FISDAP Airway Exam questions with
correct answers
m |the |atmosphere, |what |structures |does |air |pass |through |during |ventilation? |- |correct
|answer-Starts |in |atmosphere, |then |nose, |nasopharyngeal |space/orophargyneal |space |(if
|mouth |breather), |then |pharynx, |larynx, |trachea, |bronchi, |bronchioles, |alveoli
What |is |the |purpose |of |the |nasal |passages |and |nasopharynx? |- |correct |answer-To
|warm/humidify |air |as |it |passes |through
What |is |the |difference |between |respiration |and |ventilation? |- |correct |answer-Respiration
|refers |to |the |exchange |of |gases |in |the |alveoli, |ventilation |refers |to |the |movement |of |air |into
|the |lungs. |Respiration |is |needed |to |provide |O2 |to |cells |and |remove |waste |products. |Also
|regulates |pH |of |blood.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |upper |airway? |- |correct |answer-nose, |mouth, |tongue, |jaw,
|pharynx |and |larynx
What |structure |is |considered |a |landmark |that |divides |the |upper |airway |from |lower? |- |correct
|answer-The |larynx, |anything |above |is |upper. |The |larynx |and |below |are |lower.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |lower |airways? |- |correct |answer-larynx |(includes |adam's
|apple/thyroid |cartilage, |cricothyroid |membrane, |cricoid |cartilage), |trachea, |bronchi,
|bronchioles, |alveoli
Describe |the |anatomy |of |the |larynx. |- |correct |answer-From |superior |to |inferior. |Thyroid
|cartilage, |cricothyroid |membrane, |and |cricoid |membrane. |The |thyroid |cartilage |and |cricoid
|cartilage |are |anterior |to |the |larynx, |and |the |cricothyroid |membrane |is |posterior |to |both
|structures.
True |or |false: |the |lungs |are |completely |equal |in |the |midsaggital |plane. |- |correct
answer-False, |right |lungs |has |3 |lobes, |left |lung |only |has |2 |lobes. |Together |they |have |5 |total.
|Also, |the |right |bronchi |is |inferior |to |the |left |bronchi.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |lungs |in |order |of |ventilation? |- |correct |answer-bronchioles, |and
|alveoli
True |or |false: |the |lungs |use |muscles |found |in |the |lateral |lobes |to |expand |and |contract? |-
|correct |answer-False: |the |lungs |are |hollow |organs |and |contain |no |muscles. |When |the
|diaphragm |contracts |it |expands |the |thoracic |cavity. |The |pleural |space |has |a |negative
|pressure |and |the |lungs |expand. |This |results |in |a |slightly |negative |pressure |(compared |to |the
|atmosphere) |and |air |rushes |in.
True |or |false: |Air |rushes |into |the |lungs |because |of |negative |pressure. |- |correct |answer-True,
|when |the |lungs |expand, |they |are |creating |a |vacuum |because |they |are |expanding |the |volume |of
|the |container. |This |increase |in |volume |causes |influx |of |air |into |the |container |until |the |pressure
|is |equalized |with |the |atmosphere.
, True |or |false: |The |parietal |pleura |lines |the |lungs |and |the |visceral |pleura |lines |the |lungs. |The
|space |between |is |called |the |anterior |pleura. |- |correct |answer-False: |the |visceral |pleura |lines
|the |lungs, |the |parietal |pleura |lines |the |body |cavity |and |the |pleural |space |is |the |space |in
|between |both |where |body |fluid |allows |for |both |to |smoothly |glide.
What |muscles |are |involved |in |inhalation? |- |correct |answer-The |diaphragm, |cervical |muscles
|(neck), |intercostals, |abdominal |muscles, |and |pectoral |muscles.
What |muscles |are |involved |in |expiration? |- |correct |answer-none, |expiration |(if |done
|passively) |is |achieved |by |the |relaxation |of |the |diaphragm.
What |is |the |primary |driver |of |respiration? |(Why |would |we |increase/decrease |RR?) |- |correct
|answer-The |CSF |in |the |brain |has |chemoreceptors |sensitive |to |CO2. |When |there |is |too |much
|CO2. |The |pH |changes. |These |sensors |feed |back |to |the |medulla |oblongata, |which |stimulates
|the |phrenic |nerve |which |innervates |the |diaphragm. |They |cause |an |increase |in |activity |of |the
|diaphragm. |This |increases |the |RR |which |causes |us |to |increase |tidal |volume. |This |means
|more |CO2 |is |exhaled. |And |brings |our |pH |back |to |normal.
We |also |have |the |less |sensitive |hypoxic |drive
What |is |hypoxic |drive? |- |correct |answer-Backup |system |to |control |respiration.
|Chemoreceptors |in |brain, |aorta, |and |carotid |arteries. |But |they |are |"satisfied" |by |a |small
|amount |of |O2, |which |means |it |is |not |as |sensitive |as |pH |control |of |CO2
What |two |areas |of |the |brain |are |involved |in |respiration? |- |correct |answer-medulla-controls
|rhythm, |initiates |inspiration, |sets |base |pattern |for |respirations, |and |stimulates |diaphragm |to
|contract.
pons-changes |depth |of |inspiration, |expiration |or |both.
True |or |false: |arteries |bring |oxygenated |blood |to |organs/capillaries |- |correct |answer-True |in
|most |cases |with |one |exception. |Arteries |(away) |bring |blood |away |from |the |heart. |Usually |this
|is |oxygenated |blood. |But |the |pulmonary |arteries |bring |oxygen |poor |blood |away |from |the
|heart, |to |the |lungs |to |be |oxygenated.
What |is |the |tidal |volume? |- |correct |answer-amount |of |air |moved |in/out |of |lungs |in |single |breath.
|Usually |500 |ml |in |adult
What |is |inspiratory |reserve |volume? |- |correct |answer-Deepest |breath |you |can |take |after |normal
|respiration
What |is |expiratory |reserve |volume/Vital |Capacity? |- |correct |answer-maximum |amount |you
|can |breathe |out |after |normal |breath.
What |is |residual |volume? |- |correct |answer-Remaining |gas |in |lungs |after |exhalation. |This |is |to
|keep |lungs |inflated
correct answers
m |the |atmosphere, |what |structures |does |air |pass |through |during |ventilation? |- |correct
|answer-Starts |in |atmosphere, |then |nose, |nasopharyngeal |space/orophargyneal |space |(if
|mouth |breather), |then |pharynx, |larynx, |trachea, |bronchi, |bronchioles, |alveoli
What |is |the |purpose |of |the |nasal |passages |and |nasopharynx? |- |correct |answer-To
|warm/humidify |air |as |it |passes |through
What |is |the |difference |between |respiration |and |ventilation? |- |correct |answer-Respiration
|refers |to |the |exchange |of |gases |in |the |alveoli, |ventilation |refers |to |the |movement |of |air |into
|the |lungs. |Respiration |is |needed |to |provide |O2 |to |cells |and |remove |waste |products. |Also
|regulates |pH |of |blood.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |upper |airway? |- |correct |answer-nose, |mouth, |tongue, |jaw,
|pharynx |and |larynx
What |structure |is |considered |a |landmark |that |divides |the |upper |airway |from |lower? |- |correct
|answer-The |larynx, |anything |above |is |upper. |The |larynx |and |below |are |lower.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |lower |airways? |- |correct |answer-larynx |(includes |adam's
|apple/thyroid |cartilage, |cricothyroid |membrane, |cricoid |cartilage), |trachea, |bronchi,
|bronchioles, |alveoli
Describe |the |anatomy |of |the |larynx. |- |correct |answer-From |superior |to |inferior. |Thyroid
|cartilage, |cricothyroid |membrane, |and |cricoid |membrane. |The |thyroid |cartilage |and |cricoid
|cartilage |are |anterior |to |the |larynx, |and |the |cricothyroid |membrane |is |posterior |to |both
|structures.
True |or |false: |the |lungs |are |completely |equal |in |the |midsaggital |plane. |- |correct
answer-False, |right |lungs |has |3 |lobes, |left |lung |only |has |2 |lobes. |Together |they |have |5 |total.
|Also, |the |right |bronchi |is |inferior |to |the |left |bronchi.
What |are |the |structures |of |the |lungs |in |order |of |ventilation? |- |correct |answer-bronchioles, |and
|alveoli
True |or |false: |the |lungs |use |muscles |found |in |the |lateral |lobes |to |expand |and |contract? |-
|correct |answer-False: |the |lungs |are |hollow |organs |and |contain |no |muscles. |When |the
|diaphragm |contracts |it |expands |the |thoracic |cavity. |The |pleural |space |has |a |negative
|pressure |and |the |lungs |expand. |This |results |in |a |slightly |negative |pressure |(compared |to |the
|atmosphere) |and |air |rushes |in.
True |or |false: |Air |rushes |into |the |lungs |because |of |negative |pressure. |- |correct |answer-True,
|when |the |lungs |expand, |they |are |creating |a |vacuum |because |they |are |expanding |the |volume |of
|the |container. |This |increase |in |volume |causes |influx |of |air |into |the |container |until |the |pressure
|is |equalized |with |the |atmosphere.
, True |or |false: |The |parietal |pleura |lines |the |lungs |and |the |visceral |pleura |lines |the |lungs. |The
|space |between |is |called |the |anterior |pleura. |- |correct |answer-False: |the |visceral |pleura |lines
|the |lungs, |the |parietal |pleura |lines |the |body |cavity |and |the |pleural |space |is |the |space |in
|between |both |where |body |fluid |allows |for |both |to |smoothly |glide.
What |muscles |are |involved |in |inhalation? |- |correct |answer-The |diaphragm, |cervical |muscles
|(neck), |intercostals, |abdominal |muscles, |and |pectoral |muscles.
What |muscles |are |involved |in |expiration? |- |correct |answer-none, |expiration |(if |done
|passively) |is |achieved |by |the |relaxation |of |the |diaphragm.
What |is |the |primary |driver |of |respiration? |(Why |would |we |increase/decrease |RR?) |- |correct
|answer-The |CSF |in |the |brain |has |chemoreceptors |sensitive |to |CO2. |When |there |is |too |much
|CO2. |The |pH |changes. |These |sensors |feed |back |to |the |medulla |oblongata, |which |stimulates
|the |phrenic |nerve |which |innervates |the |diaphragm. |They |cause |an |increase |in |activity |of |the
|diaphragm. |This |increases |the |RR |which |causes |us |to |increase |tidal |volume. |This |means
|more |CO2 |is |exhaled. |And |brings |our |pH |back |to |normal.
We |also |have |the |less |sensitive |hypoxic |drive
What |is |hypoxic |drive? |- |correct |answer-Backup |system |to |control |respiration.
|Chemoreceptors |in |brain, |aorta, |and |carotid |arteries. |But |they |are |"satisfied" |by |a |small
|amount |of |O2, |which |means |it |is |not |as |sensitive |as |pH |control |of |CO2
What |two |areas |of |the |brain |are |involved |in |respiration? |- |correct |answer-medulla-controls
|rhythm, |initiates |inspiration, |sets |base |pattern |for |respirations, |and |stimulates |diaphragm |to
|contract.
pons-changes |depth |of |inspiration, |expiration |or |both.
True |or |false: |arteries |bring |oxygenated |blood |to |organs/capillaries |- |correct |answer-True |in
|most |cases |with |one |exception. |Arteries |(away) |bring |blood |away |from |the |heart. |Usually |this
|is |oxygenated |blood. |But |the |pulmonary |arteries |bring |oxygen |poor |blood |away |from |the
|heart, |to |the |lungs |to |be |oxygenated.
What |is |the |tidal |volume? |- |correct |answer-amount |of |air |moved |in/out |of |lungs |in |single |breath.
|Usually |500 |ml |in |adult
What |is |inspiratory |reserve |volume? |- |correct |answer-Deepest |breath |you |can |take |after |normal
|respiration
What |is |expiratory |reserve |volume/Vital |Capacity? |- |correct |answer-maximum |amount |you
|can |breathe |out |after |normal |breath.
What |is |residual |volume? |- |correct |answer-Remaining |gas |in |lungs |after |exhalation. |This |is |to
|keep |lungs |inflated
