WCU PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM
REVIEW EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina. - ANS Prinzmetal Variant
Hypertrophy of the right ventricle is a compensatory response to - ANS Pulmonary Stenosis
Sings and symptoms of extracellular fluid volume excess include - ANS bounding pulse
Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular - ANS death
A patient presenting with fever, hypotension, and lactic acidosis is most likely to be
experiencing what type of shock? - ANS Septic
When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow - ANS decreases
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what
type of shock? - ANS Septic
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANS β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
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,A patient with heart failure who reports intermittent shortness of breath during the night is
experiencing - ANS paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
The effects of histamine release include - ANS increased vascular permeability
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is - ANS Bence Jones proteins in the urine
Emesis causes - ANS metabolic alkalosis
Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _________ necrosis - ANS liquefactive
Metabolic alkalosis is often accompanied by - ANS hypokalemia
A patient diagnosed with chronic compensated heart failure reports that, "My feet swell if I eat
salt but I don't understand why" The nurse's best response is - ANS "Salt holds water in your
blood and makes more pressure against your blood vessels, so fluid leaks out into your tissues
and makes them swell."
Cancer grading is based on - ANS cell differentiation
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is - ANS Selective IgA
Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms? -
ANS Preexcitation syndrome tachycardia (Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome)
A 3-year old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, bu
a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with - ANS Hemophilia
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, The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of -
ANS apoptosis
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions because -
ANS massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation
What results when systemic blood pressure is increased? - ANS Vasoconstriction
The increased anterior-posterior chest diameter associated with obstructive lung disease is
caused by - ANS increased residual lung volume
Hypernatremia may be caused by - ANS decreased antidiuretic hormone secretion
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce
production of - ANS nitric oxide
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine BP of 110/70
and a HR of 100? - ANS Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring? -
ANS Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
Neuromuscular disorders impair lung function primarily because of - ANS weak muscles of
respiration
Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete? - ANS Carbonic
Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with - ANS acute onset of left
ventricular dysfunction
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
REVIEW EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Angina caused by coronary artery spasm is called _____ angina. - ANS Prinzmetal Variant
Hypertrophy of the right ventricle is a compensatory response to - ANS Pulmonary Stenosis
Sings and symptoms of extracellular fluid volume excess include - ANS bounding pulse
Apoptosis is a process that results in cellular - ANS death
A patient presenting with fever, hypotension, and lactic acidosis is most likely to be
experiencing what type of shock? - ANS Septic
When systemic vascular resistance is decreased, blood flow - ANS decreases
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what
type of shock? - ANS Septic
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of - ANS β-hemolytic streptococcal
infection.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,A patient with heart failure who reports intermittent shortness of breath during the night is
experiencing - ANS paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
The effects of histamine release include - ANS increased vascular permeability
A diagnostic laboratory finding in myeloma is - ANS Bence Jones proteins in the urine
Emesis causes - ANS metabolic alkalosis
Necrotic death of brain tissue usually produces _________ necrosis - ANS liquefactive
Metabolic alkalosis is often accompanied by - ANS hypokalemia
A patient diagnosed with chronic compensated heart failure reports that, "My feet swell if I eat
salt but I don't understand why" The nurse's best response is - ANS "Salt holds water in your
blood and makes more pressure against your blood vessels, so fluid leaks out into your tissues
and makes them swell."
Cancer grading is based on - ANS cell differentiation
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is - ANS Selective IgA
Which dysrhythmia is thought to be associated with reentrant mechanisms? -
ANS Preexcitation syndrome tachycardia (Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome)
A 3-year old boy who exhibits prolonged bleeding after minor trauma and a prolonged aPTT, bu
a normal platelet count, is likely to be diagnosed with - ANS Hemophilia
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, The majority of cardiac cells that die after myocardial infarction do so because of -
ANS apoptosis
Dramatic hypotension sometimes accompanies type I hypersensitivity reactions because -
ANS massive histamine release from mast cells leads to vasodilation
What results when systemic blood pressure is increased? - ANS Vasoconstriction
The increased anterior-posterior chest diameter associated with obstructive lung disease is
caused by - ANS increased residual lung volume
Hypernatremia may be caused by - ANS decreased antidiuretic hormone secretion
Tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-1 contribute to shock states because they induce
production of - ANS nitric oxide
Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine BP of 110/70
and a HR of 100? - ANS Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Familial retinoblastoma involves the transmission of what from parent to offspring? -
ANS Mutant tumor-suppressor gene
Neuromuscular disorders impair lung function primarily because of - ANS weak muscles of
respiration
Which acid are the kidneys unable to excrete? - ANS Carbonic
Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with - ANS acute onset of left
ventricular dysfunction
COPYRIGHT © 2025 THESTAR ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
