PPNC midterm Questions and Correct Answers

1




PPNC midterm Questions and Correct
Answers

Question: how long is the contaminated border of the sterile glove
package?
Answer: 1 inch


Question: what are the five rights of teaching?
Answer: right context, time, content, goal, and method


Question: what do you use if your hands are visibly soiled?
Answer: soap and water because spore containing bacteria cannot be
killed by alcohol based products


Question: what are contractures?
Answer: a condition of shortening or hardening of muscles, tendons, or
other tissues; often leads to deformity and rigidity of joints


Question: when do you fill out an incident report for pressure ulcers?
Answer: at stage 2


Question: encoding vs decoding
Answer: encoding is the selection of words and gestures from the sender,
while decoding is the interpretation by the receiver


Question: endogenous vs exogenous
Answer: exo: infection is obtained from healthcare environment


endo: pathogen arrives from normal flora when some kind of treatment
causes a problem



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Question: what are the stages of infection?
Answer: incubation (time of infection until manifestation, can be
infectious)


prodromal (begin to have symptoms, but not full blown, not all illnesses
have this)


illness (you are sick)


decline (reduction in pathogens)


convalescence (healed)


Question: primary vs secondary defenses vs tertiary
Answer: primary: normal flora


secondary: phagocytosis, inflammation, fever, complement cascade


tertiary: humoral, cell-mediated immunity


Question: what are the two materials of catheters?
Answer: latex and silastic


Question: what is the typical size of catheters?
Answer: 14-16 Fr for adults


5-10 for pediatric


Question: what is a robinson catheter?
Answer: straight catheter, one time use


Question: what is a foley catheter?


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Answer: retention, indwelling


Question: do catheters require a physician order?
Answer: yes


Question: what are the different types of catheters?
Answer: single lumen - straight


double/triple lumen - foley


suprapubic


coude - curved tip, for difficult insertions, blockages, and enlarged
prostrates


external catheter - condom


Question: what is voiding?
Answer: micturition, process of filling bladder


Question: how much can the bladder hold?
Answer: 200-450ml of urine


Question: what do you contract and what do you relax to void?
Answer: contract detrusor muscle, relax external urethral sphincter


Question: how much urine do the kidneys produce?
Answer: 50-60mL an hour, 1500mL a day


Question: what are common urine studies?




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Answer: fresh sample, clean catch (clean genitalia first), sterile (use
catheter), and 24 hr urine (large container with all urine excreted over 24
hr, discard first void)


Question: what are other urine studies?
Answer: urinalysis: dipstick (at bedside) or microscopic (lab)


dipstick: at beside, determine pH and specific gravity


specific gravity: indicator for urine concentration, use refractometer
(measures extent of which the beam of light changes direction when
passing through urine)


Question: how do you care for a UTI?
Answer: administer antibiotics, take phenazopyridine for burning/urgency,
avoid coffee/alcohol, but drink fluids


Question: what are different UTIs?
Answer: urethritis: infection of urethra


cystitis: bacteria travel up urethra into bladder, causing bladder infection


kidney infection: pyelonephritis


Question: what is a triple lumen cath used for?
Answer: continuous or intermittent bladder irrigation


Question: how do you prevent skin breakdown with urine?
Answer: keep skin dry, barrier creams, antifungals to prevent fungus
growth


Question: what is bladder training?




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