: heart doesn't sufficiently pump
blood returned into RA from systemic circ so blood backs up in periphery,
causing peripheral edema
Quiz: what is ANP Ans: ANP = atrial natriuretic peptide
lab value that can be used to confirm HF
-when heart is under strain due to HF, atria release increased lvls of ANP as a
compensatory mechanism to try and reduce blood vol and pressure
-ANH promotes vasodilation and increases GFR; get a large vol of urine output
that decreases BP and blood vol
© 2025 Get it right Stuvia US All rights reserved
,Quiz: Normal ANP range Ans: 20-77 pg/mL
lvls greater than this indicate HF
Quiz: What is BNP? Ans: BNP = brain natriuretic peptide
-when heart is under strain, more BNP is released from atrial cardiac cells into
blood
Quiz: Normal BNP range Ans: normal = < 100 pg/mL
-value much greater than 100 = HF
**important to note that elderly women (65 and older) may have a value >100
as their baseline
-BNP markedly higher in HF (e.g. 400 pg.mL)
Quiz: Which is a more sensitive measure of HF? Ans: BNP is a slightly more
sensitive measure for HF b/c it can help differentiate HF from lung dysfunction
Quiz: What meds are used to t(x) HF? Ans: cardiac glycosides e.g. digoxin
Quiz: What do cardiac glycosides do? Ans: They help t(x) HF by helping the
heart pump/contract more efficiently
© 2025 Get it right Stuvia US All rights reserved
,-digitalis (digoxin) preparations have 3 effects on heart muscle:
1. positive inotropic
2. negative chronotropic
3. negative dromotropic
which all work to decrease HR/conduction and have more forceful/efficient
contractions
Quiz: How do cardiac glycosides work? Ans: cardiac glycosides work by
inhibiting the Na+/K+ pump; resulting in increased intracellular Na --> which
leads to an influx of Ca+ --> this influx causes cardiac muscle fibers to contract
Quiz: What is the therapeutic serum lvl for digoxin (dysrhythmias vs HF)?
Ans: dysrhythmias = 0.8-2.0 ng/mL
HF = 0.5-1.0 ng/mL
anything >2.0 ng/mL = DIG TOXICITY
Quiz: SE of digoxin Ans: Visual:
-blurred or yellow vision
-visual impairment
Heart:
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, -Bradycardia
-Palpations, dysthymias
-AV block
GI:
-Anorexia
-N/V/D
-Abdominal pain
LOC:
-Confusion
-H/A
-Weakness
-Anxiety
Quiz: What is the biggest concern for digoxin? Ans: TOXICITY; want to
maintain therapeutic lvl within 0.8-2.0 (dysrhyth) or 0.5-1.0 (HF)
*no greater than 2.0
Quiz: S/S digoxin toxicity Ans: digoxin has a long half life so there is a major
risk for toxicity
S/S:
-Bradycardia (PR <60 bpm)
© 2025 Get it right Stuvia US All rights reserved
