Psych 101 MSU Exam 1 with |! |! |! |! |! |!
verified detailed answers |! |!
Reliability - Correct answer ✔The degree to which independent
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measurements of a given behavior are consistent
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Inter-rater-reliability - Correct answer ✔Two or more raters independently |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
agree
Test-retest reliability - Correct answer ✔Two or more tests yield similar
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results
Validity - Correct answer ✔The degree to which a test measures what it is
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intended to measure
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Internal Validity - Correct answer ✔If the effects observed within the
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experiment can be attributed to the conditions intentionally manipulated
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- Are you testing what you think your testing?
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Experimenter Bias - Correct answer ✔The scientists beliefs influence the
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outcome of the experiment
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Confound - Correct answer ✔an alternative explanation for a result
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,Single Blind Experiment - Correct answer ✔Information is withheld from
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participants in experiments |! |!
Double Blind Experiment - Correct answer ✔Neither subjects, nor
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experimenters know what the participant is receiving |! |! |! |! |! |!
External Validity - Correct answer ✔If the effects observed in the experiment
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can be generalized outside of the experiment to other
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Case Study - Correct answer ✔The study of one individual in great depth in
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order to learn the truths that apply more broadly
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Naturalistic Observation - Correct answer ✔o A person observes the subject
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in their normal environments of interest.
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o Used when primary goal is to describe how individuals behave in their
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usual environments |!
Experimentation - Correct answer ✔o Researchers design a specific task or |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
situation that will elicit the behavior that is relevant to their hypothesis
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Dependent Variable - Correct answer ✔The variable you are measuring (Ex.
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how hyperactive the children are afterward)
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Independent Variable - Correct answer ✔The variable you are manipulating |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
(ex. the presence or absence of drug)
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, Operational Definition - Correct answer ✔How you define your dependent
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variable so you can quantitatively measure it.
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Counterbalancing - Correct answer ✔Helps reduce confounds |! |! |! |! |! |!
Correlational Coefficient - Correct answer ✔Statistic used to indicate the
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strength and direction of the relationship (# between -1 and +1)
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Positive Correlation - Correct answer ✔a relationship between variables in
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which one variable increases as the other variable also increases
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Negative Correlation - Correct answer ✔the relationship between two
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variables in which one variable increases as the other variable decreases
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Illusory Correlations - Correct answer ✔If you have a belief that there is a
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correlations between two things, then you will be more likely to notice those
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things than the other undermining factors
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Neuron - Correct answer ✔nerve cells that carry and integrate information
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Threshold - Correct answer ✔The level of stimulation required to trigger an
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action potential
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verified detailed answers |! |!
Reliability - Correct answer ✔The degree to which independent
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
measurements of a given behavior are consistent
|! |! |! |! |! |!
Inter-rater-reliability - Correct answer ✔Two or more raters independently |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
agree
Test-retest reliability - Correct answer ✔Two or more tests yield similar
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
results
Validity - Correct answer ✔The degree to which a test measures what it is
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
intended to measure
|! |!
Internal Validity - Correct answer ✔If the effects observed within the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
experiment can be attributed to the conditions intentionally manipulated
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
- Are you testing what you think your testing?
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Experimenter Bias - Correct answer ✔The scientists beliefs influence the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
outcome of the experiment
|! |! |!
Confound - Correct answer ✔an alternative explanation for a result
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
,Single Blind Experiment - Correct answer ✔Information is withheld from
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
participants in experiments |! |!
Double Blind Experiment - Correct answer ✔Neither subjects, nor
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
experimenters know what the participant is receiving |! |! |! |! |! |!
External Validity - Correct answer ✔If the effects observed in the experiment
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
can be generalized outside of the experiment to other
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Case Study - Correct answer ✔The study of one individual in great depth in
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
order to learn the truths that apply more broadly
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Naturalistic Observation - Correct answer ✔o A person observes the subject
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
in their normal environments of interest.
|! |! |! |! |!
o Used when primary goal is to describe how individuals behave in their
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
usual environments |!
Experimentation - Correct answer ✔o Researchers design a specific task or |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
situation that will elicit the behavior that is relevant to their hypothesis
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Dependent Variable - Correct answer ✔The variable you are measuring (Ex.
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
how hyperactive the children are afterward)
|! |! |! |! |!
Independent Variable - Correct answer ✔The variable you are manipulating |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
(ex. the presence or absence of drug)
|! |! |! |! |! |!
, Operational Definition - Correct answer ✔How you define your dependent
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
variable so you can quantitatively measure it.
|! |! |! |! |! |!
Counterbalancing - Correct answer ✔Helps reduce confounds |! |! |! |! |! |!
Correlational Coefficient - Correct answer ✔Statistic used to indicate the
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
strength and direction of the relationship (# between -1 and +1)
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Positive Correlation - Correct answer ✔a relationship between variables in
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
which one variable increases as the other variable also increases
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Negative Correlation - Correct answer ✔the relationship between two
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
variables in which one variable increases as the other variable decreases
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Illusory Correlations - Correct answer ✔If you have a belief that there is a
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
correlations between two things, then you will be more likely to notice those
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
things than the other undermining factors
|! |! |! |! |!
Neuron - Correct answer ✔nerve cells that carry and integrate information
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
Threshold - Correct answer ✔The level of stimulation required to trigger an
|! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |! |!
action potential
|!
